In 1162 Albert accompanied Emperor Frederick Barbarossa to Italy, where he distinguished himself at the storming of Milan.

It was contrary to Absalon's advice and warnings that Valdemar I rendered fealty to the emperor Frederick Barbarossa at Dole in 1162.

The result was the Hohenstaufen Frederick I ( Barbarossa ) 1152 – 1190 who came to power.

Between 1152 and 1190, during the reign of Frederick I ( Barbarossa ), of the Hohenstaufen dynasty, an accommodation was reached with the rival Guelph party by the grant of the duchy of Bavaria to Henry the Lion, duke of Saxony.

From 1184 to 1186, the Hohenstaufen empire under Frederick I Barbarossa reached its peak in the Reichsfest ( imperial celebrations ) held at Mainz and the marriage of his son Henry in Milan to the Norman princess Constance of Sicily.

The term sacrum ( i. e., " holy " in the sense of " consecrated ") in connection with the medieval Roman Empire was used from 1157, under Frederick I Barbarossa (" Holy Empire "; the form " Holy Roman Empire " is attested from 1254 onward ).

Conrad ousted the Welfs from their possessions, but after his death in 1152, his nephew Frederick I " Barbarossa " succeeded and made peace with the Welfs, restoring his cousin Henry the Lion to his — albeit diminished — possessions.

Frederick I, also called Frederick Barbarossa, was crowned Emperor in 1155.

In 1190, Frederick Barbarossa participated in the Third Crusade and died in Asia Minor.

In 1189, by imperial charter, Frederick I " Barbarossa " granted Hamburg the status of an Imperial Free City and tax-free access up the Lower Elbe into the North Sea.

Hildegard communicated with popes such as Eugene III and Anastasius IV, statesmen such as Abbot Suger, German emperors such as Frederick I Barbarossa, and other notable figures such as Saint Bernard of Clairvaux, who advanced her work, at the behest of her abbot, Kuno, at the Synod of Trier in 1147 and 1148.

Frederick III and I, known as Frederick Barbarossa because of his red beard, struggled throughout his reign to restore the power and prestige of the German monarchy against the dukes, whose power had grown both before and after the Investiture Controversy under his Salian predecessors.

Emperor Frederick Barbarossa and his sons King Henry VI and Duke Frederick V, Duke of Swabia | Frederick V of Swabia, Welfenchronik, 1167 / 79, Weingarten Abbey

* Frederick I Barbarossa, king 1152-1190, Emperor after 1155

Count Frederick III of Zollern was a loyal retainer of the Holy Roman Emperors Frederick Barbarossa and Henry VI, and around 1185 he married Sophia of Raabs, the daughter of Conrad II, Burgrave of Nuremberg.

* 1190 – Third Crusade: Frederick I Barbarossa drowns in the river Saleph while leading an army to Jerusalem.

Baldwin and his advisors recognised that it was essential for Sibylla to be married to a Western nobleman in order to access support from Europe in a military crisis ; while Raymond was still regent, a marriage was arranged for Sibylla and William of Montferrat, a cousin of Louis VII of France and of Frederick Barbarossa, Holy Roman Emperor.

The capture of the city led to the Third Crusade, launched in 1189 and led by Richard the Lionheart, Philip Augustus and Frederick Barbarossa, though the last drowned en route.

* 1152 – Frederick I Barbarossa is elected King of the Germans.

Operation Barbarossa was named after Frederick Barbarossa, the medieval German ruler who, as myth had it, would rescue Germany in her time of need.

Emperor Frederick II regained the city and the church by treaty in the 13th century, while he himself was under a ban of excommunication, leading to the curious result of the holiest church in Christianity being laid under interdict.

This process reached its apex in the 12th and 13th centuries, when different Lombard Leagues formed by allied cities of Lombardy, usually led by Milan, managed to defeat the Hohenstaufen Emperor Frederick I, at Legnano, and his grandson Frederick II, at Parma.

Leopard domestication has also been recorded — several leopards were kept in a menagerie established by King John at the Tower of London in the 13th century ; around 1235, three of these animals were given to Henry III by Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II.

From the late 12th to early 13th centuries, Apulia was a favorite residence of the Hohenstaufen emperors, notably Frederick II.

The 13th century village of Castroreale, home to a tower from a medieval castle built by King Frederick II of Aragon, is located nearby.

The division consisted of: the 1st Brigade of veterans of the Peninsular War under Major General Frederick Philipse Robinson, composed of the 3 / 27th, 39th, 76th and 88th Regiments of Foot ; the 2nd Brigade of troops already serving in Canada under Major General Thomas Brisbane and made up of the 2 / 8th, 13th and 49th Regiments of Foot, the Regiment de Meuron, the Canadian Voltigeurs and the Canadian Chasseurs ; and the 3rd Brigade of troops from the Peninsula and various garrisons under Major General Manley Power, consisting of the 3rd, 5th, 1 / 27th and 58th Regiments of Foot ).

( Because it was a common symbol in the region, it was the flag of the Lombard League, a coalition of city states including both Milan and Genoa that opposed Frederick Barbarossa in the 12th and 13th Century.

In 1149, by the marriage of Adela of Vohburg to the emperor Frederick I, Eger ( Cheb ) came into the possession of the House of Swabia, and remained in the hands of the emperors until the early 13th century, during which time it became an Imperial Free City.

In the 13th century, despite unsuccessful wars against emperor Frederick II, Piacenza managed to gain strongholds on the Lombardy shore of the Po River.

The avenue numbers increase incrementally, with the exception that what would be 13th Avenue is called Funston Avenue named for Frederick Funston, a U. S. Army general, famous for his exploits during the Spanish-American War, the Philippine-American War, and the 1906 Earthquake.

The opera of the puppets and the Sicilian tradition of cantastorî ( singers of tales ) are rooted in the Provençal troubadour tradition in Sicily during the reign of Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, in the first half of the 13th century.

* Frederick Henry Maitland, 13th Earl of Lauderdale ( 1840 – 1924 )

* Frederick Augustus Berkeley, 5th Earl of Berkeley, 13th Baron Berkeley ( 1745 – 1810 )

* George William Frederick Osborne, 6th Duke of Leeds, de jure 13th Baron Darcy de Knayth ( 1775 – 1838 )

* James Alastair Frederick Campbell Erskine-Murray, 13th Lord Elibank ( 1902 – 1973 )

It however continued to subsist throughout the Middle Ages, until the 13th century, when, having been converted into a strong-hold by the Saracens, it was taken by the emperor Frederick II and utterly destroyed, the inhabitants being removed to Nocera near Naples.

Some of the first fighting in the village involved a hasty stop, which included the stand of Lance Corporal Frederick Fisher of the 13th Battalion CEF's machine-gun detachment ; who twice went out with a handful of men and a Colt Machine-gun and prevented advancing German troops from passing through St. Julien into the rear of the Canadian front line.

The massive, octagonal campanile was built in the late 13th century by Frederick II as a watchtower.

Originally delivered at the Sicilian court of Emperor Frederick II during the 13th century of the Middle Ages, the lyrical form was later commanded by Dante, Petrarch, Boccaccio, and leading Renaissance writers such as Spenser ( the marriage hymn in his Epithalamion ).

The Hohenstaufen dynasty ( the dynasty of Frederick Barbarossa ), which ruled the Holy Roman Empire in the 12th and 13th centuries, arose out of Swabia, but following the execution of Conradin, the last Hohenstaufen, on October 29, 1268, the original duchy gradually broke up into many smaller units.

* The Theresian Military Academy, a 13th century formerly four-towered castle which was later used as residence by Frederick III of Habsburg.

The 13th century witnessed the trend of monarchs, beginning with Emperor Frederick II ( as King of Sicily ) in 1231, to reserve the right of fons honorum to themselves, gradually abrogating the right of knights to elevate their esquires to knighthood.

* Lucera, residence of Frederick II at the beginning of the 13th century.