In the UK, the Hen Harrier suffers illegal persecution by gamekeepers and their employers on shooting estates, particularly those managed for Red Grouse shooting, resulting in local and regional extinction in many areas, particularly in England where only 4 breeding pairs survive despite abundant suitable habitat capable of holding several hundred pairs.

The Red Grouse is considered a game bird and is shot in large numbers during the shooting season which traditionally starts on August 12, known as the Glorious Twelfth.

As a result of the aristocratic habit of only marrying within the aristocracy, and whenever possible to a sole heiress, many owners of country houses owned several country mansions, and would visit each according to the season: Grouse shooting in Scotland, pheasant shooting and fox hunting in England.

His first exhibition at the Royal Academy, London, was in 1840, with two paintings called " Grouse shooting " and " A Galloway farm ".

Grouse, if not destroyed at some period of their lives, would increase in countless numbers ; they are known to suffer largely from birds of prey ; and hawks are guided by eyesight to their prey, so much so, that on parts of the Continent persons are warned not to keep white pigeons, as being the most liable to destruction.

* Grouse videos on the Internet Bird Collection

Originally planned to be built on a site at Grouse Hill within Fylingdales, when the site was moved the name was not changed.

Black Grouse and Red Grouse are now extinct on Exmoor, probably as a result of a reduction in habitat management, and for the former species, an increase in visitor pressure.

However, in his book, V. C. Wynne-Edwards suggests that the primary reason for mortality in grouse population is homeostasis depending largely on food availability and that the ' Grouse disease ', due to the parasitic worm Trichostrongylus tenuis is a mistaken diagnosis of the after effects of social exclusion.

The Red Grouse is herbivorous and feeds mainly on the shoots, seeds and flowers of heather.

* Committee of Inquiry on Grouse Disease ( 1911 ) The Grouse in Health and in Disease, Smith, Elder & Co., London

Based on its stronger resemblance to the Siberian Grouse ( Falcipennis falcipennis ), the Spruce Grouse is now recognized as belonging to the genus Falcipennis.

* Video and photo of Ruffed Grouse on the Internet Bird Collection

Until the mid-20th century an ancient stone cross was present on this route at " Park an Grouse " ( The Field of the Cross ), this cross was one site of veneration of the Cornish sea deity Bucca, ( others were the beaches of Newlyn and Mousehole ) the name ' Bucca ' has often been used as a nickname for people resident in Newlyn: the location of the cross is now unknown.

Permanent bird residents include the Blue Jay, Northern Cardinal, Ruffed Grouse, and Carolina Chickadee, while Northern Flickers and other migrants use the Greenbelt as a stopover on seasonal migration routes.

Females of both species ( Sooty Grouse pictured ) are mottled brown with dark brown and white marks on the underparts.

Speciality bird species on the plateaux include breeding Ptarmigan, Dotterel, Snow Bunting, Golden Eagle, Ring Ouzel, and Red Grouse, with Snowy Owl, Twite, Purple Sandpiper and Lapland Bunting seen on occasion.

Dawn Dancers on Dun Grass The sharp-tailed Grouse and the Northern Prairies and Shrublands.

Status, Movements, Habitats, and Foods of Prairie Grouse on a Sandhills Refuge.

The missile pod is mounted on the right side of the weapons station and normally holds four 9M133 Kornet ( AT-14 Spriggan ) or 9M133F " Kornet " ATGMs with laser jam-resistant fire control system but these can be removed and replaced by a pod of 9K38 Igla ( SA-18 Grouse ) surface-to-air missiles.

The team sponsor used to be The Famous Grouse, a brand of Scotch whisky whose logo is shown on the team jersey and shorts.

Ski areas were set up on Grouse Mountain and Mount Seymour.

Since the assumed threat to Red Grouse is the main reason for the persecution of this species in the UK, a project funded by Scottish Natural Heritage, the Game & Wildlife Conservation Trust, the RSPB and Natural England was launched at Langholm Moor in Scotland from 2007.

The distinctive British Isles subspecies L. l. scotica ( Red Grouse ) was once considered a separate true British species but is now classified as a sub-species.

Despite being native to a country where the avifauna generally is relatively well known, it was overlooked until the 1990s due the similarities with the Sage Grouse, and only described as a new species in 2000 — making it the first new avian species to be described from the USA since the 19th century.

Its mascot, and later logo, the Red Grouse, was chosen because at the time it was thought to be an endemic British species ( it is now considered a sub-species of the Willow Grouse ).

Later in 1942 the unsuccessful Operation Freshman was mounted by British paratroopers ; they were to rendezvous with the Norwegians of Operation Grouse and proceed to Vemork.

From their drop point in the wilderness they had to ski a long distance to the plant, so considerable time was given to complete this part of the mission, known as Operation Grouse.

The Norwegian Grouse team thereafter had a long arduous wait in their mountain hideaway, subsisting on moss and lichen during the winter until, just before Christmas, a reindeer was encountered.

The party, code-named Operation Grouse, was led by Jens-Anton Poulsson and also included Knut Haugland, Claus Helberg and Arne Kjelstrup.

Later reconnaissance by Torstein Skinnerland and the Grouse team was also transmitted to London in the weeks leading up to the operation.

He created The Grouse Brand blend in 1897, which was later renamed " The Famous Grouse.

In 2007 a peated special version of The Famous Grouse called The Black Grouse developed for the Swedish market was released.

The following year a special version, meant for chilling, was released called Snow Grouse.

* The Famous Grouse was the primary sponsor of the Perth-based football team St. Johnstone between 1986 and 1989 and again between 1991 and 1998.

On 21 April 2006, White was named The Famous Grouse Scotland Player of the Season 2005 – 06.

Taylor was named The Famous Grouse Scotland Player of the Season for 2002 – 2003, fitting reward for performances encapsulated by his heroic defensive contribution to the game against England when he weighed in with 23 tackles.

Grouse are game, and hunters kill millions each year for food, sport, and other uses.

The area is good for rare birds, including Black Grouse and Goshawk.

* Grouse – A New Zealand variety used as a planting companion for forage brassicas.

* Black Grouse in the UK Published in support of the UK Biodiversity Action Plan for black grouse

The very rugged nature of the North Shore Mountains, including, predominantly, Grouse Mountain and Mount Seymour, have contributed to this area's reputation for hiking, skiing, and perhaps most famously, mountain biking.

Sage Grouse are notable for their elaborate courtship rituals.

Gunnison Grouse are notable for their elaborate courtship rituals.

This ability to cover large areas by flight is reminiscent of Ptarmigans, Sage Grouse and Syrmaticus Pheasants, all of which inhabit snowy regions and are obliged to forage for food by means of sustained flight during winter.

Some of these are permanent populations of sedentary non-migrants such as Tawny Owl or Red Grouse, whereas others have their numbers augmented by winter visitors from the continent ( for example Common Starling ), or depleted by winter hard-weather movements to Ireland or southern Europe ( for example European Goldfinch ).

All species have healthy populations, except for some population decline and habitat loss of the Sooty Grouse at the southern end of its range in southern California., and the Siberian Grouse which is considered near-threatened.

Guidelines for Management of Columbian Sharp-Tailed Grouse Habitats.

* GIS Database for Sage Grouse and Shrubsteppe Management in the Intermountain West

Once the Norwegian Grouse team managed to make contact with the British, the British were suspicious, as they had not heard from the SOE team for a long time: they had been dropped at the wrong place and had gone off course from there several times.

Management of the moorland helps improve the habitat for Red Grouse and the Short-eared Owl.

German reprisals started instantly and 200 armed Gestapo agents swept into Rjukan where they arrested 21 Norwegians for questioning, but the members of Operation Grouse slipped away into the wilderness of Hardangervidda.

Besides this impressively filmed sequence, Operation Gunnerside, Operations Grouse and Freshman and the final attack are depicted in location filming, in which snowy Norwegian locations serve as a backdrop for the plot.