Electroluminescence ( EL ) is an optical phenomenon and electrical phenomenon in which a material emits light in response to the passage of an electric current or to a strong electric field.

* Electroluminescence — The phenomenon where a material emits light in response to an electric current passed through it, or to a strong electric field.

Electroluminescence from polymer films was first observed by Roger Partridge at the National Physical Laboratory in the United Kingdom.

In 1977, Lohja started manufacturing Electroluminescence ( EL ) displays after purchasing the development project, headed by Dr. Tuomo Suntola.

Electroluminescence is the result of radiative recombination of electrons and holes in a material, usually a semiconductor.

Electroluminescence can be exploited in light sources.

A detailed study of this latter phenomenon was not attempted in this paper.

Now, with virtually every writer, not only was the European origin of public law acknowledged as a historical phenomenon, but the rules thus established by the advanced civilizations of Europe were to be imposed on others.

The `` leapfrog '' was a phenomenon of the railroad and the steam turbine, and the time when the belts of residence surrounding the old factory area were not yet blighted.

J. Desaulx suggested in 1877 that the phenomenon was caused by the thermal motion of water molecules, and in 1905 Albert Einstein produced the first mathematical analysis of the motion.

As such it was a distinctly national phenomenon.

Although an explanation for the phenomenon was not provided until 1919, duralumin was one of the first " age hardening " alloys to be used, and was soon followed by many others.

The term ' antibiosis ', meaning " against life ," was introduced by the French bacteriologist Vuillemin as a descriptive name of the phenomenon exhibited by these early antibacterial drugs.

) This was changed because a government study showed that many people were in effect " saving up " their units and using them at the end of the week, a phenomenon referred to as binge drinking.

The American folk music revival was a phenomenon in the United States that began during the 1940s and peaked in popularity in the mid-1960s.

The idea that immediately suggested itself was that the star's declination varied because of short-term changes in the orientation of the Earth's axis relative to the celestial sphere – a phenomenon known as nutation.

This phenomenon, known as gravity darkening or the von Zeipel effect, was confirmed for Altair by measurements made by the Navy Prototype Optical Interferometer in 2001, and analyzed by Ohishi et al.

The player who experienced this phenomenon with the most number of at-bats in a season was Ernie Bowman, who over 125 at-bats in 1963 had a batting average of. 184 and an on-base percentage of. 181.

By 1916, Chaplin was a global phenomenon.

This phenomenon arising due to the nature of charge carriers in the conductor came to be known as the Hall effect, but it was not properly explained at the time, since the electron was experimentally discovered 18 years later.

An interesting phenomenon occurred during the World War II era, when sterling silver was often incorporated into costume jewelry designs.

For many decades, consciousness as a research topic was avoided by the majority of mainstream scientists, because of a general feeling that a phenomenon defined in subjective terms could not properly be studied using objective experimental methods.

This economic phenomenon was a slow and gradual process that took place from the late Tang Dynasty ( 618 – 907 ) into the Song Dynasty ( 960 – 1279 ).

An example of this phenomenon is Dirichlet's theorem, to which it was originally applied by Heine, that a continuous function on a compact interval is uniformly continuous: here continuity is a local property of the function, and uniform continuity the corresponding global property.

It was Maurice Fréchet who, in 1906, had distilled the essence of the Bolzano – Weierstrass property and coined the term compactness to refer to this general phenomenon.

The canal was featured on Ripley's Believe It or Not in the 1970s due to the phenomenon that in winter the canal freezes before the lakes and then after the lakes freeze, the canal thaws and remains unfrozen for the rest of the winter.

In a historical or geopolitical sense the term usually refers collectively to Christian majority countries or countries in which Christianity dominates or was a territorial phenomenon .“ Christendom is originally a medieval concept steadily to have evolved since the fall of the Western Roman Empire and the gradual rise of the Papacy more in religio-temporal implication practically during and after the reign of Charlemagne ; and the concept let itself to be lulled in the minds of the staunch believers to the archetype of a holy religious space inhabited by Christians, blessed by God, the Heavenly Father, ruled by Christ through the Church and protected by the Spirit-body of Christ ; no wonder, this concept, as included the whole of Europe and then the expanding Christian territories on earth, strengthened the roots of Romance of the greatness of Christianity in the world .”

One possible explanation was that upwardly accelerating shock waves from the impact accelerated charged particles enough to cause auroral emission, a phenomenon more typically associated with fast-moving solar wind particles striking a planetary atmosphere near a magnetic pole.

An additional line of reasoning in support of particle theory ( and by extension atomic theory ) began in 1827 when botanist Robert Brown used a microscope to look at dust grains floating in water and discovered that they moved about erratically — a phenomenon that became known as " Brownian motion ".

Hippolyte Fizeau discovered independently the same phenomenon on electromagnetic waves in 1848 ( in France, the effect is sometimes called " l ' effet Doppler-Fizeau " but that name was not adopted by the rest of the world as Fizeau's discovery was three years after Doppler's ).

The phenomenon was further investigated by Ampère, who discovered that two parallel current-carrying wires exerted a force upon each other: two wires conducting currents in the same direction are attracted to each other, while wires containing currents in opposite directions are forced apart.

Then, somewhat later that same month, there was a meeting in Washington where the possible importance of the newly discovered phenomenon of fission was first discussed in semi-jocular earnest as a possible source of nuclear power.

" This phenomenon, known as kindling ( by analogy with the use of burning twigs to start a larger fire ) was discovered by Dr. Graham Goddard in 1967.

In 1938, Russian physicist Pyotr Leonidovich Kapitsa discovered that helium-4 has almost no viscosity at temperatures near absolute zero, a phenomenon now called superfluidity.

This is a quantum phenomenon discovered by Einstein who derived the relationship between the A coefficient describing spontaneous emission and the B coefficient which applies to absorption and stimulated emission.

He also discovered the phenomenon now called Rayleigh scattering, explaining why the sky is blue, and predicted the existence of the surface waves now known as Rayleigh waves.

The next important step in understanding superconductivity occurred in 1933, when Meissner and Ochsenfeld discovered that superconductors expelled applied magnetic fields, a phenomenon which has come to be known as the Meissner effect.

He soon discovered the phenomenon upon which depends the action of the Crookes radiometer, in which a system of vanes, each blackened on one side and polished on the other, is set in rotation when exposed to radiant energy.

In 1903, Crookes turned his attention to the newly discovered phenomenon of radioactivity, achieving the separation from uranium of its active transformation product, uranium-X ( later established to be protactinium ).

* Werner Israel, physicist who discovered the important phenomenon of mass inflation, and together with Stephen Hawking, coeditor of two important celebratory volumes

At first Hertz thought the electrical disturbances would be too turbulent and irregular to be of any further use, but when he had discovered the existence of a neutral point in the middle of a side-conductor, and therefore of a clear and orderly phenomenon, he felt convinced that the problem of the Berlin Academy was now capable of solution.

This phenomenon was first discovered in animal studies by Arnsten and colleagues, who have shown that stress-induced catecholamine release in PFC rapidly decreases PFC neuronal firing and impairs working memory performance through feedforward, intracellular signaling pathways.

Ptolemy used these observations to confirm precession of the equinoxes, a phenomenon that had been discovered by Hipparchus in the 2nd century BCE.

The German physicists Walther Meissner and Robert Ochsenfeld discovered the phenomenon in 1933 by measuring the magnetic field distribution outside superconducting tin and lead samples.

The Mössbauer effect, or recoilless nuclear resonance fluorescence ‎, is a physical phenomenon discovered by Rudolf Mössbauer in 1958.

The phenomenon of heteroecy was first discovered by A. S. Ørsted in 1863.

While investigating this phenomenon, researchers discovered that static electricity could cause low-pressure air to glow.

Galvani referred to the phenomenon as animal electricity, believing that he had discovered a distinct form of electricity.

This phenomenon was discovered by Jean-Baptiste Biot, Augustin Fresnel, and Aimé Cotton in the first half of the 19th century.

In 1896, Henri Becquerel was investigating phosphorescence in uranium salts when he discovered a new phenomenon which came to be called radioactivity.

The 30 ° angle of the escalators was discovered to be crucial to the incident and the large number of casualties in the fire was an indirect consequence of a fluid flow phenomenon that was later named the trench effect ; this phenomenon was completely unknown prior to the fire.