If the ball has left the field along the sidelines, the referee must decide which team touched the ball last, and award a restart stroke to the opposing team, just like football's throw-in.

** If a team is penalized in the final minute of a half and the penalty causes the clock to stop, the opposing team now has the right to have 10 seconds run off the clock in addition to the yardage penalty.

If an opposing player legally catches the ball ( all defensive players are eligible receivers ) it is an interception.

Furthermore, the Mohist philosophical canon of the Mojing, compiled by the followers of Mozi ( c. 470-c. 390 BC ), provides the earliest known attempt to describe inertia: " The cessation of motion is due to the opposing force ... If there is no opposing force ... the motion will never stop.

If the opposing party is served with the papers and fails to respond within the time limit provided for his answer, he risks having the case decided against him by default.

If we are to add a species to the overall reaction, the reaction will favor the side opposing the addition of the species.

If a player wants to force an exchange of queens, forking the opposing queen and king ( or an undefended piece ) with a protected queen can be useful.

If euchred while playing alone, the opposing team still only receives two points.

If either of these time periods expires, the whistle is blown, and the opposing team is given possession.

* If the current play results in having every square of the opposing camp occupied by one's own pieces, the acting player wins.

** If there is one unoccupied square before or behind opposing pieces then jumps multiple times over opposing pieces in a single turn forward or backward can and must be made, making angles of 90 degrees.

If the thrower misses the " scoring area " ( a demarcated area a bit larger than the space occupied by the opposing team ), the receiving team scores a point.

If it does, the umpire shall award the point to the opposing pair.

If the opposing player fails to claim his full score on any turn, the opponent may call out " Muggins " and peg any points overlooked by the other player.

* If a team scores from the tap off in sudden death, without the opposing team having had possession, the opposition have one set of six touches to score.

If one, or both of these opposing influences are non-linear, equilibrium point ( s ) result.

If a player catches a ball thrown by the opposing team on the full, then the player who threw the ball is eliminated, and the team that caught the ball can reinstate the player that has been out the longest ( or the player ( s ) whom the thrower eliminated ).

If a dodgeball hits an opposing player but gets caught by one of the hit player's teammates, the thrower is out, a player gets reinstated, and the player who got hit stays in.

If the dodgeball game is played on a basketball court and a player throws the ball and it goes into the opposing basket and / or it hits the basketball backboard on the full, the whole team gets resurrected.

If they are ten or more points behind, a rider with a scheduled ride may go out for double points, in which the riders points will be doubled if he beats a rider of the opposing team.

If a player is listed in the starting lineup as the team's pitcher, but is replaced before facing an opposing batter, the player is credited with a game pitched but not a game started ; there have been instances in major league history in which a starting pitcher was removed before his first pitch due to an injury, perhaps suffered while batting or running the bases during the top half of the first inning.

Koch consistently demonstrated a fierce love for New York City, which some observers felt he carried to extremes on occasion: In 1984 he had gone on record as opposing the creation of a second telephone area code for the city, claiming that this would divide the city's population ; and when the National Football League's New York Giants won Super Bowl XXI in January 1987, he refused to grant a permit for the team to hold their traditional victory parade in the city, quipping famously, " If they want a parade, let them parade in front of the oil drums in Moonachie " ( the latter being a town in New Jersey adjacent to East Rutherford, site of the Meadowlands Sports Complex, where the Giants play their home games ).

If a team calls Kemps or Quems, the opposing team checks to see if the partner who did not make the call has four of a kind.

If more than one player selects a tile in that row, then the player whose tile is in the leftmost column ( closest to 1 ) goes first.

If, however, there are no shares left when the chain is founded, then the founding player does not receive the free share.

If a tile is placed between two hotel chains of the same size, the individual player who places the tile decides which hotel chain remains on the board and which is acquired.

If a player holds onto his stock, he runs the risk that the acquired chain may not reemerge before the game ends.

If the opponents win the rally and their new score is even, the player in the right service court serves ; if odd, the player in the left service court serves.

If a player does not lift, his only remaining option is to push the shuttlecock softly back to the net: in the forecourt this is called a netshot ; in the midcourt or rearcourt, it is often called a push or block.

If the player and dealer have the same point total, this is called a " push " and the player typically doesn't win or lose money on that hand.

If the dealer busts, all remaining player hands win.

* Split ( only available as first decision of a hand ): If the first two cards have the same value, the player can split them into two hands, by moving a second bet equal to the first into an area outside the betting box of the original bet.

If the dealer's upcard is an ace, the player is offered the option of taking " insurance " before the dealer checks the hole card.

If a player wins two sets, or gets a win and a tie, that player wins the game.

If each player wins a set, or both sets end tied, there is a 3-end tiebreaker to determine a winner.

If the chains are long enough then the player will certainly win.

If the other player also knows to offer sacrifices, the expert also has to manipulate the number of available sacrifices through earlier play.

If a player rolls two of the same number, called doubles, that player must play each die twice.

If one player has not borne off any checkers by the time that player's opponent has borne off all fifteen, then the player has lost a gammon, which counts for double a normal loss.

If the losing player has not borne off any checkers and still has checkers on the bar or in the opponent's home board, then the player has lost a backgammon, which counts for triple a normal loss.

" If both opponents roll the same opening number, the doubling cube is incremented on each occasion yet remains in the middle of the board, available to either player.