Drawn from life by the historian Matthew Paris for his Chronica Majora, it can be seen in his bestiary at Parker Library of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, with an accompanying text revealing that at the time, Europeans believed that elephants did not have knees and so were unable to get up if they fell over.

Eighty-seven per cent of Europeans considered climate change to be a very serious or serious problem, while ten per cent did not consider it a serious problem.

European military conflict did not cease, but had less disruptive effects on the lives of Europeans.

Lake Erie was the last of the Great Lakes to be explored by Europeans, since the Iroquois who occupied the Niagara River area were in conflict with the French, and they did not allow explorers or traders to pass through.

As Arab contact with the West expanded, so too did the game and its various permutations, and by the twelfth century, chess was becoming an entertaining diversion among a growing population of Europeans, including some scholars, clergy, the aristocracy, and the merchant classes ; thus, by the thirteenth century, the iconography and symbolism associated with chess would have been accessible and familiar to Alfonso and his literate court culture, who may have had access to the private library, and manuscripts, of Alfonso, including the Libro de juegos.

Marco Polo (; ; September 15, 1254 – January 9, 1324 ) was a Venetian merchant traveler whose travels are recorded in Il Milione, a book which did much to introduce Europeans to Central Asia and China.

However, rather than making incisions in the bark as the indigenous inhabits did, the Europeans opted to use the less destructive method of drilling tapholes in the trunks with augers.

Prior to the arrival of the Europeans, the Mesoamerican diet did not include dairy products, so cheese making was unknown.

In the east, where the Europeans did not settle, most indigenous groups survived.

Contact with Europeans began in the early 18th century but did not intensify until the arrival of the British.

" The established arrangement between Europeans and the Koya Temne did not include provisions for permanent settlement, and some historians question how well the Koya leaders understood the agreement.

Europeans did not return until 1768, when Louis Antoine de Bougainville rediscovered the islands.

Generally, Europeans did not drink cappuccino with meals other than breakfast, preferring espresso throughout the day and following dinner.

The Europeans did not consider them prizes and prevented the Indians from stripping the prisoners of their valuables, which angered the Indians.

Many local rulers in small, isolated communities did not understand or, more often, were misled by the Europeans about the significance of treaties that compromised their authority.

The Europeans did, however, bring devastating diseases affecting both people and animals.

The Europeans never did catch on and were frequently viewed by the natives as welchers on the implied pledge of alliance they'd entered into by accepting the gifts.

After observing that Europeans were just as eager to trade with their enemies as themselves, the natives did eventually get the picture ; but especially in New France, in Carolina, Virginia, and New England and in New Netherlands the Europeans became drawn into the endemic warfare of their trading partners.

" The established arrangement between Europeans and the Koya Temne did not include provisions for permanent settlement, and some historians question how well the Koya leaders understood the agreement.

Still others suggest that the two groups are related but not identical, and that differences between them were exacerbated by Europeans, or by a gradual, natural split, as those who owned cattle became known as Tutsi and those who did not became Hutu.

The Americans did not share the Europeans ' and Russians ' historical fears over German expansionism, but wished to ensure that Germany would stay within NATO.

Europeans were unable to make soy sauce because they did not understand the function of Aspergillus oryzae, the fungus used in its brewing.

In the course of his examinations of the visual acuity of the natives, Rivers showed that colour-blindness did not exist or was very rare, but that the colour vision of Papuans was not the same type as that of Europeans ; they possessed no word for blue, and an intelligent native found nothing unnatural in applying the same name to the brilliant blue sea or sky and to the deepest black.

Before Europeans discovered other oceans, the term " ocean " itself was synonymous with the waters beyond the Strait of Gibraltar that we now know as the Atlantic.

* Example: " You want to know what I really think of the Europeans?

The short name, " Pima " is believed to have come from the phrase pi ' añi mac or pi mac, meaning " I don't know ," used repeatedly in their initial meeting with Europeans.

As the Europeans did not know of any Indian cultures that had a writing system, they assumed a different group had created them.

From Catholic traders he had learnt that Ethiopia ( i. e. Abyssinia and Nubia ) was accessible to Western Europeans ; at this very time, as we know from other sources, the earliest Latin missionaries penetrated thither.

In 1889 Jackson led an IBEAC expedition to open up the regions between Mombasa and Lake Victoria, which was poorly know to Europeans at that time, and if possible to obtain news of Emin Pasha.

The first Europeans to reach the Bandas, the expedition remained in Banda for about one month, purchasing and filling their ships with Banda's nutmeg and mace, and with cloves in which Banda had a thriving entrepôt trade.

Changes in educational establishments came about as Americans and Europeans felt they had fallen behind the Soviet Union technologically after the success of Sputnik in October, 1957.

Until Henry's time, Cape Bojador remained the most southerly point known to Europeans on the unpromising desert coast of Africa, although the Periplus of the Carthaginian Hanno the Navigator described a journey farther south about 2, 000 years earlier.

Non-African groups ( Arabs, Indians and Europeans ) are estimated to total to about 1 %.

Other Europeans who traveled to Khanbaliq during the Yuan Dynasty, such as Giovanni de ' Marignolli and Odoric of Pordenone, said nothing about the wall either.

Its population is approximately 58 percent indigenous Nauruan and 26 percent other Pacific Islander, with sizable minorities of both Europeans and Chinese, each numbering about 8 percent respectively.

Some Native Americans captured Europeans and used them as both labourers and bargaining chips ; see for example John R. Jewitt, an Englishman who wrote a memoir about his years as a captive of the Nootka people on the Pacific Northwest Coast from 1802 – 1805.

Before the 1997 war, about 15, 000 Europeans and other non-Africans lived in Congo, most of whom were French.

As Europeans encountered people from different parts of the world, they speculated about the physical, social, and cultural differences among various human groups.

Drawing on Classical sources and upon their own internal interactions — for example, the hostility between the English and Irish was a powerful influence on early European thinking about the differences between people — Europeans began to sort themselves and others into groups based on physical appearance, and to attribute to individuals belonging to these groups behaviors and capacities which were claimed to be deeply ingrained.

The authors reported that surveys have found about one fifth to one quarter of Europeans have some level of belief in reincarnation, with similar results found in the USA.

In addition, about 5, 000 Lebanese, 1000 Indians, and 5, 000 Europeans reside in the country.

Out of 360 Europeans, about 200 were captured alive, and the sepoys, who were about 3800 men, suffered very high casualties.

In the 1870s, a further 100, 000 Europeans arrived, so that by 1879 about 438, 000 people were living in Uruguay, a quarter of them in Montevideo.

Significantly, about 20 % of the conference delegates were from Africa, with Filipinos and Europeans making up another 10 %.

The ancient customs of the Ni-Vanuatu meant that land was held in trust for future generations by the current custodians ; Europeans viewed it more as a commodity and owned about 30 % of the land area.

It is virtually non-existent in Asian and African populations and is found in about 99. 9 % of Europeans.

In his famous essay " Of Cannibals " ( 1580 ), Michel de Montaigne, himself a Catholic, reported that the Tupinambá people of Brazil ceremoniously eat the bodies of their dead enemies as a matter of honor, but he reminded his readers that Europeans behave even more barbarously when they burn each other alive for disagreeing about religion ( he implies ): " One calls ' barbarism ' whatever he is not accustomed to.

Pope Benedict XVI, Marcello Pera and others have argued that after about 1960, Europeans massively abandoned many traditional norms rooted in Christianity and replaced them with continuously evolving relative moral rules.

In the 19th century, the ideology of nationalism transformed the way Europeans thought about the state.

Originally living in settlements, they adopted a nomadic lifestyle about 1800 to escape incursions by Europeans.

Other Europeans depended for their view of Polish Sarmatism on Miechowita's Tractatus de Duabus Sarmatiis, a work which provided a substantial source of information about the territories and peoples of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in a language of international currency.