The LOC also included an Operations and Checkout Building ( OCB ), to which Gemini and Apollo spacecraft were initially received prior to being mated to their launch vehicles.

* 1965 – The Gemini V spacecraft returns to Earth, landing in the Atlantic ocean.

To support this, and other Apollo objectives, the Gemini program was spun off to develop the capability for astronauts to work outside a two-man Earth orbiting spacecraft.

The next EVA was planned to be made by David Scott on Gemini 8, but that mission had to be aborted due to a critical spacecraft malfunction before the EVA could be conducted.

Astronauts on the next three Gemini flights ( Eugene Cernan, Michael Collins and Richard Gordon ), performed several EVAs, but none was able to successfully work for long periods outside the spacecraft without tiring and overheating.

The Airlock Module's manufacturer, McDonnell Douglas, even recycled the hatch design from its Gemini spacecraft and kludged what was originally designed for the conical Gemini Command Module onto the cylindrical Skylab Airlock Module.

However, for many reasons, fuel cells were not well-developed until the advent of manned spaceflight ( such as the Gemini Program in the U. S .) when lightweight, non-thermal ( and therefore efficient ) sources of electricity were required in spacecraft.

The first flight of Columbia ( STS-1 ) was commanded by John Young, a Gemini and Apollo veteran who was the ninth person to walk on the Moon in 1972, and piloted by Robert Crippen, a rookie astronaut originally selected to fly on the military's Manned Orbital Laboratory ( MOL ) spacecraft, but transferred to NASA after its cancellation, and served as a support crew member for the Skylab and Apollo-Soyuz missions.

** Gemini 1 is launched, the first unmanned test of the 2-man spacecraft.

* January 19 – The unmanned Gemini 2 is launched on a suborbital test of various spacecraft systems.

Grissom was one of the smaller astronauts, and he worked very closely with the engineers and technicians from McDonnell Aircraft who built the Gemini spacecraft.

During this time Grissom invented the multi-axis translation thruster controller used to push the Gemini and Apollo spacecraft in linear directions for rendezvous and docking.

In a joking nod to the sinking of his Mercury craft Grissom named the first Gemini spacecraft Molly Brown after the popular Broadway show The Unsinkable Molly Brown ; NASA publicity officials were unhappy with this name.

After the safe return of Gemini III, NASA announced new spacecraft would not be named.

Grissom died while putting the finishing touches on Gemini: A Personal Account of Man's Venture Into Space ; he had been heavily involved in the engineering of the spacecraft.

The mission, which the men named Apollo 1 in June, was originally planned for late 1966 ( perhaps concurrent with the last Gemini mission ), but delays in the spacecraft development pushed the launch into 1967.

Other American manned spacecraft include the Gemini Spacecraft, Apollo Spacecraft, the Skylab space station, and the Space Shuttle with undetached European Spacelab and private US Spacehab space stations-modules.

For the Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo spacecraft, such communications blackouts lasted for several minutes.

Building 101 was where the Gemini spacecraft was built, and they were going there to train for two weeks in a simulator.

All later Mercury, Gemini and Apollo capsules had a flotation collar ( similar to a rubber life raft ) attached to the spacecraft to increase their buoyancy.

His first spaceflight was Gemini 10, in which he and command pilot John Young performed two rendezvous with different spacecraft and Collins undertook two EVAs.

Like its predecessor the Atlas ICBM, the Titan II GLV a derivative of that missile was used to launch Project Gemini spacecraft and the Titan 23G was used as a space booster to launch satellites.

Conrad preparing for water egress training in the Gemini Static Article 5 spacecraft.

After the first-generation spacecraft Vostok and Mercury had proved the technical feasibility of manned spaceflight, NASA proceeded to build its second-generation capsule, Gemini, which was a completely new design which retained the successful features of Mercury such as the conical shape with a heat shield at the bottom while adding several new features for example engines strong enough to significantly alter orbit, docking and rendezvous facilities, and provisions for EVA, all of which were essential for practical applications of spaceflight, namely a manned Moon mission.

Gemini missions developed some of the space travel techniques that were necessary for the success of the Apollo missions.

The Soviets were able to launch two Voskhod capsules before the first manned Gemini was launched.

By contrast, the Gemini capsule's avionics were designed so the cabin could be exposed to the vacuum of space when one of two large hatches was opened, so no airlock was required, and both the spacewalking astronaut and his companion command pilot were in vacuum during the EVA.

No EVAs were planned on the next three Gemini flights.

The Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo capsules and the Space Shuttle were also tested in this tunnel complex.

NASA's Project Mercury and Gemini space flights were launched from Cape Canaveral, as were all of the Apollo flights and Space Shuttles.

All US manned flights after Gemini 3 were controlled from the Manned Spacecraft Center in Houston, renamed for Johnson in 1973.

When Castor was killed, Pollux asked Zeus to let him share his own immortality with his twin to keep them together, and they were transformed into the constellation Gemini.

See and fellow astronaut Charles Bassett, assigned as Pilot for Gemini 9, were killed before their mission flew on February 28, 1966, when their T-38 trainer jet crashed into McDonnell Aircraft Building 101, known as the McDonnell Space Center, located 1, 000 feet ( 300 m ) from Lambert Field airport in St. Louis, Missouri.

These were his only two space flights, as his flight status was interrupted for five years ( 1964 – 69 ) during the Mercury and Gemini programs by Ménière's disease, an inner-ear disease that was surgically corrected before his Moon flight.

At the time of the U. S crash, there were numerous consoles on the market, including the Atari 2600, the Atari 5200, the Bally Astrocade, the ColecoVision, the Coleco Gemini ( a 2600 clone ), the Emerson Arcadia 2001, the Fairchild Channel F System II, the Magnavox Odyssey < sup > 2 </ sup >, the Mattel Intellivision ( and its just-released update with several peripherals, the Intellivision II ), the Sears Tele-Games systems ( which included both 2600 and Intellivision clones ), the Tandyvision ( an Intellivision clone for Radio Shack ), and the Vectrex.

During the Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo programs, astronauts were trained there.

It should be noted that many engineers involved in this and similar Avro designs were later heavily involved in NASA Projects Mercury Gemini, and Apollo.

Me and Freiberg were born on the same day, and Gary and Greg were born on the same day, we were all Virgos and Murray was a Gemini.

One particular example of a Cross, which was not a Grand Cross, came during the summer of 2010 ( July 10 ), when Pluto ( in Capricorn ), Uranus and Jupiter ( in Aries ) and the Moon ( in Gemini moving into Cancer ) were at 0-3 ° Capricorn, Aries and Cancer, respectively, with Saturn being out of mode at 29 Virgo.

Four orbits later, it achieves the first space rendezvous, with Gemini 7.

The first American spacewalk was performed on June 3, 1965 by Edward H. White, II from the second manned Gemini flight, Gemini 4, for 21 minutes, on a tether.

Finally, on November 13, 1966, Edwin " Buzz " Aldrin became the first to successfully work in space without tiring, on the Gemini 12 last flight.

Such a self-contained spacewalk was first attempted by Eugene Cernan in 1966 on Gemini 9A, but Cernan could not reach the maneuvering unit without tiring.

After docking with their Agena booster in low orbit, Young and Collins used it to climb another 763. 8 kilometers to meet with the dead, drifting Agena left over from the aborted Gemini 8 flight — thus executing the program's first double rendezvous.

* 1965 – Launch of Gemini 4, the first multi-day space mission by a NASA crew.

* 1966 – Launch of Gemini 8, the 12th manned American space flight and first space docking with the Agena Target Vehicle.

* 1965 – NASA launches Gemini 3, the United States ' first two-man space flight ( crew: Gus Grissom and John Young ).

He made his first space flight, as command pilot of Gemini 8, in 1966, becoming NASA's first civilian astronaut to fly in space.

* March 23 – Gemini 3: NASA launches the United States ' first 2-person crew ( Gus Grissom, John Young ) into Earth orbit.

* June 3 – Gemini 4: Astronaut Edward Higgins White makes the first U. S. space walk.

* August 21 – Gemini 5 ( Gordon Cooper, Pete Conrad ) is launched on the first 1-week flight, as well as the first test of fuel cells for electrical power.

** Gemini 6 and Gemini 7 perform the first controlled rendezvous in Earth orbit.

In early 1964 Alan Shepard was grounded after being diagnosed with Ménière's disease and Grissom was designated command pilot for Gemini 3, the first manned Project Gemini flight, which flew on March 23, 1965.

Grissom was backup command pilot for Gemini 6A when he shifted to the Apollo program and was assigned as Command Pilot of the first manned mission AS-204, with Senior Pilot Ed White and Pilot Roger B. Chaffee.

During the Gemini 4 mission, White became the first American astronaut to perform a spacewalk.