Given the central role under the Constitution of the Soviet Union, the party controlled all tiers of government and social institutions in the Soviet Union.

Given the dual status of science as objective knowledge and as a human construct, good historiography of science draws on the historical methods of both intellectual history and social history.

Given the proposition that ' a persons life prospects should not be decided by factors outside of their control or for which a person cannot claim personal credit ' ( i. e. social status, inherited wealth, race and other accidents of birth ) a meritocracy proposes a system where people are rewarded based on their efforts, and if everyone can start on equal footing with the same opportunity to advance, then the results are just.

Given that most French supporters of phrenology were liberal, left-wing or socialist, it was an objective of the social elite of France who held a restrained vision of social change that phrenology remain on the fringes.

Given the role that many social groups have in the development of public policy and the extensive connections between state bureaucracies and other institutions, it has become increasingly difficult to identify the boundaries of the state.

Given the difference between their roles and emphases, some scholars have speculated that the interactions between the Æsir and the Vanir reflect the types of interaction that were occurring between social classes ( or clans ) within Norse society at the time.

Given the supposed closeness of war, the FI thought that the Communist Parties and social democratic parties would be the only significant force that could defend the workers of the world against the imperialist camp in those countries where there were mass forces.

Given that, the Culture had intended all along to use him to discredit the brutality of the Azadian system by publicly giving the lie to the game's representation of social reality.

Given the hierarchical relationships of the existing economic system, these other unions perceive the necessity of a radical change in the social order.

Given the Kakapo's well-developed sense of smell, this scent may be a social chemosignal.

With regard to African Americans, Gilman wrote in the American Journal of Sociology: “ The problem, is this: Given: in the same country, Race A, progressed in social evolution, say, to Status 10 ; and Race B, progressed in social evolution, say, to Status 4..

Given that Rothko had known in advance about the luxury decor of the restaurant and the social class of its future patrons, the exact motives for his abrupt repudiation remain mysterious.

Given that many of the talented young artists had been raised in housing projects and were short on social and dress skills, this Motown department was not only necessary, it created an elegant style of presentation long associated with the label.

Given the more widespread social use, in the English language, of the word condom, it is interesting to note that the town is located on the river Baïse ; baise, without the diaeresis, is a French vulgarism for a sexual act.

Given the social state that was emerging, Tocqueville believed that a " new political science " would be needed.

Given that totemistic belief systems had proved to be relatively durable over the course of human history, many scholars asked whether it was useful, as Lévi-Strauss had advocated, to dispose of totemism as a " mere " social construct.

Given the global nature of gonococcal and meningococcal diseases, the worldwide distribution of antibiotics, differing social practices in controlling and monitoring antibiotic availability, and geographical differences in treatment regimens, it is likely that the global problem of antibiotic resistance will continue in the foreseeable future.

Given small differences in policies, the same type of software can produce radically different social outcomes.

Given that the USA maintained diplomatic relations with Taiwan Republic of China since the end of World War II and did not establish recognition of so-called ' Red ' China or People's Republic of China until the latter part of the twentieth century, the introduction of Taiwanese style racing to America corresponded to the close business and social contacts between these two nations.

Given this reality, scholars are continually challenged to research and understand how online communities are comprised, how they function, and how they are connected to offline social life.

Given that gated communities are spatially a type of enclave, Setha M. Low, among other anthropologists, has argued that they have a negative effect on the overall social capital of the broader community outside the gated community.

Given Ireland's ( Northern Protestant and Southern Catholic ) historically conservative sexual values, Magdalene asylums were a generally accepted social institution until well into the second half of the 20th century.

Given his increasing profile and popularity within the party due to his role as the manifesto chair, he was seen as a probable candidate for the social liberal grouping's vote in the future leadership election.

Given these conditions, Lovelock expects human civilization will be hard pressed to survive.

" Given the elimination of these pernicious influences, Marx allowed that " normal conditions of spontaneous development " of the rural commune could exist.

Given the properties of a concept, these are necessary and sufficient conditions to classify the concept.

Given the fluid flow conditions and the desired shaft output speed, the specific speed can be calculated and an appropriate turbine design selected.

Given good viewing conditions, Thuban is relatively easy to spot in the night sky, due to its location in relation to the Big Dipper asterism of Ursa Major.

Given a ring R and a proper ideal I of R ( that is I ≠ R ), I is a maximal ideal of R if any of the following equivalent conditions hold:

Given the harsh conditions of the retreat, the infant was left with a local family ( Two Europeans retracing the Long March route in 2003 met a woman in rural Yunnan province, said by local officials to be Mao and He Zizhen's long-lost daughter ).

Given the many presentations and the relatively low occurrence of porphyria, the patient may initially be suspected to have other, unrelated conditions.

Given that " production could be carried on without any organization is, firm at all ", Coase asks, why and under what conditions should we expect firms to emerge?

Given a general triangle ABC, the following conditions would need to be fulfilled for the case to be ambiguous:

Given normal atmospheric conditions, the temperature, and thus speed of sound, varies with altitude:

Given the weather conditions close to the summit, cold weather injuries are very common.

Given the desperate economic conditions in Switzerland, 193 volunteers decided to leave their homeland to start anew in America.

Given a manifold M representing ( continuous / smooth / with certain boundary conditions / etc.

Given the landscape changes ( e. g., land development, urbanization, clearcutting in forested areas ) in the watersheds of many freshwater bodies, returning to pristine conditions would be a significant challenge.

Given the right reaction conditions ring-opening metathesis polymerization ( ROMP ) can be rendered living.

Given a set with three binary operations and, and two distinguished elements 0 and 1, then is a Heyting algebra for these operations ( and the relation defined by the condition that when ) if and only if the following conditions hold for any elements and of:

Given the right overall conditions of the compressed fuel — high enough density and temperature — this heating process will result in a chain reaction, burning outward from the center where the shock wave started the reaction.

Given the conditions of the experiment, the Canterbury group conclude that if any such ' Tajmar ' effect exists, it is at least 22 times smaller than predicted by Tajmar in 2006.

Given good conditions, a bud can produce a shoot with up to ten or more leaves.

Given sufficient time under fire or heat conditions, these products char away, crumble, and disappear.

Given the origins of the cardinal tetra, namely blackwater rivers whose chemistry is characterised by an acidic pH, low mineral content and the presence of humic acids, the species is adaptable to a wide range of conditions in captivity, though deviation from the soft, acidic water chemistry of their native range will impact severely upon breeding and fecundity.

Given the same energy source and operating conditions, a higher COP heat pump will consume less purchased energy than one with a lower COP.

Given such conditions, the chances are good that the whales can be driven fully ashore or close enough to the shore that they can be killed from land.

Given the difficult topographic and climatic conditions, construction units were prefabricated.