Empirical arguments for ethics run into the is-ought problem, which assert that the way the world is cannot alone instruct people how they ought to act.

Empirical methods are studied extensively in the philosophy of science but cannot be used directly in fields whose hypotheses are not invalidated by real experiment ( mathematics, theology, ideology ).

Empirical treatment should also be considered if a lumbar puncture, to collect CSF for laboratory testing, cannot be done within 30 minutes of admission to hospital.

Empirical evidence suggests that Falwell ’ s claim about the role of Christian Right organizations in Reagan ’ s victory has some truth, though difficult to determine definitively.

Empirical studies by Amos Tversky questioned the assumption that investors are rational.

In other words, theoria places primacy of experience and observation over a speculative, discursive, rational analysis ( Orthodox Empirical theology ).

Empirical analyses tend to support the theoretical prediction that poor countries should grow faster than rich countries because they can adopt cutting edge technologies already tried and tested by rich countries.

Empirical research is a way of gaining knowledge by means of direct and indirect observation or experience.

Empirical knowledge is developed from experience of a relational universe whose components and attributes are defined and measured in terms of intellectually constructed laws.

# Empirical techniques, laid out in a section usually called " Materials and Methods ", should be described in such a way that a subsequent scientist, with appropriate knowledge of and experience in the relevant field, should be able to repeat the observations and know whether he or she has obtained the same result.

# Empirical Cessationism: founded on a posteriori grounds, i. e. on experience or empiria.

In July 2004 the American Psychological Association issued a statement that DADT " discriminates on the basis of sexual orientation " and that " Empirical evidence fails to show that sexual orientation is germane to any aspect of military effectiveness including unit cohesion, morale, recruitment and retention.

* What is Empirical Research?

Empirical studies supporting the predictions of RFT suggest that children learn language via a system of inherent reinforcements, challenging the view that language acquisition is based upon innate, language-specific cognitive capacities.

The researcher ( s ) then analyzes and interprets the data via a variety of statistical methods, engaging in what is known as Empirical research.

Empirical studies of 20th century cartels have determined that the mean duration of discovered cartels is from 5 to 8 years.

Empirical observation is used to determine the acceptability of hypotheses within a theory.

Empirical evidence is mixed with higher support in better studies according to Cronk in a 2007 review.

Empirical treatment should generally be started in a patient in whom suspicion of diphtheria is high.

* Empirical formula of a material that is free of excessive surface contamination

Brentano is best known for his reintroduction of the concept of intentionality — a concept derived from scholastic philosophy — to contemporary philosophy in his lectures and in his work Psychologie vom Empirischen Standpunkte ( Psychology from an Empirical Standpoint ).

Empirical temperature and its scale is usually defined on the principles of thermodynamics equilibrium by the zeroth law of thermodynamics.

" Empirical evidence on this matter is still very tentative.

The Post Card ( Bengali: প ো স ্ ট ক া র ্ ড ) is the largest circulating Bangla quarterly magazine in Bangladesh Published in 1 April 2012. This Magazine represent the Progressive Class which is Based on Empirical and Dialectical Point of view.

Empirical analysis in this framework studies the " sequential process through which the economic, industrial and institutional structure of an underdeveloped economy is transformed over time to permit new industries to replace traditional agriculture as the engine of economic growth.

In the posthumously published Sense and Sensibilia Austin criticises sense-data theories of perception, particularly that of A. J. Ayer in The Foundations of Empirical Knowledge. Central to his case is an attack on a common argument from illusion ( i. e., that cases of perceptual illusion show that on such occasions what we are directly aware of are mental images ) and the " further bit of argument intended to establish that ... always perceive sense-data.

Empirical knowledge about child sexual behavior is not usually gathered by direct interviews of children, partly due to ethical consideration.

Empirical data is data produced by an observation or experiment.

Additionally, the Journal of Empirical Legal Studies is a peer-reviewed journal that is published by Cornell Law faculty.

Empirical evidence suggests that countries with strong property rights systems have economic growth rates almost twice as high as those of countries with weak property rights systems, and that a market system with significant private property rights is an essential condition for democracy.

Empirical data suggest that Windows ( using the Windows sleep timer which accepts millisecond sleep times ) will schedule on a 1024 Hz clock and will delay 24 of 1024 transitions per second to make an average of 1000 Hz for the update rate.

Empirical evidence for the success of trade can be seen in the contrast between countries such as South Korea, which adopted a policy of export-oriented industrialization, and India, which historically had a more closed policy ( although it has begun to open its economy, as of 2005 ).

Empirical thermometers are not in general necessarily in exact agreement with absolute thermometers as to their numerical scale readings, but to qualify as thermometers at all they must agree with absolute thermometers and with each other in the following way: given any two bodies isolated in their separate respective thermodynamic equilibrium states, all thermometers agree as to which of the two has the higher temperature, or that the two have equal temperatures.

Empirical models that attempt to estimate the public investment and economic growth link involve a wide variety including: the Cobb-Douglas production function ; a behavioral approach cost / profit function which includes public capital stock ; Vector Auto Regression ( VAR ) models ; and government investment growth regressions.

He wrote The Logic of Chance which introduced the frequency interpretation or frequency theory of probability in 1866, Symbolic Logic which introduced the Venn diagrams in 1881, and The Principles of Empirical Logic in 1889.

Empirical thermometers are not in general necessarily in exact agreement with each other or with absolute thermometers as to their numerical scale readings, but to qualify as thermometers at all they must agree with absolute thermometers and with each other in the following way: given any two bodies isolated in their separate respective thermodynamic equilibrium states, all thermometers agree as to which of the two has the higher temperature, or that the two have equal temperatures.

Empirical research was conducted which brought to light the specific distinguishing characteristics of services.

He solidified this idea in his 1970 article, " Efficient Capital Markets: A Review of Theory and Empirical Work ", which brought the idea of efficient markets into the forefront of modern economic theory.

Empirical Bayes methods are procedures for statistical inference in which the prior distribution is estimated from the data.

Empirical risk minimization ( ERM ) is a principle in statistical learning theory which defines a family of learning algorithms and is used to give theoretical bounds on the performance of learning algorithms.

Empirical risk minimization principle states that the learning algorithm should choose a hypothesis which minimizes the empirical risk:

* Empirical approach by which the hydraulic conductivity is correlated to soil properties like pore size and particle size ( grain size ) distributions, and soil texture