If are independent and identically distributed random variables, each with a standard Cauchy distribution, then the sample mean has the same standard Cauchy distribution ( the sample median, which is not affected by extreme values, can be used as a measure of central tendency ).

If it is assumed that social change is not only affected, but in some points of view, directed by the advancement of technology, is it ethical to hold these technologies from certain people?

If one body has much greater mass than the other, its velocity will be little affected by a collision while the other body will experience a large change.

If PKU is diagnosed early enough, an affected newborn can grow up with normal brain development, but only by managing and controlling Phe levels through diet, or a combination of diet and medication.

If the state opposes, the parts of the treaty affected by the reservation drop out completely and no longer create any legal obligations on the reserving and accepting state, again only as concerns each other.

If the dangers can be localised then the affected regions can be made into parkland or green belt, often with the added benefit of open space provision.

If the area affected by the boundary includes multiple jurisdictions a special urban planning agency may be created by the state or regional government to manage the boundary.

If the tossup would have affected the outcome of the game then the question is held for reevaluation, at which time points are adjusted if necessary.

If, however, a digit is corrupted in transmission, rather than added or lost, only a single digit in the plaintext is affected and the error does not propagate to other parts of the message.

If the auditory nerve becomes damaged then the affected person will become completely deaf in one or both ears.

If a majority of those voting, as well as separate majorities in each of a majority of states, ( and where appropriate a majority of people in any affected state ) vote in favour of the amendment, it is presented for Royal Assent, given in the Queen's name by the Governor-General.

If the affected child is a genetic female, she too will be a carrier.

If one partition is corrupted, other file systems may not be affected.

If so, the IGWG will invite representatives from the affected FBI division, other federal agencies ( if appropriate ), the affected United States Attorney's office, and IGWG member agencies to meet and further review the case.

If this is so, the Sherden, pushed by Hittite expansionism of the Late Bronze Age and prompted by the famine that affected this region at the same time, may have been pushed to the Aegean islands, where shortage of space led them to seek adventure and expansion overseas.

If the affected person is pale-skinned, the patches can be made less visible by avoiding both sunlight and the tanning of unaffected skin.

If the exposure is singular and all of the affected individuals develop the disease over a single exposure and incubation course, it can be termed a point source outbreak.

If UV / Vis spectrophotometry is used in quantitative chemical analysis then the results are additionally affected by uncertainty sources arising from the nature of the compounds and / or solutions that are measured.

If the receptor for growth hormone is itself affected, the condition may prove harder to treat.

If this disorder comes on immediately after the first appearance of the ear, the straw is also affected — but if the grain is nearly or fully formed, injury to the straw is less discernible.

* If eyes have been affected, to irrigate with copious amounts of room-temperature tap water for at least 15 minutes, and if vision blurs or the eyes continue to tear, hurt, swell, or show light sensitivity after irrigating, or there is any concern, to see a doctor as soon as possible.

“ If we do not get this right then we risk leaving more British citizens out of work, and the most vulnerable group who will be the most affected are young people ,” he said.

If the affected region is small, it is reasonable to observe the progression of the illness as the problem often spontaneously regresses and the hair may grow back.

If the program hasn't halted yet, then it never will, since its contribution to the halting probability would affect the first N bits.

If the palette is only 64 colors ( so color indexes are 6 bits wide ), the symbols can range from 0 to 63, and the symbol width can be taken to be 6 bits, with codes starting at 7 bits.

If each character is stored in 8 bits ( as in ASCII or ISO Latin 1 ), the table has only 2 < sup > 8 </ sup > = 256 entries ; in the case of Unicode characters, the table would have 17 × 2 < sup > 16 </ sup > = 1114112 entries.

If the units b are single bits, then F ( S, b ) could be, for instance

If there are no more-significant bits, then take the value of the current bit position.

If all the non-zero bits were counted, then the intermediate result register now holds the final result.

If these bits are known ahead of transmission ( to be a certain value with absolute probability ), logic dictates that no information has been transmitted.

If, however, each is equally and independently likely to be 0 or 1, 1000 bits ( in the information theoretic sense ) have been transmitted.

If we compress data in a manner that assumes q ( X ) is the distribution underlying some data, when, in reality, p ( X ) is the correct distribution, the Kullback – Leibler divergence is the number of average additional bits per datum necessary for compression.

If the low-order bit is 0, the remaining 7 bits of the DSAP specify an individual address, which refers to a single local service access point ( LSAP ) to which the packet should be delivered.

If the low-order bit is 1, the remaining 7 bits of the DSAP specify a group address, which refers to a group of LSAPs to which the packet should be delivered.

If a compression scheme is lossless — that is, you can always recover the entire original message by uncompressing — then a compressed message has the same quantity of information as the original, but communicated in fewer bits.

If the alphabet consists of alternative symbols, each symbol represents a message consisting of N bits.

Alice could send bits to Bob in the following way: If Alice wishes to transmit a " 0 ", she measures the spin of her electron in the z direction, collapsing Bob's state to either or.

If all those bits are Equal to zero, skip the next instruction ; and in any case, replace those bits by their boolean complement.

If an eavesdropper intercepts the two bits, she may know exactly what Bob needs to do in order to recover the desired state.

If the sender has nothing more to send, the line simply remains in the marking state ( as if a continuing series of stop bits ) until a later space denotes the start of the next character.

If N bits are conveyed per symbol, and the gross bit rate is R, inclusive of channel coding overhead, the symbol rate f < sub > s </ sub > can be calculated as:

If there are no remaining input bits, the encoder continues output until all registers have returned to the zero state.

If an odd number of bits is changed in transmission, the message will change parity and the error can be detected at this point.

If the number of bits changed is even, the check bit will be valid and the error will not be detected.