An example of the fasces are the remains of bronze rods and the axe from a tomb in Etruscan Vetulonia.

The road then runs due north, considerable remains of its pavement being extant under the modern road, passing slightly east of the site of the Etruscan Falerii ( Civita Castellana ), crossing the Tiber into Umbria over a bridge some slight vestiges of which can still be seen, the " Pile d ' Augusto ".

It remains mostly untranslated because of the lack of knowledge about the Etruscan language, though the few words which can be understood indicate that the text is most likely a ritual calendar.

In addition to remains of Etruscan structures there is a distinct site representing a hamlet of the Apennine Culture that was occupied continuously from the late Neolithic through the Eneolithic, indicating that the population existed before the Apennine and adopted it by cultural diffusion.

On the acropolis and in a plain to the east, Tre Breci, is a site continuously occupied from the Neolithic to the Iron Age, in addition to the remains of Etruscan Luni ( which was then in Etruria ) on a higher plateau nearby.

Fiesole ( Etruscan Viesul, Viśl, Vipsul ) was probably founded in the 9th-8th century BC, as it was an important member of the Etruscan confederacy, as may be seen from the remains of its ancient walls.

From a very early period he had been attracted to the special study of Etruscan remains, and had at various times given occasional expression to his opinions on individual points ; but it was not till 1870 that he had the opportunity of visiting Italy and completing his equipment for a formal treatment of the whole subject by personal inspection of the monuments.

In addition to the remains found in the graves, which belong mainly to the period of Etruscan domination and give ample evidence of material prosperity and refinement, the earlier strata have yielded more primitive remains from the Italic epoch.

The most important site in the comune is Saturnia, an old Etruscan town with medieval walls, remains of a Roman road, and best known for its thermal springs dating to the Roman period and still in use today.

In and below the grounds of the Villa Aria, close to the city, are the remains of an Etruscan town of the 5th century BC, Misa, protected on the west by the mountains, on the east and south by the river, which by a change of course has destroyed about half of it.

The most notable attraction are the ancient remains in Vetulonia, one of the leading Etruscan cities.

No Etruscan remains have come to light.

Little physical evidence remains from the period of Etruscan or later Roman settlement.

More recent excavations, however, have found the remains of an Etruscan city wall ( c. 4th century BC ) underneath the current Piazzale del Cassero, and have discovered the remains of an Etruscan temple under one of the town's churches, la chiesa di Sant ' Angelo, which was built in the twelfth century.

The Etruscan Museum of Chiusi is one of the most important repositories of Etruscan remains in Italy.

The site has archaeological treasures dating from the Paleolithic and Villanovan eras ; Etruscan remains have also been found.

The stone coffers of the ancient Greeks and Romans are the earliest surviving examples, but a seventh-century BC Etruscan chamber tomb in the necropolis of San Giuliano, which is cut in soft tufa-like stone reproduces a ceiling with beams and cross-beams lying on them, with flat panels fillings the lacunae.

At the site of old San Lorenzo are Etruscan antiquities.

* transliteration of a letter of the Etruscan alphabet, related to San and Tsade.

On an Etruscan mirror Thesan is shown carrying off a young man, whose name is inscribed as Tinthu </ small >.

In Plutarch, the digging of such a pit to receive first-fruits and small quantities of native soil was an Etruscan colonial city-foundation rite.

The largest species is the Asian house shrew ( Suncus murinus ) of tropical Asia, which is about 15 cm long and weighs around 100 grams ; several are very small, notably the Etruscan shrew ( Suncus etruscus ) which at about 3. 5 cm and 2 grams is the smallest living terrestrial mammal.

According to the Life contained in the manuscripts, Persius was born into an equestrian family at Volterra ( Volaterrae, in Latin ), a small Etruscan city in the province of Pisa, of good stock on both parents ' side.

The extensive Greek, Roman and Etruscan Collection comprises marble statues, small terra cotta statues, reliefs, pottery and other artifacts.

Certain local gods mentioned within the text allow the Liber Linteus's place of production to be narrowed to a small area in the southeast of Tuscany near Lake Trasimeno, where four major Etruscan cities were located: modern day Arezzo, Perugia, Chiusi and Cortona.

The Library-Dining Room reflects the influence of Etruscan tombs and perhaps even gothic design in its repertoire of small pendants like those in fan vaulting.

The main competitors for the title are small shrews ; in particular, the Etruscan shrew may be lighter at but is longer, measuring from its head to the base of the tail.

Vignola, whose name derives from the Latin vineola (" small vine ") is located near an ancient Etruscan road connecting Bologna to Parma.

Lucius ( Greek: Λούκιος / Loukios, Etruscan: Luvcie ) is a male given name derived from Lucius ( abbreviated L .), one of the small group of common Latin forenames ( praenomina ) found in the culture of ancient Rome.

Ruscio is a small fraction near Monteleone di Spoleto which is the village where the celebrated Etruscan chariot was found, that is now in the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York.

The hill upon which Montalcino sits has been settled probably since Etruscan times.

Etruscan settlements were frequently built on a hill — the steeper the better — and surrounded by thick walls.

Etruscan chamber-tombs nearby include the Tanella di Pitagora ( halfway up the hill from Camucia ): the fine masonry of the tomb stands exposed, but was formerly covered by an earth mound.

However, the area was already settled in Etruscan and Roman times, and a medieval castle ( Castello di Valli ), whose ruins overlook now the modern town from a nearby hill, existed since at least 884.

George Dennis pointed out that the town of Bolsena has no Etruscan characteristics ; for example, Etruscan cities were built on defensible crags, which the hill on which the castle is situated is not.

At the moment he was excited about his son's having received the Prix De Rome in archaeology and was looking forward to being present this summer at the excavation of an Etruscan tomb.

Since some of the Roman months were named in honor of divinities, and as April was sacred to the goddess Venus, the Festum Veneris et Fortunae Virilis being held on the first day, it has been suggested that Aprilis was originally her month Aphrilis, from her equivalent Greek goddess name Aphrodite ( Aphros ), or from the Etruscan name Apru.

In Etruscan legend, he was known as Aivas Vilates.

In Greek mythology, Daedalus ( Latin, also Hellenized Latin Daedalos, Greek Daidalos () meaning " cunning worker ", and Etruscan Taitale ) was a skillful craftsman and artisan.

An early image of winged Daedalus appears on an Etruscan jug of ca 630 BC found at Cerveteri, where a winged figure captioned Taitale appears on one side of the vessel, paired on the other side, uniquely, with Metaia, Medea: " its linking of these two mythical figures is unparalleled ," Robin Lane Fox observes: " The link was probably based on their wondrous, miraculous art.

The Etruscan language was spoken and written by the Etruscan civilization, in what is present-day Italy, in the ancient region of Etruria ( modern Tuscany plus western Umbria and northern Latium ) and in parts of Lombardy, Veneto, and Emilia-Romagna ( where the Etruscans were displaced by Gauls ).

Etruscan was superseded completely by Latin, leaving only a few documents and some loanwords in Latin, such as persona ( from Etruscan φersu ), and some place-names, such as Roma.

Etruscan literacy was widespread over the Mediterranean shores, as evidenced by about 13, 000 inscriptions ( dedications, epitaphs, etc.

The last person known to have been able to read Etruscan was the Roman emperor Claudius ( 10 BC – AD 54 ), the author of a treatise in twenty volumes on the Etruscans, Tyrrenikà ( now lost ), who compiled a dictionary ( also lost ) by interviewing the last few elderly rustics who still spoke the language.

Urgulanilla, the emperor's first wife, was Etruscan.

The single extant Etruscan book, Liber Linteus, which was written on linen, survived only because it was used as mummy wrappings.

Bonfante, a leading scholar in the field, says "... it resembles no other language in Europe or elsewhere ...." The ancients were aware that Etruscan was an isolate.

In the 1st century BC, the Greek historian Dionysius of Halicarnassus stated that the Etruscan language was unlike any other.

In 1861, Robert Ellis proposed that Etruscan was related to Armenian, which is nowadays acknowledged as an Indo-European language.

The Latin script owes its existence to the Etruscan alphabet, which was adapted for Latin in the form of the Old Italic alphabet.

The Etruscan alphabet employs a Euboean variant of the Greek alphabet using the letter digamma and was in all probability transmitted through Pithecusae and Cumae, two Euboean settlements in southern Italy.

The main material repository of Etruscan civilization, from the modern perspective, was its tombs.

In this function, it was borrowed in the 8th century BC by the Etruscan and other Old Italic alphabets, which were based on the Euboean form of the Greek alphabet.

The topos of Heracles suckling at Hera's breast was especially popular in Magna Graecia, here on a mid-4th century Apulia n painted vase ; Etruscan mythology adopted this iconic image

The factory was so-named after the Etruria district of Italy, where black porcelain dating to Etruscan times was being excavated.