Dwarfism () occurs when an individual is short in stature resulting from a medical condition caused by problems that arise in the pituitary gland in which the growth of the individual is very slowed or delayed.

Dwarfism is sometimes defined as an adult height of less than 147 cm ( 58 inches ), although this definition is problematic because short stature in itself is not a disorder.

Dwarfism is a medical disorder with the sole requirement being an adult height under and it is almost always classified as to the underlying condition that is the cause for the short stature.

Dwarfism is usually caused by a genetic disorder ; achondroplasia is caused by a mistake on chromosome four.

Dwarfism is often diagnosed in childhood on the basis of visible symptoms.

Dwarfism is depicted in many books, films, and TV series such as Willow, Austin Powers, Gulliver's Travels by Jonathan Swift, The Wizard of Oz, Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory, A Son of the Circus, Little People Big World, The Little Couple, Harry Potter, A Song of Ice and Fire, Seinfeld, In Bruges, The Tin Drum by Günter Grass, Game of Thrones ( TV series ), and the film The Station Agent.

Dwarfism can be caused by about 200 distinct medical conditions, such that the symptoms and characteristics of individual people with dwarfism vary greatly.

Dwarfism can result from myriad medical conditions, each with its own separate symptoms and causes.

Dwarfism resulting from malnutrition or a hormonal abnormality may be treated with an appropriate diet or hormonal therapy.

* Little People: A Father Reflects on His Daughter's Dwarfism — and What It Means to Be Different, by Dan Kennedy.

The Kaspar Hauser Syndrome of " Psychosocial Dwarfism ": Deficient Statural, Intellectual, and Social Growth Induced by Child Abuse.

Isabella and her Dwarfism | dwarf, c. 1599

It is possible, although highly doubtful, that he killed none at all but merely let his reputation work for him by privately claiming every unsolved murder in the state.

Only one rule prevailed in my conversations with these men: The more highly placed they are -- that is, the more they know -- the more concerned they have become.

All such imitations of negative quality have given rise to a compensatory response in the form of a heroic and highly individualistic humanism: if man can neither know nor love reality as it is, he can at least invent an artistic `` reality '' which is its own world and which can speak to man of purely personal and subjective qualities capable of being known and worthy of being loved.

nor is there need to add that among them are some of the most highly individualized and most successful of his characters.

Though versatile and capable of turning out a ballad lyric with the best of them, Mercer's forte is a highly polished quasi-folk wit.

A letter of a few days later from Washington's aide to Morgan stated, `` His Excellency is highly pleased with your conduct upon this occasion ''.

His approach to music is highly individualistic ; ;

Yet it is plainly time to make a start, and to be effective the first move should be highly dramatic, without being fanatical.

There is not anywhere on the frontiers of freedom a more highly mobilized force for liberation.

The fact that China ( which is obsessed by Formosa -- to Khrushchev a very small matter ) should be supported by North Korea and North Vietnam is highly indicative.

It is an answer in its way, individual and highly dramatic, to the charge that the democratic process is necessarily vicious in its campaign characteristics.

All nails should be rustproof, and aluminum is highly recommended.

For example, the officials of Poughkeepsie town ( township ) where the project is located think highly of it because it simplifies their snow clearing problem.

Fing, a lean, chiseled, impeccable gentleman of the old school who was once mistaken on the street for Sir Cedric Hardwicke, is responsible for the rediscovery of Verdi's earliest, most raucous opera, Nabisco, a sumptuous bout-de-souffle with a haunting leitmotiv that struck me as being highly reminiscent of the Mudugno version of `` Volare ''.

As is well known, detergent actives belong to the chemical class consisting of moderately high molecular weight and highly polar molecules which exhibit the property of forming micelles in solution.

This is particularly true of highly charged ions, especially those ions which fall into the class of polyelectrolytes.

Whereas the usual organic surface-active agent is strongly sorbed at oil - water interfaces, the highly charged ions are most strongly sorbed at interfaces between water and insoluble materials exhibiting an ionic structure ( see Table 26-2 on p. 1678 ).

This area is highly susceptible to infection.

An enemy would obviously choose an agent that is believed to be highly infectious.

It is, however, highly suggestive and agrees well with our own findings in which we also failed to demonstrate normally occurring bronchial artery-pulmonary artery shunts in certain species, especially the dog.

There is no conclusive evidence yet that either of the proteases has been prepared in highly purified form nor is their specificity known.

Moreover its posture of stubborn but simple resistance is doomed to failure because of the metaphysical weakness of the existent form of order, once the activation of change has reached visible proportions.

Master Gorton, having foully abused high and low at Aquidneck is now bewitching and bemaddening poor Providence, both with his unclean and foul censures of all the ministers of this country ( for which myself have in Christ's name withstood him ), and also denying all visible and external ordinances in depth of Familism: almost all suck in his poison, as at first they did at Aquidneck.

It is visible throughout the city, and men from Madison Ave. would jump at the chance.

These cases in which light is already visible at the other end of the tunnel are ones which over the next few years will absorb the bulk of our capital assistance.

The received radiation is compared with the radiation from a hypothetical black body which subtends the same solid angle as the visible disk of the planet.

Zodiacal light and the gegenschein give some evidence for such a dust blanket, a phenomenon also to be expected if the dust before capture is in circular orbits about the sun, as indicated by the trend of the smaller visible meteors.

To maintain their intermediate position in the larger society, it is not only necessary that members of this population be `` visible '', but that their numbers be great enough to be recognized as a separate, distinct grouping or system in society.

Apparently the feeling is that anything more would be involvement in technical abstrusenesses of possible pedantic interest but of no visible significance in practical affairs.

Psychical blindness is a condition in which there is a total absence of visual memory-images, a condition in which, for example, one is unable to remember something just seen or to conjure up a memory-picture of the visible appearance of a well-known friend in his absence.

The modern student, who knows what was to come next, is likely to place first the factors of change which are visible in the eighth century.

Sometimes this is accompanied by visible shifts of the ground surface ; ;

The Roman Catholic Church has excommunicated one of its priests, Father Feeney, for insisting that there is no salvation outside the visible church.

In the next century which is the beginning of the Classical period, it was considered that beauty in visible things as in everything else, consisted of symmetry and proportions.

Sir John Tenniel's illustration of the Caterpillar ( Alice's Adventures in Wonderland ) | Caterpillar for Lewis Carroll's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland is noted for its ambiguous central figure, whose head can be viewed as being a human male's face with a pointed nose and pointy chin or being the head end of an actual caterpillar, with the first two right " true " legs visible.

North of the Arctic Circle, the sun is above the horizon for 24 continuous hours at least once per year ( and therefore visible at midnight ) and below the horizon for 24 continuous hours at least once per year.

Amateur astronomy is usually associated with viewing the night sky when most celestial objects and events are visible, but sometimes amateur astronomers also operate during the day for events such as sunspots and solar eclipses.

" American shot " is a translation of a phrase from French film criticism, " plan américain " and refers to a medium-long (" knee ") film shot of a group of characters, who are arranged so that all are visible to the camera.

Astronomy certainly played an important role in Chaco culture, as it is visible in the north-south axis alignment of many ceremonial structures.

As of a storm in spring 2009, the sign is no longer there although the supporting posts are still visible.

At this time, the apparent asymmetry of matter and antimatter in the visible universe is one of the greatest unsolved problems in physics.

It is possible to view the main city in panorama, with the Sagrada Família and the Montjuïc area visible at a distance.

The establishment of the church as an institution recognized by worldly rulers is also visible in legal history.

Generally the visible spectrum ( vmag ) is used for the apparent magnitude, but other spectrums such as the near-infrared J-band magnitude are also used.