In Ireland, Shane Butler said that AA “ looks like it couldn ’ t survive as there ’ s no leadership or top-level telling local cumanns what to do, but it has worked and proved itself extremely robust .” Butler attributed this to " AA ’ s ' inverted pyramid ' style of governance has helped it to avoid many of the pitfalls that political and religious institutions have encountered since it was established here in 1946.

His leadership style of consensual government, acting as a chairman rather than a president, won him much praise from historians and politicians alike.

Because of his style of leadership it was not he but Ernest Bevin who masterminded foreign policy.

Hitler's leadership style was to give contradictory orders to subordinates and to place them into positions where their duties and responsibilities overlapped with those of others.

According to Alan Reid's account, Erwin had no concerns about policy — his anxiety was entirely focussed on Holt's leadership style, his parliamentary performance and his public image.

These theories assume that an effective leader can accurately " read " a situation and skillfully employ a leadership style that meets the needs of the individuals involved and the task at hand.

Modern Japanese style training emphasizes the psychological elements incorporated into a proper kokoro ( attitude ) such as perseverance, fearlessness, virtue, and leadership skills.

He was also identified with the “ chieftain-like style ” of leadership.

Initiator of action, a pioneering spirit, inventive ideas, strong leadership skills, independent, drives to attain, individualistic style, executive abilities, extraordinary will and determination, courageous.

Frankel ( 2005 ) shows the Bismarck cult fostered and legitimized a new style of right-wing politics, and made possible the post-Bismarckian crisis of leadership, both real and perceived, that had Germans seeking the strongest possible leader and asking, " What Would Bismarck Do?

Two recent Prime Ministers, Margaret Thatcher and Tony Blair, achieved celebrity status, like rock stars but have been criticised for their more ' presidential ' style of leadership ..

His leadership style was however, quite different than that of ` Abdu ' l-Bahá, in that he signed his letters to the Bahá ' ís as " your true brother ", and he did not refer to his own personal role, but instead to the institution of the guardianship.

His absolutist style of leadership becomes a benchmark for the rest of Germany.

Kirk is described as able to find ways " through unanticipated problems to reach goals " and his leadership style is most " appropriate in a tight, geographically identical team with a culture of strong leadership.

Shackleton accepted this, even though his own background and instincts favoured a different, more informal style of leadership.

Again, Kennett failed to pick up the warning signs of declining support for his style of leadership.

Deeper problems arise when Dunson's tyrannical leadership style begins to affect the rest of the men.

In his adolescent years, Charles was noted for his bravery and style of leadership: at one point after becoming Dauphin, he led an army against the English, dressed in the red, white and blue that represented France ; his heraldic device was a mailed fist clutching a naked sword.

A physician by the name of Sayyed Imam Al-Sharif or " Dr. Fadl " was head of EIJ for some time, although eventually, Ayman al-Zawahiri, " whose leadership style was autocratic ," would take over.

Ortved — using interviews with writers Bob Kushell and Brent Forrester and Mirkin's assistant Charleen Easton — describes Mirkin as an " outsider " on the show, with the writing staff, at least initially, divided with respect to Mirkin's comedy and leadership style.

Building upon the research of Lewin et al., academics began to normalize the descriptive models of leadership climates, defining three leadership styles and identifying which situations each style works better in.

The authoritarian leadership style, for example, is approved in periods of crisis but fails to win the " hearts and minds " of followers in day-to-day management ; the democratic leadership style is more adequate in situations that require consensus building ; finally, the laissez-faire leadership style is appreciated for the degree of freedom it provides, but as the leaders do not " take charge ", they can be perceived as a failure in protracted or thorny organizational problems.

Following the advice of economic advisors who cautioned Armenia's leadership against the consolidation of economic power in the hands of a few, in January 2001, the Government of Armenia established the State Commission for the Protection of Economic Competition.

A new constitution in January 1976 established Democratic Kampuchea as a Communist People's Republic, and a 250-member Assembly of the Representatives of the People of Kampuchea ( PRA ) was selected in March to choose the collective leadership of a State Presidium, the chairman of which became the head of state.

The rebel Croatian Serbs established a number of paramilitary militias under the leadership of Milan Martić, the police chief in Knin.

In 1928, a division of biology was established under the leadership of Thomas Hunt Morgan, the most distinguished biologist in the United States at the time, and discoverer of the role of genes and the chromosome in heredity.

Several groups were established before the congress, which either opposed the Stalinist leadership ( the Ryutin Group ) or opposed socio-economic policies of the Stalinist leadership ( the Syrtsov – Lominandze Group, Eismont – Tolmachev Group and the group headed by Alexander Petrovich Smirnov amongst others ).

In 1651, the Dutch, reinvigorated by the leadership of Peter Stuyvesant, established a fort at present-day New Castle, and in 1655 they conquered the New Sweden colony, annexing it into the Dutch New Netherland.

Capacity building including a leadership programme, employee rotation and a new junior professional programme has been established.

However, the Visigothic nobles under the leadership of Pelagius of Asturias managed to defeat the Moors at the Battle of Covadonga, and subsequently established the Kingdom of Asturias.

In its place the North German Federation ( German Norddeutscher Bund ) was established, under the leadership of Prussia.

Menzies ' domination of the party, and the fact that Holt's succession had been established for many years, meant that a secure second rank of leadership had not been developed.

In October 1941, the small Albanian communist groups established in Tirana an Albanian Communist Party of 130 members under the leadership of Hoxha and an eleven-man Central Committee.

Under his leadership, Knoll created new jobs, gave factory workers annual bonuses, established a scholarship program for the children of employees, created retirement plans for employees who didn ’ t have any, and gave workers stock in the company.

Known in medieval Chinese sources as Tujue ( 突厥 tú jué ), the Göktürks under the leadership of Bumin / Tuman Khan / Khaghan ( d. 552 ) and his sons established the first known Turkic state around 552 in the general area of territory that had earlier been occupied by the Xiongnu, and expanded rapidly to rule wide territories in Central Asia.

Kirghizia was the only one the five states of Soviet Central Asia that voted their established Communist leadership out of power in 1990.

In 1997, tension within the BCP leadership caused a split in which Dr. Mokhehle abandoned the BCP and established the Lesotho Congress for Democracy ( LCD ) followed by two-thirds of the parliament.

In the Mexican Revolution the Mexican Liberal Party was established and during the early 1910s it lead a series of military offensives leading to the conquest and occupation of certain towns and districts in Baja California with the leadership of anarcho-communist Ricardo Flores Magón.

Within two months, a transitional government had been established under the leadership of Albert Zafy ( 1993 – 96 ), who went on to win the 1992 presidential elections and inaugurate the Third Republic ( 1992 – 2010 ).

The river roughly marked the southern border of the North German Federation, established in 1867 under Prussian leadership as the predecessor of the German Empire.

On 15 May Najibullah announced that a collective leadership had been established, which was led by himself consisted of himself as head of party, Karmal as head of state and Sultan Ali Keshtmand as Chairman of the Council of Ministers.

Under Farrakhan's leadership, the Nation of Islam established a clinic for AIDS patients in Washington, D. C., and helped to force drug dealers out of public housing projects and private apartment buildings in the city.

* 1964 – Soviet leaders Leonid Brezhnev and Alexei Kosygin are inaugurated as General Secretary of the CPSU and Premier, respectively and the collective leadership is established.

The Party and the State jointly established the Central Military Commission that carries out the task of supreme military leadership over the armed forces.