Evidence is plentiful that early and later also he has been indebted to the Gothic romancers, who deal in extravagant horror, to the symbolists writing at the end of the preceding century, and in particular to the stream-of-consciousness novelists, Henry James and James Joyce among them.

And by a skillful and unobtrusive use of imagery ( the enclosure is called a `` Roman-camp stockade '', the hastily erected lean-to is a `` Babylonian hovel '', the men begin to look like `` Peruvian mummies '' and to acquire `` Gothic faces '' ), Malraux projects a fresco of human endurance -- which is also the endurance of the human -- stretching backward into the dark abyss of time.

One, the ABCDE order later used in Phoenician, has continued with minor changes in Hebrew, Greek, Armenian, Gothic, Cyrillic, and Latin ; the other, HMĦLQ, was used in southern Arabia and is preserved today in Ethiopic.

* 378 – Gothic War: Battle of Adrianople – A large Roman army led by Emperor Valens is defeated by the Visigoths in present-day Turkey.

This, combined with their post-battle rewards, prompted them to raise Alaric " on a shield " and proclaim him king ; according to Jordanes ( a Gothic historian of varying importance, depending upon who is asked ), both the new king and his people decided " rather to seek new kingdoms by their own work, than to slumber in peaceful subjection to the rule of others.

He starts, despite of shortages, raids against the Gothic camps and Vitiges is forced into a stalemate.

Amalric is a personal name derived from the tribal name Amal ( referring to the Gothic Amali ) and ric ( Gothic reiks ) meaning " ruler, prince ".

Stilicho is alleged by some to have wanted control of both Emperors, and is supposed to have had Rufinus assassinated by Gothic mercenaries in 395 ; though definite proof of Stilicho's involvement in the assassination is lacking, the intense competition and political jealousies engendered by the two figures compose the main thread of the first part of Arcadius ' reign.

However, his construction of the Gothic alphabet is based upon an entirely different modular system.

As in Classical architecture, in Gothic architecture, too, an aedicule or tabernacle frame is a structural framing device that gives importance to its contents, whether an inscribed plaque, a cult object, a bust or the like, by assuming the tectonic vocabulary of a little building that sets it apart from the wall against which it is placed.

The architectural style is a mixture of Victorian Gothic, Tudor and Dutch Baroque and was the subject of much bemused comment from those who worked there, or visited, during World War II.

It is generally assumed by scholars that the Bastarnae's original home was around the Vistula river ( central Poland ) and that they migrated south-eastwards to the Black Sea region around 200 BC ( as, 400 years later, did the Gothic ethnos ).

Although this culture has conventionally been identified with the migration of the Gothic ethnos into the region from the Northwest, Todd argues that its most important origin is Scytho-Sarmatian.

Some important Roman ruins are exposed under the Plaça del Rei, its entrance located by the city museum ( Museu d ' Història de la Ciutat ); the typically Roman grid plan is still visible today in the layout of the historical centre, the Barri Gòtic (" Gothic Quarter ").

The Cathédrale Sainte-Marie is an imposing, elegant Gothic building, rising over the houses, glimpsed along the narrow streets.

However, the name of the king is indeed Gothic and probably genuine.

The supposedly treacherous behavior of Treboniannus Gallus who, according to Zosimus, signalled the final Gothic assault is not accepted today.

Another Indo-European example is star ( English ), str-( Sanskrit ), tara ( Hindi-Urdu ), étoile ( French ), ἀστήρ ( astēr ) ( Greek or ἀστέρι / ἄστρο, asteri / astro in Modern Greek ), stella ( Italian ), aster ( Latin ) stea ( Romanian and Venetian ), stairno ( Gothic ), astl ( Armenian ), Stern ( German ), ster ( Dutch and Afrikaans ), starn ( Scots ), stjerne ( Norwegian and Danish ), stjarna ( Icelandic ), stjärna ( Swedish ), stjørna ( Faroese ), setāre ( Persian ), stoorei ( Pashto ), seren ( Welsh ), steren ( Cornish ), estel ( Catalan ), estrella Spanish, estrella Asturian and Leonese, estrela ( Portuguese and Galician ) and estêre or stêrk ( Kurdish ), from the PIE, " star ".

Carmilla is a Gothic novella by Joseph Sheridan Le Fanu.

A late example of traditional Gothic is Melmoth the Wanderer ( 1820 ) by Charles Maturin which combines themes of Anti-Catholicism with an outcast Byronic hero ( Varma 1986 ).

* Simpson, Mark S. ( 1986 ) The Russian Gothic Novel and its British Antecedents, Slavica Publishers

* Skarda, Patricia, ( 1986 ) " Gothic Parodies " in Jack Sullivan ed.

Gothic and Renaissance Art in Nuremberg, 1986, New York, Metropolitan Museum of Art, ISBN 978-0-87099-466-1

Cáceres was declared a World Heritage City by UNESCO in 1986 because of the city's blend of Roman, Moorish, Northern Gothic and Italian Renaissance architecture.

His debut solo album Circus Maximus ( 1986, él records ) explored biblical themes in dark, almost Gothic acoustic style, and his debt to the influence of Gallic pop was clear from a subsequent, sardonically self-referencing cover of Jacques Brel's " Jacky " and portraits of himself in the style of early 1960s Serge Gainsbourg.

She appeared as Julia in the 1986 television mini-series Zastrozzi: A Romance based on the Gothic novel by Percy Bysshe Shelley.

She was portrayed by Myriam Cyr in the 1986 Ken Russell film " Gothic "; and by Laura Dern in " Haunted Summer " ( 1988 ).

Richardson portrayed Mary Shelley in the 1986 film Gothic, a fictionalised account of the author's creation of Frankenstein.

In 1990, Isaacs named a four-hour dramatisation of an early Percy Bysshe Shelley Gothic horror novel, Zastrozzi ( 1986 ), as one of the 10 programmes of which he was most proud during his tenure as Channel 4's chief executive.

Gothic and Renaissance Art in Nuremberg, 1986, New York, Metropolitan Museum of Art, ISBN 978-0-87099-466-1

Stephen Volk is a British screenwriter, whose first produced work was Ken Russell's film Gothic in 1986.

" In The Penguin Encyclopedia of Horror and the Supernatural ( 1986 ), Timothy Sullivan wrote, " A supremely atmospheric horror film, Black Sunday was Mario Bava's first and best directorial job, and the first of the 1960s cycle of Italian Gothic cinema [...] film remains greatest achievement, without a doubt one of the best horror films ever made.

* 1986 A Gothic Etymological Dictionary, Leiden: Brill.

Gothic fiction, sometimes referred to as Gothic horror, is a genre or mode of literature that combines elements of both horror and romance.

Radcliffe also provided an aesthetic for the genre in an influential article " On the Supernatural in Poetry ", examining the distinction and correlation between horror and terror in Gothic fiction

Reynolds who wrote a trilogy of Gothic horror novels: Faust ( 1846 ), Wagner the Wehr-wolf ( 1847 ) and The Necromancer ( 1857 ).

Pulp magazine s such as Weird Tales reprinted and popularized Gothic horror from the prior century.

In America pulp magazines such as Weird Tales reprinted classic Gothic horror tales from the previous century, by such authors as Poe, Arthur Conan Doyle, and Edward Bulwer-Lytton and printed new stories by modern authors featuring both traditional and new horrors.

The most significant of these was H. P. Lovecraft who also wrote an excellent conspectus of the Gothic and supernatural horror tradition in his Supernatural Horror in Literature ( 1936 ) as well as developing a Mythos that would influence Gothic and contemporary horror well into the 21st century.

From these, the Gothic genre per se gave way to modern horror fiction, regarded by some literary critics as a branch of the Gothic although others use the term to cover the entire genre.

Many modern writers of horror ( or indeed other types of fiction ) exhibit considerable Gothic sensibilities — examples include the works of Anne Rice, as well as some of the sensationalist works of Stephen King The Romantic strand of Gothic was taken up in Daphne du Maurier's Rebecca ( 1938 ) which is in many respects a reworking of Charlotte Brontë's Jane Eyre.

There was a notable revival in twentieth-century Gothic horror films such the classic Universal Horror films of the 1930s, Hammer Horror, and Roger Corman's Poe cycle.

Its imagery and cultural proclivities indicate influences from the 19th century Gothic literature along with horror films and to a lesser extent the BDSM culture.

In literature, Gothic novel combines dark elements of both horror and romance: English author Horace Walpole, with his 1764 novel The Castle of Otranto is one of the first writers who explored this genre.

During the early period of talking pictures, the American Movie studio Universal Pictures began a successful Gothic horror film series.

Some of these blended science fiction films with Gothic horror, such as The Invisible Man ( 1933 ) and, mirroring the earlier German films, featured a mad scientist.

With advances in technology, the tone of horror films shifted from the Gothic towards contemporary concerns.

* Gothic horror – Gothic horror is a type of story that contains elements of goth and horror.