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He was abbot of the monastery for forty years, during which the school of Luxeuil trained the Frankish aristocrats who became bishops in the Frankish kingdoms ; Waldebert oversaw the move of the monastery from the Rule of St. Columban to the Benedictine Rule, though in the rule he drew up for the convent of Faremoutiers he drew upon the rules of Columbanus as well as Benedict, but made no mention whatsoever of a ritual of either profession or oblation.
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was and abbot
In Egypt, the first home of monasticism, the jurisdiction of the abbot, or archimandrite, was but loosely defined.
By the Rule of St Benedict, which, until the Cluniac reforms, was the norm in the West, the abbot has jurisdiction over only one community.
The rule, as was inevitable, was subject to frequent violations ; but it was not until the foundation of the Cluniac Order that the idea of a supreme abbot, exercising jurisdiction over all the houses of an order, was definitely recognized.
Monks, as a rule, were laymen, nor at the outset was the abbot any exception.
The change spread more slowly in the West, where the office of abbot was commonly filled by laymen till the end of the 7th century.
Of these the precedence was originally yielded to the abbot of Glastonbury, until in AD 1154 Adrian IV ( Nicholas Breakspear ) granted it to the abbot of St Alban's, in which monastery he had been brought up.
The power of the abbot was paternal but absolute, limited, however, by the canon law.
When a vacancy occurred, the bishop of the diocese chose the abbot out of the monks of the convent, but the right of election was transferred by jurisdiction to the monks themselves, reserving to the bishop the confirmation of the election and the benediction of the new abbot.
It was necessary that an abbot should be at least 25 years of age, of legitimate birth, a monk of the house, unless it furnished no suitable candidate, when a liberty was allowed of electing from another convent, well instructed himself, and able to instruct others, one also who had learned how to command by having practised obedience.
In some exceptional cases an abbot was allowed to name his own successor.
The election was for life, unless the abbot was canonically deprived by the chiefs of his order, or when he was directly subject to them, by the pope or the bishop.
The newly elected abbot was to put off his shoes at the door of the church, and proceed barefoot to meet the members of the house advancing in a procession.
Before the late modern era, the abbot was treated with the utmost reverence by the brethren of his house.
The ordinary attire of the abbot was according to rule to be the same as that of the monks.
Thus we hear of abbots going out to hunt, with their men carrying bows and arrows ; keeping horses, dogs and huntsmen ; and special mention is made of an abbot of Leicester, c. 1360, who was the most skilled of all the nobility in hare hunting.
For instance, we read of Whiting, the last abbot of Glastonbury, judicially murdered by Henry VIII, that his house was a kind of well-ordered court, where as many as 300 sons of noblemen and gentlemen, who had been sent to him for virtuous education, had been brought up, besides others of a lesser rank, whom he fitted for the universities.
In process of time the title abbot was extended to clerics who had no connection with the monastic system, as to the principal of a body of parochial clergy ; and under the Carolingians to the chief chaplain of the king,, or military chaplain of the emperor, It even came to be adopted by purely secular officials.
was and monastery
This rule proved inconvenient when a monastery was situated in a desert or at a distance from a city, and necessity compelled the ordination of some monks.
From 796 until his death he was Abbot of the great monastery of St. Martin of Tours where he founded a library by obtaining copies of books from libraries in his native England.
It was not uncommon for the Merovingian, Carolingian, or later kings to make laymen abbots of monasteries ; the layman would often use the income of the monastery as his own and leave the monks a bare minimum for the necessary expenses of the foundation.
Aimoin ( c. 960-c. 1010 ), French chronicler, was born at Villefranche-de-Longchat about 960, and in early life entered the monastery of Fleury, where he became a monk and passed the greater part of his life.
After becoming a monk at the monastery at Winchester, he was appointed Abbot of Tavistock Abbey in around 1027.
Alexios became estranged from Maria, who was stripped of her imperial title and retired to a monastery, and Constantine Doukas was deprived of his status as co-emperor.
Alexius III was then confined to a monastery at Nicaea, where he died later in 1211.
A horrible reign of terror ensued, in the course of which the ex-tsaritsa Eudoxia was dragged from her monastery and publicly tried for alleged adultery, while all who had in any way befriended Alexei were impaled, broken on the wheel and otherwise lingeringly done to death.
He was put under the guardianship of his aunt Adosinda after his father's death, but one tradition relates his being put in the monastery of Samos.
His earliest years were passed in the monastery of Siresa, learning to read and write and to practice the military arts until the tuition of Lope Garcés the Pilgrim, who was repaid for his services by his former charge with the county of Pedrola when Alfonso came to the throne.
In the event it was a will that his nobles refused to carry out — instead bringing his brother Ramiro from the monastery to assume royal powers — an eventuality that Lourie suggests was Alfonso's hidden intent.
The Aragonese took Ramiro out of a monastery and made him king, marrying him without papal dispensation to Agnes, sister of the Duke of Aquitaine, then betrothing their newborn daughter to Ramon Berenguer IV, Count of Barcelona, who was then named Ramiro's heir.
Their one monastery was on the top of Monte Varese, near Lago Maggiore, on the spot where their foundress, the Blessed Catarina Morigia ( or Catherine of Palanza ), had first led a solitary life.
The kindness of some monks supplied him with his first workshop, which was the vacant cell of a monastery.
Diabelli was trained to enter the priesthood and in 1800 he joined the monastery at Raitenhaslach, Bavaria.
Arbroath Abbey was the basis for the description of the ruined monastery of St Ruth in Sir Walter Scott's The Antiquary.
A Benedictine monastery at the place was founded around 748 by a Frankish noble, Gumbertus, who was later canonized.
On his way from Enfide, Benedict met a monk, Romanus of Subiaco, whose monastery was on the mountain above the cliff overhanging the cave.
Bede ( ; ; 672 / 673 – 26 May 735 ), also referred to as Saint Bede or the Venerable Bede (), was an English monk at the Northumbrian monastery of Saint Peter at Monkwearmouth and of its companion monastery, Saint Paul's, in modern Jarrow ( see Monkwearmouth-Jarrow ), both in the Kingdom of Northumbria.
He is referring to the twinned monasteries of Monkwearmouth and Jarrow, near modern-day Newcastle, claimed as his birthplace, there is also a tradition that he was born at Monkton, two miles from the monastery at Jarrow.
was and for
The best antidote for the bitterness and disappointment that poisoned him was hard work.
He didn't think it was possible for this couple to be pretending.
It must have hurt her even to walk, for the sole was completely off her left foot and Morgan saw that it was bruised and bleeding.
It was the only thing in his life for which he felt guilt.
He knew who was riding after him -- the men he had known all his life, the men who had worked for him, sworn their loyalty to him.
Still, I was disgusted with myself for agreeing with Montero's methods.
He was naked except for a clout.
Now under me I could see him for what he really was, a boy dressed up in streaks of paint.
Well, the grass was there, though in some places the ground was too steep for a cow to get to it.
But it was not easy for him and he often slipped.
Now, here was something of obvious importance to me, yet when I reached for the tickets he snatched them away from my hand.
It was, I felt, possible that they were men who, having received no tickets for that day, had remained in the hall, to sleep perhaps, in the corners farthest removed from the counter with its overhead light.
I was constantly searching for clues around the neighborhood of the hall.
No one was behind it, but in the rear wall of the office I noticed, for the first time, a door which had been left partially open.
Was I sure, he asked, that I knew what I was applying for??
At one and the same time, she was within it but still searching for the drawbridge that would give her entry.
That was the day that he had practically mopped up the main street of Big Sands with Aaron McBride, field boss for the Highlands Oil & Gas Company.
It was payday for Highlands, and he was packing a lot of money back into the oil fields.
I was just doing my job, just following orders, and for that he's going to kill me.
Somehow more terrible than the certainty that he was about to die was the knowledge that Lord would probably not suffer for it: the murder would go unpunished.
He was readying a batch of sourdough biscuits for the Dutch oven.
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