During his reign, Spain lost its last colonies in the Americas ( Cuba and Puerto Rico ) and the Philippines ; fought and, after several setbacks, won a war in Morocco ; witnessed the start of the Spanish Generation of 1927, and endured the dictatorship of Miguel Primo de Rivera.

During this time, his parents took part in the Spanish Civil War in supporting rather than fighting roles.

During this period, the harsh rule of the Spanish loyalists, who punished suspected rebels, drove more and more Chileans into the insurrectionary camp.

During most of the colonial period, Costa Rica was the southernmost province of the Captaincy General of Guatemala, which was nominally part of the Viceroyalty of New Spain ( i. e., Mexico ), but which in practice operated as a largely autonomous entity within the Spanish Empire.

During the Spanish Empire, approximately 550, 000 Spanish settlers migrated to Latin America.

During the first century of development, the Spanish dominance was undisputed.

In 1704 like the rest of the tercios, the Spanish dragoons were reorganised into regiments by Felipe V. During the 18th century several additional regiments of dragoons were created in the Spanish Americas, some of them to function as a police force.

During colonial times, the Spanish decided that El Salvador would produce and export indigo, but after the invention of synthetic dyes in the 19th century, Salvadoran authorities and the newly created modern state turned to coffee as the main export of the economy.

During the Dutch Revolt, Eindhoven changed hands between the Dutch and the Spanish several times during which it was burned down by renegade Spanish soldiers, until finally in 1583 it was captured once more by Spanish troops and its city walls were demolished.

* 1607 25 April – During the Eighty Years ' War between the United Provinces and the King of Spain, a Dutch fleet surprised and engaged a Spanish fleet anchored at the Bay of Gibraltar ( Battle of Gibraltar ).

* 1704 1 August ( NS ): ( 21 July ( OS )) – During the War of the Spanish Succession, and when returning from a failed expedition to Barcelona, an Anglo-Dutch fleet, under the command of Sir George Rooke, chief commander of the Alliance Navy, began a new siege ( the eleventh siege of the town ).

* During the Peninsular War, contingents from the Gibraltar Garrison were sent to aid Spanish resistance to the French at Cádiz and Tarifa.

During the 17th century, the Caribs fought against the Spanish settlers and repelled them.

During the War of the Spanish Succession Alberoni laid the foundation of his political success by the services he rendered to Louis-Joseph, duc de Vendôme, commander of the French forces in Italy, to whom the duke of Parma had sent him.

During the American charge up San Juan and Kettle Hills, the three guns fired a total of 18, 000. 30 Army rounds in eight and one-half minutes ( an average of over 700 rpm per gun ) against Spanish troop positions along the crest of both hills, wreaking terrible carnage.

During the decade of 1780, the Spanish regained control of the Bay Islands and took most of the British and their allies in the Black River area.

During the 16th century, the Spanish and Austrian Habsburgs were the dominant power in Europe.

During the Spanish Civil War, he went to fight with the anarchists but was imprisoned and was helped on his release by Emma Goldman.

During the late 1880s, the strong influence of Spanish style is evident in Albéniz's music.

During World War II, the Spanish Falangist media agitated for irredentism claiming for Spain the French Navarre, French Basque Country and Roussillon ( French Catalonia ) as well.

During his talks with the Spanish foreign minister, Ramón Serrano Súñer, Ribbentrop affronted Súñer with his tactless behaviour, especially his suggestion that Spain cede the Canary Islands to Germany.

During the Middle Ages, Muslims were in conflict with Zoroastrians during the Islamic conquest of Persia ; Christians were in conflict with Muslims during the Byzantine-Arab Wars, Crusades, Reconquista and Ottoman wars in Europe ; Christians were in conflict with Muslims during the Crusades, Reconquista and Inquisition ; Shamans were in conflict with Buddhists, Taoists, Muslims and Christians during the Mongol invasions ; and Muslims were in conflict with Hindus and Sikhs during Muslim conquest in the Indian subcontinent.

During the Reconquista, Navarre gained little ground at the expense of the Muslims.

During his youth and early adulthood, Peter gained a great deal of military experience in his father's wars of the Reconquista against the Moors.

During the Reconquista, the Kingdom of León in northern Spain built three churches famous for their domed crossing towers, called " cimborios ", as it acquired new territories.

During the centuries of Reconquista ( 711 – 1492 ), the Christian North of the Iberian Peninsula and the Southern Muslim-ruled Al Andalus battled internally and against each other.

During the first centuries of the Reconquista, the Franks drove the Muslims south of the Pyrenees.

During a brief Anglo-French peace, he journeyed to the Iberian Peninsula to aid Alfonso XI of Castile in the Reconquista.

During the Reconquista, the feudal lords granted fueros to some villas and cities, to encourage the repopulation of the frontier and of commercial routes.

During this time the ethnic tensions between the Berbers and Arabs weakened the Caliphate militarily while the Reconquista gained success to the north of Extremedura in Castile.

During the Reconquista, Muslims were forced to either convert to Catholicism or leave the peninsula.

During the Reconquista, Portuguese and Castilian conquests went south, to take lands from the Moslems that they claimed as theirs.

During the 13th century, in the Portuguese Reconquista, the Portuguese Navy helped in the conquest of several littoral moorish towns, like Alcácer do Sal, Silves and Faro.

During antiquity, the region was occupied by the Celts, then Romans and finally the Arab forces of the Umayyad Caliphate, who dominated the region until the Christian Reconquista.

During the Reconquista, captured Muslims were enslaved ; in the 12th century, the Muslim slaves carried out the grand reconstruction of the Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela.

During the Reconquista, in 1233, king Ferdinand III was able to wrest the town from the Muslim rulers.

During the Reconquista, in which he took an active part, he founded the Order of Calatrava.

During the Reconquista in the 12th and 13th centuries, with the populating ( povoamento ) of the conquered territories, areas due to religion the Arabs reduced wine production.

During the Reconquista, Alvito was conquered by the Portuguese in 1234, being later ( 1251 ) donated by King Afonso III to Estêvão Anes, chancellor of the kingdom, who promoted the settlement of the area.

During the Reconquista, Estremoz was captured in the 12th century by the army of knight Geraldo Sem Pavor ( Gerald the Fearless ), who had also conquered neighbouring Évora.

During the Reconquista, Zafra was captured twice by Christian forces, first in 1229 by Alfonso IX, and then definitely by Ferdinand III, in a campaign through present-day Extremadura described in Alfonso X's Crónica General de España ( General History of Spain ).