According to the Center for Economic and Policy Research ( CEPR ), the period from 1980 – 2005 has seen diminished progress in terms of economic growth, life expectancy, infant and child mortality, and to a lesser extent education.

; Economic growth:

Economic growth can be enhanced by investment in capital, such as more or better machinery.

Economic growth reached 3. 1 % during 2000 and inflation was 9. 0 % although unemployment has yet to significantly improve.

Economic reforms were addressed to liberalization of economy and provision of sustainable economic growth, based on the private sector development.

Economic growth picked up in the late 1990s following slow growth and domestic fiscal adjustment in early years of the decade.

West Germany enjoyed prolonged economic growth beginning in the early 1950s ( Wirtschaftswunder or " Economic Miracle ").

Economic growth, after a fall in 1991 to − 11. 9 %, gradually grew until the end of the 1990s at an average annual rate of 4. 2 %.

Economic growth dramatically increased living standards by the 1990s.

Economic growth accelerated to 5. 1 % in 2004 and reached 5. 6 % in 2005.

Economic growth is largely supported by oil extraction activities, although massive diversification is taking place.

Economic growth leads to a lower unemployment rate.

Economic recovery of the European economy has lifted exports, tourism, and overall growth.

Economic growth picked up in 1997 – 99 after stalling in 1996 due to a series of natural disasters and increases in world prices of copper and cashmere.

Economic growth is far more diversified, with new service and industrial poles, like Casablanca and Tangier, developing.

Economic growth was set at 7. 9 % annually, lower than the previous plan.

Economic growth in the post-World War II period occurred in the context of political stability characterized by authoritarian rule and patronage politics.

Economic and technological growth during this period improved the standard for living, which expanded opportunities for education.

Economic growth exceeded expectations in the early 2000s, despite recession in key export markets.

Economic reforms introduced shortly after independence led to healthy economic growth.

Economic growth has been uneven in the ensuing years as the economy faced a multitude of global and domestic economic and political challenges.

Economic growth in Swaziland has lagged behind that of its neighbors.

Economic growth in the United States encouraged the suburbanization of American cities that required massive investments for the new infrastructure and homes.

The Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights recognizes that " conflicts may exist between the respect for and implementation of current intellectual property systems and other human rights ".

Current well-known economists include 2008 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences winner Paul Krugman, a public intellectual and advocate of modern liberal policies ; Alan Greenspan, the former chairman of the Federal Reserve ; Ben Bernanke, the current Chairman of the Federal Reserve ; Joseph Stiglitz, an American economist, Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics winner, critic of inequality and the governance of globalization, and Chief Economist of the World Bank.

Another part of the intellectual underpinning of the Bush Doctrine was the 2004 book The Case for Democracy, written by Israeli politician and author Natan Sharansky and Israeli Minister of Economic Affairs in the United States Ron Dermer, which Bush has cited as influential in his thinking.

Economic issues reflect the distribution of intellectual and material resources and workload in a society.

American linguist and public intellectual Noam Chomsky thinks that globalization in the sense of investors and privileged elites or some participants of the World Economic Forum is a propaganda term.

It was the primary intellectual force behind privatisation in the Thatcher era, and, with the Centre for Policy Studies and Institute of Economic Affairs, drove Thatcherite policy on privatisation, taxation, education, and health.

Furthermore, Röpke personally advised the Chancellor of ( post-World War II ) West Germany, Konrad Adenauer, and his Minister of Economics, Ludwig Erhard up until the late 1950s, and therefore is credited with contributing the intellectual backbone of the now infamous German Economic " Miracle ".

The latter clause is sometimes seen as requiring the protection of intellectual property, but the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights interprets it as primarily protecting the moral rights of authors and " proclaim the intrinsically personal character of every creation of the human mind and the ensuing durable link between creators and their creations ".

In 1971, Schwab founded the World Economic Forum as a not-for-profit foundation committed to improving the state of the world, later building it into today's global partnership of business, political, and intellectual leaders.

The techniques for developing actionable intelligence from limited circulation / limited availability documents such as selected corporate publications can raise difficult legal and ethical questions under both intellectual property laws and the Economic Espionage Act.

Following this, the Africa Leadership Forum led by President Olusegun Obasanjo, met in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, in collaboration with the Secretariat of the Organisation of African Unity ( OAU ) and the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa ( ECA ), a meeting of prominent African personalities, drawn from the private sector, government and non-governmental organisations, and intellectual circles to discuss an appropriate framework for advancing this agenda.

# Economic rewards: In the case of the North American Free Trade Agreement ( NAFTA ), many different countries receive economic benefits from membership in the free trade agreement.

In 2010, the OECD ( the Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development ) encouraged the governments of advanced economies to embrace policies to increase innovation and knowledge in products and services as an economical path to continued prosperity .. International policies also often address human capital flight, which is the loss of talented or trained persons from a country that invested in them, to another country which benefits from their arrival without investing in them.

"(...) Without taking the argument that far, it is evident that in a market system with uneven distribution of empowering work, such as Economic Democracy ( the model of market socialism David Schweickart has developed and refers to as " economic democracy "), some workers will be more able than others to capture the benefits of economic gain.

Economic protection was also extended to the elderly and the disabled through the payment of pensions and benefits.

Economic benefits are distributed proportionally to each member's level of participation in the cooperative, for instance, by a dividend on sales or purchases, rather than according to capital invested.

According to the Côte d ' Azur Economic Development Agency, it benefits from 300 days of sunshine per year, of coastline and beaches, 18 golf courses, 14 ski resorts and 3, 000 restaurants.

* Economic Policy Institute-To calculate the unemployment insurance benefits you might receive in the United States ( based on < sup > 2004 </ sup > rates )

Economic theorists model individual decision-making as measurement of costs and benefits.

Economic liberal ( pro-capitalist ) and socialist opponents of the claim that improving welfare benefits or increasing state regulation of financial activity makes a state " socialist " argue that the continued operation of capitalist economics in states like the USA shows that a state with welfare reforms is still a capitalist state, pointing to numerous forms of welfare state capitalism such as the social market economy, Rhine capitalism and Keynesian economics.

* Economic efficiency — commonly expressed as benefits and costs.

Economic benefits of SIT has been demonstrated in various cases.

Economic appraisal is a type of decision method applied to a project, programme or policy that takes into account a wide range of costs and benefits, denominated in monetary terms or for which a monetary equivalent can be estimated.

On June 11, 2010 Banjar Management Economic Impact Assessment identified economic benefits to " range between $ 48 million and $ 54 million for the rehabilitation alternative and $ 47 to $ 53 million for replacement of the Bridge over the four to five years required for project delivery.

* Economic benefits throughout the value chain from producers to consumers ;

Charles Schulze, the chairman of the President's Council of Economic Advisers, later cited economic assessments that despite the Tellico Dam being 95 % complete, " if one takes just the cost of finishing it against the benefits and does it properly, it doesn't pay, which says something about the original design.

Celestair Group represents an alliance of three airlines under the Aga Khan Fund for Economic Development, AKFED, and benefits from technical and operative support from other airlines owned by the Aga Khan, such as Meridiana and Eurofly of Italy.

Set-aside was an scheme introduced by the European Economic Community ( EEC ) in 1988 ( Regulation ( EEC ) 1272 / 88 ), to ( i ) help reduce the large and costly surpluses produced in Europe under the guaranteed price system of the Common Agricultural Policy ( CAP ); and ( ii ) to deliver some environmental benefits following considerable damage to agricultural ecosystems and wildlife as a result of the intensification of agriculture.

As Charles Schultze, Chairman of the Council of Economic Advisors and a member of the Committee, said, “ Here is a project that is 95 % complete, and if one takes the cost of finishing it against the total project benefits, and does it properly, it doesn ’ t pay, which says something about the original design .”