Several space observatories did the same, including the Hubble Space Telescope, the ROSAT X-ray observing satellite, and significantly the Galileo spacecraft, then on its way to a rendezvous with Jupiter scheduled for 1995.

A sequence of Galileo spacecraft | Galileo images, taken several seconds apart, showing the appearance of the fireball of fragment W on the dark side of Jupiter

* 1995 – The Galileo spacecraft arrives at Jupiter, a little more than six years after it was launched by Space Shuttle Atlantis during Mission STS-34.

Composite image of the Moon as taken by the Galileo probe | Galileo spacecraft on 7 December 1992.

Galileo was an unmanned NASA spacecraft which studied the planet Jupiter and its moons.

Galileo arrived at Jupiter on December 7, 1995, via gravitational assist flybys of Venus and Earth, becoming the first spacecraft to orbit Jupiter.

Once Galileo < nowiki >'</ nowiki > s prime mission was concluded, an extended mission followed, starting on December 7, 1997 ; the spacecraft made a number of daring close flybys of Jupiter's moons Europa and Io.

NASA engineers were able to recover the damaged tape recorder electronics, and Galileo continued to return scientific data until it was deorbited in 2003, performing one last scientific experiment — a measurement of the moon Amalthea's mass as the spacecraft swung by it.

The Jet Propulsion Laboratory built the Galileo spacecraft and managed the Galileo mission for NASA.

One section of the spacecraft rotated at 3 rpm, keeping Galileo stable and holding six instruments that gathered data from many different directions, including the fields and particles instruments.

RTGs had been used for years in planetary exploration without mishap: the Lincoln Experimental Satellites 8 / 9, launched by the U. S. Department of Defense, had 7 % more plutonium on board than Galileo, and the two Voyager spacecraft each carried 80 % as much plutonium as Galileo did.

Galileo was one of the first spacecraft to be equipped with a CCD camera.

The boom was used to remove the MAG from the immediate vicinity of Galileo to minimize magnetic effects from the spacecraft.

* 1998 – Data sent from the Galileo spacecraft indicates that Jupiter's moon Europa has a liquid ocean under a thick crust of ice.

Other Mariner-based spacecraft, launched since Voyager, included the Magellan probe to Venus, and the Galileo probe to Jupiter.

The Galileo spacecraft atmospheric entry probe found that even in the upper atmosphere of Jupiter, the abundance of neon is reduced ( depleted ) by about a factor of 10, to a level of 1 part in 6, 000 by mass.

* 1991 – The American Galileo spacecraft makes its closest approach to 951 Gaspra, becoming the first probe to visit an asteroid.

* 2001 – NASA's Galileo spacecraft passes within 112 miles of Jupiter's moon Io.

A Galileo spacecraft | Galileo image of Jupiter's main ring.

** The American Galileo spacecraft makes its closest approach to 951 Gaspra, becoming the first probe to visit an asteroid.

Letter from Paul Wolfowitz to the Minister ( government ) | Ministers of the Member State of the European Union | EU states from December 2001 as part of the US-lobbying campaign against Galileo

Galileo and its Inertial Upper Stage ( IUS ) booster being deployed by the Space Shuttle Atlantis | Space Shuttle Atlantis on the STS-34 mission in October 1989.

File: Justus Sustermans-Portrait of Galileo Galilei, 1636. jpg | Galileo Galilei ( 1564-1642 ): discovered the uniform acceleration rate of falling bodies, improved on the refracting telescope, discovered the four largest moons of Jupiter, described projectile motion and the concept of weight ; known for championing of the Copernican theory of heliocentricism against Church opposition.

From left to right: Top row-Archimedes, Aristotle, Alhazen | Ibn al-Haytham, Leonardo da Vinci, Galileo Galilei, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek ; Second row-Isaac Newton, James Hutton, Antoine Lavoisier, John Dalton, Charles Darwin, Gregor Mendel ; Third row-Louis Pasteur, James Clerk Maxwell, Henri Poincaré, Sigmund Freud, Nikola Tesla, Max Planck ; Fourth row-Ernest Rutherford, Marie Curie, Albert Einstein, Niels Bohr, Erwin Schrödinger, Enrico Fermi ; Bottom row-J. Robert Oppenheimer, Alan Turing, Richard Feynman, E. O. Wilson, Jane Goodall, Stephen Hawking

File: Plaque galileo. jpg | Plaque in memory of Galileo Galilei's experiments

Galileo probe | Galileo images showing Amalthea's irregular shape

Galileo | Galileo's 1616 drawings of the Moon and its phases.

Galileo ( spacecraft ) | Galileo – Mission to Jupiter

Frontispiece and title page of Galileo Galilei | Galileo's Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems, 1632

A pellet of Plutonium-238 | < sup > 238 </ sup > Pu O < sub > 2 </ sub > to be used in an RTG for either the cassini spacecraft | Cassini or galileo spacecraft | Galileo mission.

243 Ida and its moon Dactyl as imaged by the Galileo ( spacecraft ) | Galileo spacecraft in 1993

Galileo ’ s discovery showed the importance of the telescope as a tool for astronomers by proving that there were objects in space that cannot be seen by the naked eye.

Galileo ’ s discovery proved the importance of the telescope as a tool for astronomers by showing that there were objects in space to be discovered that until then had remained unseen by the naked eye.

Galileo and its IUS booster in space.

As Galileo span, the EUV observed a narrow ribbon of space perpendicular to the spin axis.

* August 13 – Data sent back by the Galileo space probe indicates there may be water on one of Jupiter's moons.

Toulouse is the centre of the European aerospace industry, with the headquarters of Airbus, Galileo positioning system, the SPOT satellite system, ATR ( aircraft manufacturer ), the Aerospace Valley, considered as a cluster global, the city also host l ' Oncopole de Toulouse, the largest cancer research centre in Europe, the European headquarters of Intel and CNES's Toulouse Space Centre ( CST ), the largest space centre in Europe.

Most dramatically, the Galileo space probe was deliberately destroyed at the end of its mission by crashing it into Jupiter, to avoid the possibility of contaminating the Jovian moon Europa with bacteria from Earth.

* ~ 10 zW – tech: approximate power of Galileo space probe's radio signal ( when at Jupiter ) as received on earth by a 70-meter DSN antenna.

For example, translation invariance was introduced in the era of Galileo, who eliminated the Aristotelian concept that various places in space, such as the earth and the heavens, obeyed different physical rules.

The civil portion of the British space programme focused on space science, Earth observation, satellite telecommunications, and global navigation ( for example GPS and Galileo ).

During the mission, the Jupiter-bound Galileo probe was deployed into space.

STS-34 Atlantis ( October 18 to October 23, 1989 ) was a 5-day mission during which the deployed the Galileo spacecraft, on its journey to explore Jupiter, operated the Shuttle Solar Backscatter Ultraviolet Instrument ( SSBUV ) to map atmospheric ozone and performed numerous secondary experiments involving radiation measurements, polymer morphology, lightning research, microgravity effects on plants and a student experiment on ice crystal growth in space.

During the mission the crew successfully deployed the Galileo spacecraft, starting its journey to explore Jupiter, operated the Shuttle Solar Backscatter Ultraviolet Instrument ( SSBUV ) to map atmospheric ozone, and performed numerous secondary experiments involving radiation measurements, polymer morphology, lightning research, microgravity effects on plants, and a student experiment on ice crystal growth in space.

Prior to the design and construction of the Galileo probe to Jupiter in the late 1970s to early 1980s, NASA used Vidicon cameras on most of their unmanned deep space probes equipped with the remote sensing ability.

Notable deep space probe programs that have employed X band communications include the Viking Mars landers ; the Voyager missions to Jupiter, Saturn, and beyond ; the Galileo Jupiter orbiter ; the New Horizons mission to Pluto and the Kuiper belt, and the Cassini-Huygens Saturn orbiter.

Previously, the only known moon of an asteroid was Dactyl, discovered by the Galileo space probe, around 243 Ida.

During the mission crew members successfully deployed the Galileo spacecraft on its journey to explore Jupiter, operated the Shuttle Solar Backscatter Ultraviolet Instrument ( SSBUV ) to map atmospheric ozone, and performed numerous secondary experiments involving radiation measurements, polymer morphology, lightning research, microgravity effects on plants, and a student experiment on ice crystal growth in space.

Image of Earth from space, Galileo ( spacecraft ) | Galileo spacecraft, December 11, 1990

It was first observed in 1979 by the Voyager 1 space probe and thoroughly investigated in the 1990s by the Galileo orbiter.

Although Isaac Newton based his theory on absolute space and time, he also adhered to the principle of relativity of Galileo Galilei.