Griffith's experiment, reported in 1928 by Frederick Griffith, was one of the first experiments suggesting that bacteria are capable of transferring genetic information through a process known as transformation.

Until Griffith's experiment, bacteriologists believed that the types were fixed and unchangeable, from one generation to another.

simple: Griffith's experiment

* Frederick Griffith conducts Griffith's experiment, indirectly proving the existence of DNA.

# REDIRECT Griffith's experiment

# REDIRECT Griffith's experiment

In 1944, Oswald Avery, Colin MacLeod, and Maclyn McCarty demonstrated the transforming factor in Griffith's experiment was DNA, not protein, as was widely believed at the time.

* January-Frederick Griffith reports the results of Griffith's experiment, indirectly proving the existence of DNA.

* 1928 – Griffith's experiment shows that living cells can be transformed via a transforming principle, later discovered to be DNA

: 1928: Frederick Griffith discovers that hereditary material from dead bacteria can be incorporated into live bacteria ( see Griffith's experiment )

For instance he helped to develop the modern concept of continuity editing, and is often credited with discovering that the basic unit of structure in film was the shot rather than the scene ( the basic unit on the stage ), paving the way for D. W. Griffith's advances in editing and screen storytelling.

America's most prominent pneumococcus expert, Oswald Avery, in New York at The Rockefeller Hospital — which opened in 1910 on The Rockefeller Institute's campus — initially explained that Griffith's experiments must have been poorly conducted and succumbed to contamination.

Over Avery's strong objections, Dawson recreated Fred Griffith's discovery that a soluble substance from dead bacteria of one type can effect a repeatable and inheritable change in bacteria of another type-a process Dawson termed transformation in his six articles on the subject-in which he was the first person in history to put the substance to work in a test tube and even to partially extract it.

He was unwilling to rely on Griffith's carrying his message, and he had no confidence the police would act on it.

In Canto XI of the same book a hermit named Māṇḍakarṇi is mentioned: " For he, great votarist, intent -- On strictest rule his stern life spent -- ... -- Ten thousand years on air he fed ..." ( English quotations are from Ralph T. H. Griffith's translation ).

Griffith's film The Birth of a Nation made pioneering use of advanced camera and narrative techniques, and its immense popularity set the stage for the dominance of the feature-length film in the United States.

Several of Griffith's later films were also successful, but his high production, promotional, and roadshow costs often made his ventures commercial failures.

Porter rejected Griffith's script, but gave him an acting part in Rescued from an Eagle's Nest.

At Biograph, Griffith's career in the film industry would change forever.

His new production company became an autonomous production unit partner in Triangle Film Corporation along with Thomas Ince and Keystone Studios ' Mack Sennett ; the Triangle Film Corporation was headed by Griffith's partner Harry Aitken, who was released from the Mutual Film Corporation, and his brother Roy.

Griffith's work in the teens was highly regarded by Kuleshov and other Soviet filmmakers and greatly influenced their understanding of editing.

A strong expressive use of a fire effect occurs in D. W. Griffith's A Drunkard's Reformation ( 1909 ).

But Griffith's first use of cross-cutting in The Fatal Hour, made in July 1908, has a much stronger suspense story served by this construction than those in the earlier Pathé examples.

Griffith's increased use of cross-cutting between parallel actions helped him to get more shots into his films than other directors, but he also had another method for doing this.

The result of this was that D. W. Griffith's films had at least twice as many shots in them as did those of other American directors.

However, this sort of thing never happened in D. W. Griffith's films, or in European films.

Another of the still very rare examples at this date is in Griffith's The Massacre, which was made at the end of 1912.

The biggest success of these years was D. W. Griffith's The Birth of a Nation ( 1915 ), made for Triangle.

The idea developed slowly through the war years, until in D. W. Griffith's Broken Blossoms ( 1918 ) all the Close Ups of Lillian Gish are heavily diffused by the use of layers of fine black cotton mesh placed in front of the lens.

At the age of 19, in the cathedral of Pisa, he timed the oscillations of a swinging lamp by means of his pulse beats and found the time for each swing to be the same, no matter what the amplitude of the oscillation, thus discovering the isochronal nature of the pendulum, which he verified by experiment.

America's " European allies were brought along to acquiesce in the United States engaging in the rational activity of discovering whether there was after all some defence against nuclear attack ... by the apparent assurance obtained from the United States that it was only engaged in experiment and research, and that, if there were any danger of effective protection being devised, of course the United States would not avail itself of that protection without the agreement of its European allies.

After discovering how to create phasing sounds, Follin was able to use a 2-channel music driver to further experiment and come up with an arrangement of Stravinsky's " The Firebird ", used for the game Star Firebirds.

Meanwhile he continues with his pet experiment, discovering a way to neutralize radiation using radio waves tuned to a certain frequency.

When the agency behind the experiment tried to capture him, he fights back, discovering that he has gained the ability to generate, manipulate, and control electromagnetism.

Flashbacks reveal that both Zack and Cloud battled Sephiroth after he burned the town of Nibelheim upon discovering he was the result of a scientific experiment.

The word " experimenter " emphasizes the person running an experiment, usually in a single instance ; " experimentalist ," by contrast, indicates a pattern in a person's approach to discovering knowledge.

In their continuing effort to create an alternative to the Green Lantern Corps, the Controllers experiment on Martyn Van Wyck, transforming him into the pyro-kinetic Effigy.

: 1944: The Avery – MacLeod – McCarty experiment isolates DNA as the genetic material ( at that time called transforming principle )

An experiment can show the particle-like properties of matter, or the wave-like properties ; in some experiments both of these complementary viewpoints must be invoked to explain the results, according to the complementarity principle of Niels Bohr.

Although not described as a democracy by the founding fathers, the United States founders also shared a determination to root the American experiment in the principle of natural freedom and equality.

* Popular Science video showing an experiment that demonstrates the principle of the Davy lamp

According to Newton's law of gravity, and independently verified by experiments such as that of Eötvös and its successors ( see Eötvös experiment ), there is a universality of free fall ( also known as the weak equivalence principle, or the universal equality of inertial and passive-gravitational mass ): the trajectory of a test body in free fall depends only on its position and initial speed, but not on any of its material properties.

Support for this principle is found in the Eötvös experiment, which determines whether the ratio of inertial to gravitational mass is the same for all bodies, regardless of size or composition.

The strong likelihood principle applies this same criterion to cases such as sequential experiments where the sample of data that is available results from applying a stopping rule to the observations earlier in the experiment.

The conditionality principle says that if an experiment is chosen by a random process independent of the states of nature, then only the experiment actually performed is relevant to inferences about.

The theory must be characterized by a choice of finitely many parameters, which could, in principle, be set by experiment.

A theory of everything ( ToE ) or final theory is a putative theory of theoretical physics that fully explains and links together all known physical phenomena, and predicts the outcome of any experiment that could be carried out in principle.

When the researchers did the experiment multiple times, they found that measurement of one polarization did not always disturb the other state as much as the uncertainty principle predicted.

* The Einsteinian equivalence principle: The outcome of any local non-gravitational experiment in a freely falling laboratory is independent of the velocity of the laboratory and its location in spacetime.

In spectroscopy the term is used in a related sense to indicate that the experiment is performed with a mixture of frequencies at once and their respective response unravelled afterwards using the Fourier transform principle.

A theory of everything ( TOE ) is a putative theory of theoretical physics that fully explains and links together all known physical phenomena, and predicts the outcome of any experiment that could be carried out in principle.

The principle technique for inducing convergence is thought experiment, namely backcasting, enabling anyone to participate no matter what cultural background, religious doctrine, political affiliation or age demographic.

In 1758, Benjamin Franklin and John Hadley, professor of chemistry at Cambridge University, conducted an experiment to explore the principle of evaporation as a means to rapidly cool an object.

A thought experiment or Gedankenexperiment ( from German ) considers some hypothesis, theory, or principle for the purpose of thinking through its consequences.

The common goal of a thought experiment is to explore the potential consequences of the principle in question.

A particular and repeated target of his criticism is the manner in which the " nature abhors a vacuum " principle had migrated from simply a matter of experiment to a high principle of physics which could be invoked to explain phenomena such as suction but which itself was above question.

It is sufficient to destroy the interference pattern, if the path information is accessible in principle from the experiment or even if it is dispersed in the environment and beyond any technical possibility to be recovered, but in principle still ‘‘ out there .’’ The absence of any such information is the essential criterion for quantum interference to appear.

Robert Dale Owen would say of the failed socialism experiment that the people at New Harmony were " a heterogeneous collection of radicals, enthusiastic devotees to principle, honest latitudinarians, and lazy theorists, with a sprinkling of unprincipled sharpers thrown in.

The axiom AX is now justified based on the principle that what will predictably happen every time this experiment is performed, should at the very least be possible.