His mother was Empress Dowager Fujiwara no Junshi ( also called the Gojō empress 五条后 ), daughter of the minister of the left, Fujiwara Fuyutsugu.

His mother was Empress Dowager Fujiwara no Akirakeiko ( 明子 ), also called the Somedono empress 染殿后 ).

Emperor Nicholas II and his mother Dowager Empress Maria Fyodorovna in 1896.

* Empress Dowager Ding, mother of Murong Sheng

* Dowager Helan, mother of emperor Wei Daowudi ( b. 351 )

His mother Augusta of Saxe-Gotha becomes Dowager Princess of Wales.

His mother was Empress Dowager Fujiwara no Ishi ( 藤原苡子 )

* 1117 – 1160 Empress ( kōgō ) Fujiwara no Nariko ( 藤原得子 ), Empress Dowager Bifuku ( 美福門院 ), daughter of Fujiwara no Nagazane ( 藤原長実 ); mother of Emperor Konoe.

Only Otto III's mother Theophanu objected, as well as Otto III's grandmother, the Dowager Empress Adelaide of Italy, and his aunt, Abbess Matilda of Quedlinburg.

Because Otto III was still a child ( only eleven when his mother died ), his grandmother, the Dowager Empress Adelaide of Italy, became regent, together with Archbishop Willigis of Mainz, until he became old enough to rule on his own in 994.

Follow his coronation, a rift between Otto II and his mother, the Dowager Empress Adelaide of Italy, developed.

** His mother ( Janet Mountbatten, The Dowager Marchioness of Milford Haven ), wife, children, brother and nieces

A number of lives of Edward were written in the centuries following his death in which he was portrayed as a martyr, generally seen as a victim of the Queen Dowager Ælfthryth, mother of Æthelred.

Philippa married Edward at York Minster, on 24 January 1328, eleven months after his accession to the English throne ; although, the de facto rulers of the kingdom were his mother, Queen Dowager Isabella and her avaricious lover Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March, who jointly acted as his regents.

* Princess Dowager Helan, mother of emperor Wei Daowudi ( d. 396 )

His mother Empress Dowager Chu, becomes the ruling authority at court and served as regent.

During the Delicate Investigation, Caroline was not permitted to see her daughter, and afterwards her visits were essentially restricted to once a week and only in the presence of Caroline's own mother, the Dowager Duchess of Brunswick.

In 1241, when Isabella and Hugh were summoned to the French court to swear fealty to King Louis IX of France's brother, Alphonse, who had been invested as Count of Poitou, their mother, the Queen Dowager Blanche openly snubbed her.

During these minorities, the Empress Dowager ( i. e., the Emperor's mother ) would possess significant power.

Prominent examples include Empress Dowager Cixi, mother of the Tongzhi Emperor ( 1861 – 1874 ), and aunt and adoptive mother of the Guangxu Emperor ( 1874 – 1908 ), who ruled China for 47 years ( 1861 – 1908 ), Empress Wu Zetian ( who ultimately declared herself Empress, and was subsequently overthrown ) and the Empress Dowager Lü of the Han Dynasty.

Although the Emperor had the highest status by law, by tradition and precedent the mother of the Emperor, i. e., the Empress Dowager ( 皇太后 ), usually received the greatest respect in the palace and was the decision maker in most family affairs.

Her father later wrote to his mother, Dowager Empress Maria, on 10 September 1911, that the event had upset both girls.

After a few failed attempts at invasion, the brothers signed a peace treaty, arranged by Afonso's mother Queen Elizabeth.

They are heard of in the time of Alexander, when some of the king's biographers make mention of Amazon Queen Thalestris visiting him and becoming a mother by him ( the story is known from the Alexander Romance ).

At an early age, Catherine was considered a suitable wife for Arthur, Prince of Wales, the eldest son of Henry VII of England and heir to the throne, due to the English ancestry she inherited from her mother Queen Isabella I of Castile.

Mistreated and starved, the imprisoned Louis XVII was forced to confess to incest with his mother, Queen Marie-Antoinette, ( untrue ; separated early, son and mother were disallowed communication, nevertheless, the allegation helped earn her the guillotine ).

In 1585 negotiations were underway for King James to come to England to discuss the release of his mother, Mary, Queen of Scots, and in March Oxford was to be sent to Scotland as one of the hostages for James's safety.

His siblings were Princess Alice of Greece and Denmark ( mother of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh ), Queen Louise of Sweden, and George Mountbatten, 2nd Marquess of Milford Haven.

* 1327 – Teenaged Edward III is crowned King of England, but the country is ruled by his mother Queen Isabella and her lover Roger Mortimer.

Hidden beneath the paving around the pyramid was the tomb of Queen Hetepheres, sister-wife of Sneferu and mother of Khufu.

Her fifth child, Catherine, married King Henry VIII of England and was mother to Queen Mary I of England.

* Gertrude – Queen of Denmark, and mother to Hamlet.

His mother Queen Matilda named the infant prince Henry, after her uncle, Henry I of France.

' I am she that is the natural mother of all things, mistress and governess of all the elements, the initial progeny of worlds, chief of powers divine, Queen of heaven, the principal of the Gods celestial, the light of the goddesses: at my will the planets of the air, the wholesome winds of the Seas, and the silences of hell be disposed ; my name, my divinity is adored throughout all the world in divers manners, in variable customs and in many names, [...] Some call me Juno, others Bellona of the Battles, and still others Hecate.

* 2001 – Nepalese royal massacre: Crown Prince Dipendra of Nepal shoots and kills several members of his family including his father and mother, King Birendra of Nepal and Queen Aiswarya.

* 1901 – Edward VII is proclaimed King after the death of his mother, Queen Victoria.

In 1386, Jadwiga's mother Elizabeth and her sister Queen Mary of Hungary were kidnapped, probably on the order of Mary's husband and consort Sigismund.

Tarquin's mother, Queen Tanaquil, had aided in the selection of Servius Tullius as heir to the Roman throne when Lucius Tarquinius Priscus was assassinated by the sons of the previous king, Ancus Marcius, in 579 BC.

Also among the English gifts was a ceremonial coach, accompanied by a letter from the Queen to Mehmed's mother, Walide Safiye.

* Mary, Queen of Scots ( 1542 – 1587 ), mother of James I of England

* Mary of Guise ( 1515 – 1560 ), Queen Consort of James V of Scotland and mother of Mary, Queen of Scots

" Maria Feodorovna was the younger sister of Alexandra, Queen Consort of King Edward VII and mother of George V of the United Kingdom, which helps to explain the striking resemblance between their sons Nicholas II and George V. Her older brother was King George I of Greece.

Through her mother, Mary was a granddaughter of King Ferdinand II of Aragon and Queen Isabella I of Castile.

She was a granddaughter of the Elisabeth aforementioned, mother of the Jagiellonians, queen of Poland, who had claimed the Duchy of Luxembourg in 1460s as being the younger daughter of the last Luxembourg heiress Elisabeth of Luxembourg, Queen of Bohemia.

On June 1, 2001, Crown Prince Dipendra was officially reported to have shot and killed his father, King Birendra ; his mother, Queen Aishwarya ; his brother ; his sister, his father's younger brother, Prince Dhirendra ; and several aunts, before turning the gun on himself.