Author of the Albany Plan Of Union, which, had it been adopted, might have avoided the Revolution, he fought the colonists' front-line battles in London, negotiated the treaty of alliance with France and the peace that ended the war, headed the state government of Pennsylvania, and exercised an important moderating influence at the Federal Convention.

Many believe -- and understandably -- that the great difference between the Constitution of the Southern Confederacy and the Federal Constitution was that the former recognized the right of each state to secede.

If your state has no provisions for the numbering of pleasure boats, you must apply for a number from the U.S. Coast Guard for any kind of boat with mechanical propulsion rated at more than 10 horsepower before it can be used on Federal waterways.

Federal assistance is limited to half of the total expenditure, and the state or local districts must pay at least half.

Throughout the history of the program, state government expenditures in the aggregate have usually matched or exceeded the Federal expenditures, while local districts all together have spent more than either Federal or state governments.

There is a need for an expanded Federal effort to provide research and information to help guide state education departments and local school boards in existing programs.

It suggests that during the next several months, through the spring of 1961, the demand for long-term capital funds may be moderately lower and that interest rates may tend to move a little lower, especially the rates on Federal, state, and local bonds, as well as those on publicly offered corporate bonds.

Federal review of state decisions

Graft in the construction of highways and other public works has brought on state and Federal investigations.

A rule on the Federal deductibility of state taxes is contested.

The corporation, in filing its final Federal income return, claimed the state tax payment as a deductible expense, as permitted under U.S. tax law.

According to Arkansas state and Federal law, a seriously mentally impaired inmate cannot be executed.

Costa Rica became a state in the Federal Republic of Central America.

In the 2011 court case AT & T Mobility v. Concepcion, the U. S. Supreme Court ruled in a 5-4 decision that the Federal Arbitration Act of 1925 preempts state laws that prohibit contracts from disallowing class action lawsuits, which will make it more difficult for consumers to file class action lawsuits.

These include Ciudad Cuauhtémoc in Chihuahua and the Cuauhtémoc borough of the Mexican Federal District, as well as Ciudad Cuauhtémoc, in the state of Veracruz.

This is not a Federal state however, simply a decentralized one, as the majority of the domains of power are still vested in the Central government.

Until this German Federal legislation was introduced, there were no recognised mechanism to prevent administrators in private bodies and civil servants in public-funded bodies ( such as universities ) from automatically discriminating between the qualifications of people with German doctorates compared to holders of doctorates from an EU member state.

Federal law allows a national bank to " import " these laws from the state in which its principal office is located.

It remains wholly a Federal property, however, and these legal decisions do not result in either state taking any fiscal or physical responsibility for the maintenance, preservation, or improvement of any of the historic properties.

In the United States, Rule 11 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure and similar state rules require that an attorney perform a due diligence investigation concerning the factual basis for any claim or defense.

Federal jurisdiction in this sense is important in criminal law because federal law, being based on a concept of enumerated powers, does not deal with crimes as comprehensively as the laws of any particular state.

For subject matter jurisdiction, the claims in the case must either: ( 1 ) raise a Federal Question ( i. e., a cause of action or defense arising under the Constitution, a Federal statute, or the law of admiralty ); or have diversity of parties ( i. e., all of the defendants are from a different state than the Plaintiff ), and have an amount in controversy that exceeds a monetary threshold ( which changes from time to time, but is $ 75, 000 as of 2011 ).

As an administrator, I cannot place the Employment Service in California in jeopardy of being out of compliance with the Federal laws by my failure to pursue the avenues of appeal open to me.

These successes were followed by the enactment of a whole series of laws regulating waste ( Resource Conservation and Recovery Act ), toxic substances ( Toxic Substances Control Act ), pesticides ( FIFRA: Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act ), clean-up of polluted sites ( Superfund ), protection of endangered species ( Endangered Species Act ), and more.

The DOJ and the Federal Trade Commission in 2005 advocated against state laws, supported by NAR, that disadvantage new kinds of brokers.

Firearm laws in Australia are enforced at a Federal and State level.

The Fifth Amendment has an explicit requirement that the Federal Government not deprive individuals of " life, liberty, or property ", without due process of the law and an implicit guarantee that each person receive equal protection of the laws.

Seventeen years later the Federal Parliament repealed the laws.

Federal districts ' envoys serve as liaisons between the federal subjects and the federal government and are primarily responsible for overseeing the compliance of the federal subjects with the federal laws.

Mexico and Colombia both have specific laws that define the participation in criminal organizations as a separate crime ( see Ley Federal contra la Delincuencia Organizada ), and separate laws that allow the seizure of goods related with these crimes.

Amendments of the Federal Constitution of Switzerland, the joining of international organizations or changes to federal laws that have no foundation in the constitution but if in force for more than one year must be approved by the majority of both the people and the cantons, a ( double majority ).

The Federal Supreme Court has established that treaties are subject to constitutional review and enjoy the same hierarchical position as ordinary legislation ( leis ordinárias, or " ordinary laws ", in Portuguese ).

The Code of Federal Regulations is the Internal Revenue Service's own regulatory interpretation of the federal tax laws passed by Congress, which carry the weight of law if the interpretation is reasonable.

In Buckley v. Valeo,, the Supreme Court affirmed the constitutionality of some parts, while declaring other parts unconstitutional, of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 and related laws.

According to former Libertarian National Committee Chairman Mark Hinkle, " Federal anti-obscenity laws are unconstitutional in two ways.

Federal employees complaining of discrimination, retaliation or other violations of the civil rights laws have 45 days to make a written complaint to their agency's equal employment opportunity ( EEO ) officer.

* December 12 – The Supreme Court of the United States upholds a lower Federal Court ruling that the State of Louisiana's laws on racial segregation laws are unconstitutional, and overturns them.

: Whenever the President considers that unlawful obstructions, assemblages, or rebellion make it impracticable to enforce the laws of the United States in any State or Territory, he may call into Federal service such of the militia of any State.

Uniformed Law Enforcement Officers ( LEO ) enforce Federal laws and regulations governing National Forest Lands and resources.

Additionally, Louis J. Freeh, a former director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, will serve as an independent monitor to oversee Daimler ’ s compliance with anti-bribery laws.

It threatened to secede from the Union if the Federal government tried to enforce the tariff laws.

This is an American law, however, the Federal Trade Commission has made it clear that the requirements of COPPA will apply to foreign-operated web sites if such sites " are directed to children in the U. S. or knowingly collect information from children in the U. S ." Other countries like Australia have made similar laws protecting children under 13 online.