Apollo ( Attic, Ionic, and Homeric Greek:, Apollōn ( gen .: ); Doric:, Apellōn ; Arcadocypriot:, Apeilōn ; Aeolic:, Aploun ; ) is one of the most important and complex of the Olympian deities in ancient Greek and Roman religion, Greek and Roman mythology, and Greco – Roman Neopaganism.

Marble, Roman copy of a Greek original of the 4th century BCE, from the collection of Cardinal Albani

As a quintessentially Greek god, Apollo had no direct Roman equivalent, although later Roman poets often referred to him as Phoebus.

Apollo is a common theme in Greek and Roman art and also in the art of the Renaissance.

Marble Roman copy after a 5th-century BC Greek original attributed to Polykleitos.

The type is represented by neo-Attic Imperial Roman copies of the late 1st or early 2nd century, modelled upon a supposed Greek bronze original made in the second quarter of the 5th century BCE, in a style similar to works of Polykleitos but more archaic.

The marble is a Hellenistic or Roman copy of a bronze original by the Greek sculptor Leochares, made between 350 and 325 BCE.

Alexander the Great in Greek and Roman Art.

* Smith, William ; Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London ( 1873 ).

Later, in the Greek and Roman periods, mouth rinsing following mechanical cleansing became common among the upper classes, and Hippocrates recommended a mixture of salt, alum, and vinegar.

The Dying Gaul c. 230 BC, a Roman copy of a Greek statue commemorating the victory over the Celtic Galatia ns in Anatolia.

The use of minted coins continued to flourish during the Greek and Roman eras.

Since some of the Roman months were named in honor of divinities, and as April was sacred to the goddess Venus, the Festum Veneris et Fortunae Virilis being held on the first day, it has been suggested that Aprilis was originally her month Aphrilis, from her equivalent Greek goddess name Aphrodite ( Aphros ), or from the Etruscan name Apru.

* Smith, William ; Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London ( 1873 ).

* Roy George, " Athena: The sculptures of the goddess " — A repertory of Greek and Roman types

Classical-Relating to or from ancient Roman or Greek architecture and art.

Using his excellent knowledge of Greek, which was then rare in the West, to his advantage, he studied the Hebrew Bible and Greek authors like Philo, Origen, Athanasius, and Basil of Caesarea, with whom he was also exchanging letters.

In dogma he follows Basil of Caesarea and other Greek authors, but nevertheless gives a distinctly Western cast to the speculations of which he treats.

Thus while among his own colleagues he seemed merely a hypocritical and arrogant priest, in his relations with his brother humanists, such as Cosimo de ' Medici, he appeared as the student of classical antiquities and especially of Greek theological authors ".

He was reckoned by some ancient authors as one of the Seven Sages of Greece, and it is said that he was initiated into the Eleusinian Mysteries of the Great Goddess, a privilege denied to those who did not speak fluent Greek.

Hellanicus ' work appears to have been a genealogical one concerning the daughters of Atlas ( Ἀτλαντὶς in Greek means " of Atlas "), but some authors have suggested a possible connection with Plato's island.

Differences in style, theological content, and familiarity with Greek between the Gospel of John, the epistles of John, and the Revelation are seen by some scholars as indicating three separate authors.

The earliest bestiary in the form in which it was later popularized was an anonymous 2nd century Greek volume called the Physiologus, which itself summarized ancient knowledge and wisdom about animals in the writings of classical authors such as Aristotle's Historia Animalium and various works by Herodotus, Pliny the Elder, Solinus, Aelian and other naturalists.

It was especially important for preserving in its libraries manuscripts of Greek and Latin authors throughout a period when instability and disorder caused their mass-destruction in western Europe and north Africa: On the city's fall, thousands of these were brought by refugees to Italy, and played a key part in stimulating the Renaissance, and the transition to the modern world.

Cretan authors have made important contributions to Greek Literature throughout the modern period ; major names include Vikentios Kornaros, creator of the 17th century epic romance Erotokritos ( Greek Ερωτόκριτος ), and in the 20th century Nikos Kazantzakis.

Cerberus featured in many works of ancient Greek and Roman literature and in works of both ancient and modern art and architecture, although the depiction and background surrounding Cerberus often differed across various works by different authors of the era.

The Roman author Vitruvius, relying on the writings ( now lost ) of Greek authors, tells us that the ancient Greeks believed that their Doric order developed from techniques for building in wood in which the earlier smoothed tree trunk was replaced by a stone cylinder.

He spoke Greek so perfectly that he was called " honey-tongued " ( meliglossos ); Roman-born, he preferred Greek authors, and wrote in a slightly archaizing Greek himself.

Of the various Classical Greek authors who mentioned centaurs, Pindar was the first who describes undoubtedly a combined monster.

The hexameter was first used by early Greek poets of the oral tradition, and the most complete extant examples of their works are the Iliad and the Odyssey, which influenced the authors of all later classical epics that survive today.

Where the Diatessaron records Gospel quotations from the Jewish Scriptures, the text appears to agree with that found in the Syriac Peshitta Old Testament rather than that found in the Greek Septuagint — as used by the original Gospel authors.

The phonology is known through the alternation of Greek and Etruscan letters in some inscriptions ( for example, the Iguvine Tables ), and many individual words are known through loans into or from Greek and Latin, as well as explanations of Etruscan words by ancient authors.

During his campaigns, El Cid often ordered that books by classic Roman and Greek authors on military themes be read aloud to him and his troops, for both entertainment and inspiration before battle.

In Greek mythology, Eurystheus ( pronounced, meaning " broad strength " in folk etymology and pronounced ) was king of Tiryns, one of three Mycenaean strongholds in the Argolid, although other authors including Homer and Euripides cast him as ruler of Argos: Sthenelus was his father and the " victorious horsewoman " Nicippe his mother, and he was a grandson of the hero Perseus, as was his opponent Heracles.

Other contemporary authors in the Greek world confirm this including Theodotus the Shoemaker, Athenaeus and Alexander of Aphrodisias.

Apollo, like other Greek deities, had a number of epithets applied to him, reflecting the variety of roles, duties, and aspects ascribed to the god.

Asteroids ( from Greek ἀστεροειδής-asteroeidēs, " star-like ", from " star " and " like, in form ") are a class of small Solar System bodies in orbit around the Sun.

In the polytonic orthography of Greek, alpha, like other vowel letters, can occur with several diacritic marks: any of three accent symbols (), and either of two breathing marks (), as well as combinations of these.

Writing systems that indicate consonants but do not indicate most vowels ( like the Aramaic one ) or indicate them with added diacritical signs, have been called abjads by Peter T. Daniels to distinguish them from later alphabets, such as Greek, that represent vowels more systematically.

" The Covered Hall ") This abode is somewhat like Hades from Ancient Greek religion: there, something not unlike the Asphodel Meadows can be found, and people who have neither excelled in that which is good nor excelled in that which is bad can expect to go there after they die and be reunited with their loved ones.

The program was named after the Greek god of light, music, and the sun by NASA manager Abe Silverstein, who later said that " I was naming the spacecraft like I'd name my baby.

Herodotus also describes that just like his predecessor, Amasis II relied on Greek mercenaries and council men.

) Given the exclusionary and ancestral conception of citizenship held by Greek city-states, a relatively large portion of the population took part in the government of Athens and of other radical democracies like it.

Functionalists like Monroe Beardsley argue that whether or not a piece counts as art depends on what function it plays in a particular context ; the same Greek vase may play a non-artistic function in one context ( carrying wine ), and an artistic function in another context ( helping us to appreciate the beauty of the human figure ).

One by one, the Quintet – five singers who comment like a Greek chorus throughout the show – enter, tuning up.

As an example of efforts in recent times, Heidegger ( who himself drew on ancient Greek sources ) adopted German terms like Dasein to articulate the topic.

These were not targums (" translations ") in the true sense but like the Greek Esther are retellings of events and include additional legends relating to Purim.

In certain manuscripts of Tobit, the former is called Achiachar, which, like the Greek Cyaxares, is thought to be derived from Persian Akhuwakhshatra.

As in the Greek usage and in the Benedictine, certain canticles like the Song of Moses ( Exodus xv.

First attested in English in 1785, the word camelopardalis comes from the Latin, and it is the romanisation of the Greek " καμηλοπάρδαλις " meaning " giraffe ", from " κάμηλος " ( kamēlos ), " camel " + " πάρδαλις " ( pardalis ), " leopard ", due to its having a long neck like a camel and spots like a leopard.

Liberal Christian scholars, like conservative Christian scholars, accept earlier versions of the texts that make up the Bible in Hebrew or Greek.

They referred to people speaking foreign languages as barbarians, dismissing foreign languages as inferior mutterings that sounded to Greek ears like " bar-bar ".

In Modern Greek, it represents a voiced dental fricative, like the " th " in " that " or " this ".

The Bible refers to the denarius as a day's wage for a common laborer ( Matthew 20: 2 ; John 12: 5 ). The value of the denarius is referred to, though perhaps not literally, in the Bible at Revelation 6: 6: " And I heard something like a voice in the center of the four living creatures saying, ' A quart of wheat for a denarius, and three quarts of barley for a denarius Vulgate: bilibris tritici denario et tres bilibres hordei denario, δηναρίου in the original Greek ; and do not damage the oil and the wine.

* Conceptual beings like the Muses and Fates of ancient Greek belief

Even though the name Dorado is not Latin but Spanish, astronomers give it the Latin genitive form Doradus when naming its stars ; they are treating it ( like the adjacent constellation Argo Navis ) as if it were a feminine proper name of Greek origin ending in-ō ( like Io or Callisto or Argo ), names that have a genitive ending in-ūs.