The Scottish poem Flyting of Dunbar and Kennedy, which is dated before 1520 ( the generally accepted date prior to the death of William Dunbar, one of the composers ), refers to ' haggeis '.

He was probably a native of East Lothian, as assumed from a satirical reference in the Flyting of Dunbar and Kennedie where it is also hinted that he was a member of the noble house of Dunbar.

In The Flyting of Dunbar and Kennedy, an outstanding specimen of a favourite northern form, analogous to the continental estrif, or tenzone, he and his rival reach a height of scurrility which is certainly without parallel in English literature.

Flyting or fliting is a contest consisting of the exchange of insults, often conducted in verse, between two parties.

Flyting is a ritual, poetic exchange of insults practiced mainly between the 5th and 16th centuries.

It has the incidental interest of showing ( especially in stanzas 62 and 63 ) the antipathy of the " Inglis-speaking Scot " to the " Scots-speaking Gael " of the west, as is also shown in Dunbar's Flyting with Kennedy.

The flyting was a formalized sequence of literary insults: ' invective or flyting, the literary equivalent of the spell-binding curse, uses similar incantatory devices for opposite reasons, as in Dunbar's Flyting with Kennedy '.

Flyting also existed in Arabic poetry in a popular form called naqa ' id, as well as the competitive verses of Japanese Haikai.

The Flyting of Dumbar and Kennedie records a contest between William Dunbar and Walter Kennedy in front of James IV, which includes the earliest recorded use of the word shit as a personal insult.

Of his shorter pieces, The Complaynt and Publict Confessions of the Kingis Auld Hound, callit Bagsche, directit to Bawtie, the Kingis best belovit Dog, and his companyconis, and the Answer to the Kingis Flyting have a like pulpit resonance.

It ranged from devout religious pieces such as The Tabill of Confession through thoughtful meditations such as the famous Lament for the Makars to outrageous entertainments typified by the notorious Flyting with Kennedy and boisterous satires including The Fenyeit Freir of Tungland.

Flyting became public entertainment in Scotland in the 15th and 16th centuries where makars would engage in verbal contests of provocative, often sexual and scatological but highly poetic abuse.

Flyting was permitted despite the fact that the penalty for profanities in public was a fine of 20 shillings ( over £ 300 in prices ) for a lord or a whipping for servant.

* The Flyting betwixt Montgomery and Polwart.

The personal quality of Samuel Beckett is similar to qualities I had found in the plays.

The career of Charles 12, is obviously very similar to that of Napoleon.

A similar amateurish characteristic is revealed in Adams' failure to check the accuracy and authenticity of his informational sources.

But there is, nevertheless, always a subtle difference in the way in which supposedly similar opinions are held.

First of all there is ample area in East Greenwich already zoned in the classification similar to that which petitioner requested.

What was missing in the Governor's argument, as in so many similar arguments, was a premise which would enable one to make the ethical leap from what might be militarily desirable to what is right.

Although a similar situs for tangible property is mentioned in the statute, this is cancelled out by the provision that definite kinds of property `` and all other tangible property '' situated or being in any town is taxable where the property is situated.

The resulting setup, it was declared, `` would be similar to that which is in successful operation in a number of metropolitan counties as large or larger than Rhode Island ''.

Super-Set No. 2 is made up of similar exercises, but this time done with dumbbells, and using both `` moon '' and flat benches.

Chuck a length of 1/8'' '' dia. drill rod into a drill press or some similar turning device and while it is rotating file the end square and then file a slight taper 1/8'' '' long.

There is the free intra-city `` rent it here, leave it there '' service, as an example, the free delivery and collection at the airport, dockside or your hotel, luggage racks, touring documents and information and other similar services.

There is one exception to the above statement as has been pointed out, and that is that fluids can relax by flowing into fields of lower rates of shear, so the statement should be modified by stating that the mechanics are similar.

) This is, of course, a similar type of behavior to that indicated by birefringence studies.

The life history of the alkali bee is similar to that of Andrena, but the first activity of the adults does not take place until summer, and the individuals hibernate in the prepupal stage.

In litters of eight mice from similar parents, the number of mice with straight instead of wavy hair is an integer from 0 to 8.

This theorem is similar to the theorem of Kakutani that there exists a circumscribing cube around any closed, bounded convex set in Af.

In hunger stimulates man too the situation is very similar.

) These general facts are mentioned to make clear that the total situation in the two families is similar enough to warrant comparison.

It will be seen that where the scope is similar, the Athabascan ratios come out somewhat higher ( as indeed they ought to with a total ratio of 2.8 as against 3.5 or 4: 5 ) except for verbs, where alone the Athabascan ratio is lower.

For example, suppose another excess profits tax similar to prior laws is enacted, providing for carryover of excess profits credits.

The fact is due mainly to international wars, both hot and cold.

There is much truth in both these charges, and not many Bourbons deny them.

It is well then that in this hour both of `` national peril '' and of `` national opportunity '' we can take counsel with the men who made the nation.

Westbrook further bemoans the Southern writers' creation of an unreal image of their homeland, which is too readily assimilated by both foreign readers and visiting Yankees: `` Our northerner is suspicious of all this crass evidence ( of urbanization ) presented to his senses.

It is much less difficult now than in Lincoln's day to see that on both sides sovereign Americans had given their lives in the Civil War to maintain the balance between the powers they had delegated to the States and to their Union.

For the family is the simplest example of just such a unit, composed of people, which gives us both some immunity from, and a way of dealing with, other people.

And it is certainly no slight to either of them to compare both their achievements and their impact.

For both Plato and Aristotle artistic mimesis, in contrast to the power of dialectic, is relatively incapable of expressing the character of fundamental reality.

Thus in both types attention is focused on the community itself, and its phenomenological life.

Each man, that is, is both one and many.

The Agreeable Autocracies is an attempt to explore some of the institutions which both reflect and determine the character of the free society today.

This is clear when one distinguishes the types of motion appropriate to both regions.

Her clothes, her hair, everything about her is both graceful and simple.

Conventional images of Jews have this in common with all perceptions of a configuration in which one feature is held constant: images can be both true and false.

`` History has this in common with every other science: that the historian is not allowed to claim any single piece of knowledge, except where he can justify his claim by exhibiting to himself in the first place, and secondly to any one else who is both able and willing to follow his demonstration, the grounds upon which it is based.

Master Gorton, having foully abused high and low at Aquidneck is now bewitching and bemaddening poor Providence, both with his unclean and foul censures of all the ministers of this country ( for which myself have in Christ's name withstood him ), and also denying all visible and external ordinances in depth of Familism: almost all suck in his poison, as at first they did at Aquidneck.

'' It is also worthy of note that Lot cited both Kemble and Lappenberg with favor in that article.

This, naturally, will be difficult to do since both the archaeological and place-name evidence in this period, with some fortunate exceptions, is insufficient for precise chronological purposes.

For the figure of Vincent Berger Malraux has obviously drawn on his studies of T. E. Lawrence ( though Berger fights on the side of the Turks instead of against them ), and like both Lawrence and Malraux himself he is a fervent admirer of Nietzsche.

If a broader Atlantic community is to be formed -- and my own judgment is that it lies within the realm of both our needs and our capacity -- a ready nucleus of machinery is at hand in the NATO alliance.