Given that many journeys are for relatively short distances, there is considerable scope to replace car use with walking or cycling, though in many settings this may require some infrastructure modification, particularly to attract the less experienced and confident.

Given a set of integers, does some nonempty subset of them sum to 0?

Given is each element's name, atomic number, year of first report, name of the discoverer, and some notes related to the discovery.

Given the magnitude of the disaster, reconstruction and economic recovery will remain the primary focus of the Salvadoran Government for some time to come.

Given its roughly constant size, the encyclopaedia has needed to reduce or eliminate some topics to accommodate others, resulting in controversial decisions.

Given good circumstances one might be able to discern the result of some human activity such as the changing of the Netherlands ' coast or the partial drying out of the Aral Sea, but even that would not be easy.

Given that the coiled texture is the natural state of some African Americans ' hair, or perceived as being more " African ", this simple style is now often seen as a sign of self-acceptance and an affirmation that the beauty norms of the ( eurocentric ) dominant culture are not absolute.

Given the state at some initial time ( t = 0 ), we can solve it to obtain the state at any subsequent time.

Given steady funding throughout, the R-7 developed with some speed.

Given the widespread expansion in the tenth revision, it is not possible to convert ICD-9 data sets directly into ICD-10 data sets, although some tools are available to help guide users.

He also made some good long-term signings like Gary Speed and Shay Given.

Given the same set of verifiable facts, some societies or individuals will have a fundamental disagreement about what one ought to do based on societal or individual norms, and one cannot adjudicate these using some independent standard of evaluation.

Given that in biology many phyla, families and genera have some species that live in the sea and others that live on land, marine biology classifies species based on the environment rather than on taxonomy.

Given a specific task to solve, and a class of functions, learning means using a set of observations to find which solves the task in some optimal sense.

Given a base for the topology, in order to prove convergence of a net it is necessary and sufficient to prove that there exists some point x, such that ( x < sub > α </ sub >) is eventually in all members of the base containing this putative limit.

Given this and other evidence, many scholars agree that Peter was martyred in Rome under Nero, although some scholars argue that he may have been martyred in Palestine.

Given that the validity of conclusions drawn from a statistical analysis depend on the validity of any assumptions made, it is clearly important that these assumptions should be reviewed at some stage.

Given its stability, similarity and relative proximity to the Sun, Tau Ceti is consistently listed as a target for the Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence ( SETI ), and it appears in some science fiction literature.

noted, " Given that the bandwidth for conducting crawls is neither infinite nor free, it is becoming essential to crawl the Web in not only a scalable, but efficient way, if some reasonable measure of quality or freshness is to be maintained.

Given a model of some atomic positions, these positions and their respective Debye-Waller factors ( or B-factors, accounting for the thermal motion of the atom ) can be refined to fit the observed diffraction data, ideally yielding a better set of phases.

Given the difference between their roles and emphases, some scholars have speculated that the interactions between the Æsir and the Vanir reflect the types of interaction that were occurring between social classes ( or clans ) within Norse society at the time.

Given the lack of evidence of many Freudian hypotheses, some scientific researchers proposed the existence of unconscious mechanisms that are very different from the Freudian ones.

* Given an infinite string where each character is chosen uniformly at random, any given finite string almost surely occurs as a substring at some position.

Given its primary military role of reliably identifying friends, IFF has much more secure ( encrypted ) messages to prevent " spoofing " by the enemy, and also is used on all kinds of military platforms including air, sea and land vehicles.

Given a particular query, the DBMS ' query optimizer is responsible for devising the most efficient strategy for finding matching data.

Given a particular query, the DBMS ' query optimizer is responsible for devising the most efficient strategy for finding matching data.

Given this kind of data, the estimated coefficient on Years of Education in the equation above reflects both the effect of education on wages and the effect of other variables on wages, if those other variables were correlated with education.

Given the repeated failures and frustrations of workers ' revolutions and movements, Marx also sought to understand capitalism, and spent a great deal of time in the reading room of the British Museum studying and reflecting on the works of political economists and on economic data.

Given fixed resources, it is often better to spend more time collecting additional training data and more informative features than it is to spend extra time tuning the learning algorithms.

Given that radio communication channels are allocated by agencies such as the Federal Communication Commission giving a prescribed ( maximum ) bandwidth, the advantage of QPSK over BPSK becomes evident: QPSK transmits twice the data rate in a given bandwidth compared to BPSK-at the same BER.

Given the CIA's purposeful destruction of most records, its failure to follow informed consent protocols with thousands of participants, the uncontrolled nature of the experiments, and the lack of follow-up data, the full impact of MKUltra experiments, including deaths, will never be known.

Given inconsistencies and the lack of reliable data and completely contradicting and unpredictable behavior, the true nature of ball lightning is still unknown and was often regarded as a fantasy or a hoax.

Given some training data, a set of n points of the form

Formally, the problem of supervised pattern recognition can be stated as follows: Given an unknown function ( the ground truth ) that maps input instances to output labels, along with training data assumed to represent accurate examples of the mapping, produce a function that approximates as closely as possible the correct mapping.

Given a table of costs and revenues at each quantity, we can either compute equations or plot the data directly on a graph.

Given a grid point field of geopotential height, storm tracks can be visualized by contouring its average standard deviation, after the data has been band-pass filtered.

* Point location: Given a partitioning of the space into cells, produce a data structure that efficiently tells in which cell a query point is located.

* Ray tracing: Given a set of objects in space, produce a data structure that efficiently tells which object a query ray intersects first.

Given inconsistencies and the lack of reliable data, the true nature of ball lightning is still unknown.

Given a set of n + 1 data points ( x < sub > i </ sub >, y < sub > i </ sub >) where no two x < sub > i </ sub > are the same, one is looking for a polynomial p of degree at most n with the property

Given a set of k + 1 data points

Given a set of k + 1 data points

Given the shortcomings of the beneficial acclimation hypothesis, researchers are continuing to search for a theory that will be supported by empirical data.

Given a set of objects in d-dimensional space, preprocess them into a data structure so that for each query ray the first object hit by the ray can be found quickly.