To date, and with support from Europe's National Meteorological Services and the European Commission, ECMWF has conducted two major reanalyses of the global atmosphere: the first ECMWF re-analysis ( ERA-15 ) project generated reanalyses from December 1978 to February 1994 ; the ERA-40 project generated reanalyses from September 1957 to August 2002.

* ECMWF http :// www. ecmwf. int / research / ifsdocs / ASSIMILATION / Chap1_Overview2. html

In particular, ECMWF ’ s emphasis on the provision of reliable predictions of severe weather can be seen as a key contribution to help society adapt to the dangers and threats associated with global warming.

ECMWF has pioneered an innovative approach known as reanalysis, which involves feeding weather observations collected over decades into a NWP system to recreate past atmospheric, sea-and land-surface conditions over specific time periods to obtain a clearer picture of how the climate has changed.

ECMWF can contribute to the development of strategies to mitigate and adapt to climate change.

Also scientists and researchers around the world use ECMWF ’ s forecast products to monitor the environment and analyse climate change.

Currently the ECMWF runs at resolution as opposed to the scale used by typical climate models.

The European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts ( ECMWF ) is an independent intergovernmental organisation supported by 19 European Member States and 15 Co-operating States.

ECMWF is renowned worldwide as providing the most accurate medium-range global weather forecasts to 15 days and seasonal forecasts to 12 months.

The National Meteorological Services of Member States and Co-operating States use ECMWF ’ s products for their own national duties, in particular to give early warning of potentially damaging severe weather.

ECMWF was established in 1975, in recognition of the need to pool the scientific and technical resources of Europe ’ s meteorological services and institutions for the production of medium-range weather forecasts and of the economic and social benefits expected from it.

ECMWF uses the computer modelling technique of numerical weather prediction ( NWP ) to forecast the weather from its present measured state.

ECMWF, through its partnerships with EUMETSAT, ESA, the EU and the European Science community has established a leading position for Europe in the exploitation of satellite data for operational numerical weather prediction, and in the exploitation of satellite data for operational seasonal forecasting with coupled atmosphere-ocean-land models.

ECMWF continuously endeavours to improve the use of satellite observations for NWP.

The ECMWF model runs every 12 hours and forecasts out to 10 days.

The ECMWF model is primarily used as comparison against the Global Forecast System, which is based in the United States and is run by the National Centers for Environmental Prediction.

However, unlike the GFS, which is in the public domain under provisions of United States law, the ECMWF model is proprietary and copyrighted.

Nonetheless, a limited amount of output from the model has been publicly released through both the ECMWF and various sites.

ECMWF ’ s strategy underlines its commitment to maintaining the current rapid rate of improvement of its global medium-range forecasts and products.

The ECMWF strategy puts the early warning of severe weather as its principal goal.

Since ECMWF runs a wave model, there are also predictions of coastal waves and storm surges in European waters which can be used to provide warnings.

Centers such as ECMWF show instantaneous map of their coverage ; or the Hadley Centre show the coverage for the average of the year 2000.

* Integrated Forecast System a global meteorological model developed by ECMWF.

These products are issued twice daily using guidance from the NWS's Global Forecast System ( GFS ) and North American Mesoscale Model ( NAM ), as well as guidance from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts ( ECMWF ), the United Kingdom's Met Office ( UKMET ), the Meteorological Service of Canada, including ensembles.

It is worth dwelling in some detail on the crisis of this story, because it brings together a number of characteristic elements and makes of them a curious, riddling compound obscurely but centrally significant for Mann's work.

It need hardly be remarked that Thompson was not generally known for his scrupulosity about keeping his social engagements, which makes his irritation in this letter all the more significant.

The purpose of this paper is to analyze one possible force which has not been treated in the literature, but which we believe makes a significant contribution to explaining the wage-price behavior of a few very important industries.

For example, engineering soybeans to resist spoilage makes them less suitable for producing tempeh which is a significant source of protein that depends on fermentation.

However, firing a pistol effectively at any significant range requires good training, since the absence of a buttstock makes precise ranged aim difficult.

Orthodox Judaism deliberately makes it very difficult to convert and become a Jew, and requires a significant and full-time effort in living, study, righteousness, and conduct over several years.

Equipment from the Soviet Union is being progressively replaced by more modern U. S., French, and British equipment, a significant portion of which is built under license in Egypt, such as the M1A1 Abrams tank which makes Egypt the owner of the second largest number of latest generation main battle tanks in the region after Israel, and the second after Syria in case of the older generations.

Located in the heart of Central-Europe, Hungary ’ s geostrategic location plays a significant role in the rise of the service sector as the country ’ s central position makes it suitable and rewarding to invest.

There is also a significant difference in the results for Theogony and Works and Days, but that is merely due to the fact that the former includes a catalog of divinities and therefore it makes frequent use of the definite article associated with digamma, oἱ.

Physics also makes significant contributions through advances in new technologies that arise from theoretical breakthroughs.

) The new constitution, which took effect October 29, 2003, follows the structure of the Constitution of 1991, but makes significant revisions, among which the most significant are extension of the presidential mandate from four years to five, and the guaranteed protection of private property.

By contrast, British Scouting makes use of imagery drawn from the Indian subcontinent, because that region was a significant focus in the early years of Scouting.

In addition Mackerel, which makes up more than half of the catch in Shetland by weight and value, there are significant landings of Haddock, Cod, Herring, Whiting, Monkfish and shellfish.

Single-stage-to-orbit has been achieved from the Moon by both the Apollo program's Lunar Module and several robotic spacecraft of the Soviet Luna programme ; the lower lunar gravity and absence of any significant atmosphere makes this much easier than from Earth.

Another significant development in U. S. law is the Economic Espionage Act of 1996 (), which makes the theft or misappropriation of a trade secret a federal crime.

Others have argued that natural evils are the result of the fall of man, which corrupted the perfect world created by God ; or that natural laws which are prerequisite for the existence of intelligent free beings ; or again that natural evils provide us with a knowledge of evil which makes our free choices more significant than they would otherwise be, and so our free will more valuable.

Located in the heart of Central-Europe, Hungary ’ s geostrategic location plays a significant role in the rise of the service sector as the country ’ s central position makes it suitable and rewarding to invest.

The Woman's Sports Foundation Wilma Rudolph Courage Award is presented to a female athlete who exhibits extraordinary courage in her athletic performance, demonstrates the ability to overcome adversity, makes significant contributions to sports and serves as an inspiration and role model to those who face challenges, overcomes them and strives for success at all levels.

Syrah makes up a significant percentage of wine produced in several Washington AVA's such as the Naches Heights AVA and the Walla Walla AVA.

This transactional view of speech acts has significant applications in many areas in which ( human ) individuals have had different roles-for instance-a patient and a physician might meet in an encounter in which the patient makes a request for treatment, the physician responds with a counter-offer involving a treatment she feels is appropriate, and the patient might respond, etc.

The amount of methane potentially trapped in natural methane hydrate deposits may be significant ( 10 < sup > 15 </ sup > to 10 < sup > 17 </ sup > cubic metres ), which makes them of major interest as a potential energy resource.

Sugar cane processing makes up one-third of industrial activity ; coconuts, ginger, and copra are also significant.

Although this source of vitamins, in general, provides only a small part of the daily requirement, it makes a significant contribution when dietary vitamin intake is low.