Wilhelm II initially supported the Nazi Party, and his four sons of the exiled German royal family, including Prince Eitel Friedrich and Prince Oskar, became members of the Nazi Party, in hopes that in exchange for their support, the Nazis would permit the restoration of the monarchy.

A selection of the writings of both August Wilhelm and Friedrich Schlegel, edited by Oskar Walzel, will be found in Kürschner's Deutsche Nationalliteratur, 143 ( 1892 ).

* Hans M. Wingler, Friedrich Welz: Oskar Kokoschka-Das druckgraphische Werk, Verlag Galerie Welz, Salzburg 1975 ISBN 3-85349-037-9

Later recipients include Arthur Compton ( 1954 ), Hermann Hesse ( 1954 ), Albert Schweitzer ( 1954 ), Thomas Mann ( 1955 ), Oskar Kokoschka ( 1955 ), Carl Orff ( 1956 ), Erwin Schrödinger ( 1956 ), Thornton Wilder ( 1956 ), Karl Schmidt-Rottluff ( 1956 ), Werner Heisenberg ( 1957 ), Gerhard Ritter ( 1957 ), Ludwig Mies van der Rohe ( 1957 ), Percy Ernst Schramm ( 1958 ), Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker ( 1961 ), Karl Jaspers ( 1964 ), Otto Klemperer ( 1967 ), Carl Zuckmayer ( 1967 ), Henry Moore ( 1972 ), Raymond Aron ( 1973 ), George F. Kennan ( 1976 ), Friedrich Hayek ( 1977 ), Karl Popper ( 1980 ), Eugène Ionesco ( 1983 ), Hans Bethe ( 1984 ), Gordon A. Craig ( 1990 ), Rudolf Mößbauer ( 1996 ), Umberto Eco ( 1998 ), Hans Magnus Enzensberger ( 1999 ), and Wim Wenders ( 2005 ).

Telefunken Volkstrautonium, 1933 ( Telefunken Trautonium Ela T 42 ( 1933-1935 )) a product version of trautonium co-developed by Telefunken, Friedrich Trautwein and Oskar Sala since 1931.

Carl Gegenbaur also influenced his students, including: Max Fürbringer, Richard Hertwig, Oskar Hertwig, Emil Rosenberg, Ambrosius Hubrecht, Johan Erik Vesti Boas ( 1855 – 1935 ), Hans Friedrich Gadow, Georg Ruge M. Sagemehl, N. Goronowitsch, H. K. Corning, C. Röse and S. Paulli.

Oskar Schlemmer studied at the Kunstgewerbeschule as well as the Akademie der Bildenden Künste in Stuttgart under the tutelage of landscape painters Christian Landenberger and Friedrich von Keller.

In 1908 the Guido von List Society ( Guido-von-List-Gesellschaft ) was founded primarily by the Wannieck family ( Friedrich Wannieck and his son Friedrich Oskar Wannieck being prominent and enthusiastic Armanists ) as an occult völkisch organisation, with the purpose of financing and publishing List's research ( Goodrick-Clarke 1985: 42 ).

He was a brother of Oskar Adler and Friedrich Adler.

* 1983: Lotte Ulbricht, Gerhard Beil, Friedrich Dickel, Egon Krenz, Oskar Fischer, Theo Balden, Wilhelm Ehm

As a philosopher, Dietzgen had constructed the theory of dialectical materialism independently of Marx and Friedrich Engels.

Adrenaline was first synthesized in the laboratory by Friedrich Stolz and Henry Drysdale Dakin, independently, in 1904.

This method ( and the general idea of an FFT ) was popularized by a publication of J. W. Cooley and J. W. Tukey in 1965, but it was later discovered ( Heideman & Burrus, 1984 ) that those two authors had independently re-invented an algorithm known to Carl Friedrich Gauss around 1805 ( and subsequently rediscovered several times in limited forms ).

The crucial breakthrough for organic chemistry was the concept of chemical structure, developed independently and simultaneously by Friedrich August Kekulé and Archibald Scott Couper in 1858.

In August 1806, the Prussian king, Friedrich Wilhelm III decided to go to war independently of any other great power except the distant Russia.

In 1811 Friedrich Bohnenberger again discovered it, but Kater independently invented it and was first to put it in practice.

At about the same time, but independently to Spooner, Friedrich Wilhelm Raiffeisen founded the first cooperative lending banks to support farmers in rural Germany.

In addition, by the time he submitted his dissertation in 1804 ( September ), he was in regular contact at Jena with Jakob Friedrich Fries and Karl David Ilgen, who perhaps led him to his contact with Johann Severin Vater, a scholar whose work he both admired and, in some respects, duplicated independently.

The term biology in its modern sense appears to have been introduced independently by Thomas Beddoes ( in 1799 ), Karl Friedrich Burdach ( in 1800 ), Gottfried Reinhold Treviranus ( Biologie oder Philosophie der lebenden Natur, 1802 ) and Jean-Baptiste Lamarck ( Hydrogéologie, 1802 ).

In 1834, Friedrich Ludersdorf and Nathaniel Hayward independently discovered that adding sulfur to raw natural rubber ( polyisoprene ) helped prevent the material from becoming sticky.

Bussy and Friedrich Wöhler are each credited with independently isolating the element beryllium in August 1828 by reacting potassium and beryllium chloride.

Influenced by his wife Queen Louise and the war party in Berlin, in August 1806 the Prussian king Friedrich Wilhelm III made the decision to go to war independently of any other great power, save the distant Russia.

The biological concept of morphology was developed by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe ( 1790 ) and independently by the German anatomist and physiologist Karl Friedrich Burdach ( 1800 ).

Sources differ whether German inventor Carl Friedrich Uhlig created his first concertina after seeing Charles Wheatstone's instrument of the same name, or whether the two men invented their instruments concurrently and independently.

In the 1840s, Friedrich Ludersdorf and Nathaniel Hayward independently discovered that adding sulfur to raw natural rubber ( polyisoprene ) helped prevent the material from becoming sticky.

Cadmium ( Latin cadmia, Greek καδμεία meaning " calamine ", a cadmium-bearing mixture of minerals, which was named after the Greek mythological character, Κάδμος Cadmus, the founder of Thebes ) was discovered simultaneously in 1817 by Friedrich Stromeyer and Karl Samuel Leberecht Hermann, both in Germany, as an impurity in zinc carbonate.

Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel ( 22 July 1784 – 17 March 1846 ) was a German mathematician, astronomer, and systematizer of the Bessel functions ( which were discovered by Daniel Bernoulli ).

The principle of the fuel cell was discovered by German scientist Christian Friedrich Schönbein in 1838 and published in one of the scientific magazines of the time.

* In 1888, Friedrich Reinitzer ( 1858 – 1927 ) discovered the liquid crystalline nature of cholesterol extracted from carrots ( that is, two melting points and generation of colors ) and published his findings at a meeting of the Vienna Chemical Society on May 3, 1888 ( F. Reinitzer: Beiträge zur Kenntniss des Cholesterins, Monatshefte für Chemie ( Wien ) 9, 421 – 441 ( 1888 )).

Several other experiments followed, with André-Marie Ampère, who in 1820 discovered that the magnetic field circulating in a closed-path was related to the current flowing through the perimeter of the path ; Carl Friedrich Gauss ; Jean-Baptiste Biot and Félix Savart, both of which in 1820 came up with the Biot-Savart Law giving an equation for the magnetic field from a current-carrying wire ; Michael Faraday, who in 1831 found that a time-varying magnetic flux through a loop of wire induced a voltage, and others finding further links between magnetism and electricity.

Nucleic acids were discovered by Friedrich Miescher in 1869.

Nucleic acids were discovered in 1868 by Friedrich Miescher, who called the material ' nuclein ' since it was found in the nucleus.

A colophon to a Buddhist manuscript in Old Turkish states that it was translated from Sanskrit via a language called twγry, read as toxrï by Friedrich W. K. Müller in 1907 who guessed it was the newly discovered language of the Turpan area.

The first white dwarf discovered was in the triple star system of 40 Eridani, which contains the relatively bright main sequence star 40 Eridani A, orbited at a distance by the closer binary system of the white dwarf 40 Eridani B and the main sequence red dwarf 40 Eridani C. The pair 40 Eridani B / C was discovered by William Herschel on 31 January 1783 ;< sup >, p. 73 </ sup > it was again observed by Friedrich Georg Wilhelm Struve in 1825 and by Otto Wilhelm von Struve in 1851.

The Prussians discovered rich deposits of coal here and the first coal mine was established by Friedrich Wilhelm von Reden in 1796.

That the sense of balance depended on the three semicircular canals was discovered in 1870 by the physiologist Friedrich Goltz, but Goltz didn't discover how the balance-sensing apparatus functioned.

* 1869 — Friedrich Miescher discovered nucleic acids in the nuclei of cells.

He also discovered Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels at the college, developing his left-wing political outlook.

Welwitschia is named after the Austrian botanist Friedrich Welwitsch who discovered it in 1859.

Soon after, in 1834, Friedrich Ferdinand Runge discovered carbolic acid in coal-tar, and Auguste Laurence obtained it from phenylhydrate, which was soon determined to be the same compound.

In 1800, German Count Friedrich von Hahn announced that he had discovered the faint central star at the heart of the nebula a few years earlier.

Hauser was given into the care of Friedrich Daumer, a schoolmaster and speculative philosopher, who taught him various subjects and who thereby discovered his talent for drawing.

Five years later, on March 29, 1807, he discovered the asteroid Vesta, which he allowed Carl Friedrich Gauss to name.

Another text recovered from the same area, a Buddhist work in Old Turkic, included a colophon stating that the text had been translated from Sanskrit via a toxrï language, which Friedrich W. K. Müller guessed was one of the newly discovered languages.

Nucleic acids were first discovered in 1868 by Friedrich Miescher and by 1939 RNA had been implicated in protein synthesis.

Friedrich Miescher, the man who discovered DNA.