If the list is a statistical sample, we call the resulting statistic a sample mean.

If elements in the sample space increase arithmetically, when placed in some order, then the median and arithmetic average are equal.

If the concentration of element or compound in a sample is too high for the detection range of the technique, it can simply be diluted in a pure solvent.

If the amount in the sample is below an instrument's range of measurement, the method of addition can be used.

If are independent and identically distributed random variables, each with a standard Cauchy distribution, then the sample mean has the same standard Cauchy distribution ( the sample median, which is not affected by extreme values, can be used as a measure of central tendency ).

If this critical sample is obtained at the time of hypoglycemia, before it is reversed, it can provide information that would otherwise require a hospital admission and unpleasant starvation testing.

If the degree of underrepresentation is small, the sample can be treated as a reasonable approximation to a random sample.

If entire segments of the population are excluded from a sample, then there are no adjustments that can produce estimates that are representative of the entire population.

If a sample of cobalt-60 atoms is magnetized so that they spin counterclockwise around some axis, the beta radiation resulting from their nuclear decay will be preferentially directed opposite that axis.

If the data set were based on a series of observations obtained by sampling from a statistical population, the arithmetic mean is termed the " sample mean " () to distinguish it from the " population mean " ( or < sub > x </ sub >).

If an upregulated gene is observed by an abundance of mRNA on the northern blot the sample can then be sequenced to determine if the gene is known to researchers or if it is a novel finding.

If we assemble a deck of 52 playing cards with no jokers, and draw a single card from the deck, then the sample space is a 52-element set, as each card is a possible outcome.

If we do not alter the system, then the parameter λ is unchanged from measurement to measurement ; if, on the other hand, we modulate the system by replacing the sample with a more radioactive one, then the parameter λ would increase.

If the parameter " dopefish " is added to the executable, a sample of burping is heard and Scott's Mystical Head is seen spinning in circles on the screen.

If subgroups ' variances differ significantly and the data need to be stratified by variance, then there is no way to make the subgroup sample sizes proportional ( at the same time ) to the subgroups ' sizes within the total population.

If the tip is moved across the sample in the x-y plane, the changes in surface height and density of states cause changes in current.

If the beam enters the sample perpendicular to the surface, then the activated region is uniform about the axis of the beam and a certain number of electrons " escape " from within the sample.

If all of the are drawn from the same distribution and the integer weights indicate frequency of occurrence in the sample, then the unbiased estimator of the weighted population variance is given by

If the collected sample contains too few sperm cells to likely have a spontaneous fertilization, intracytoplasmic sperm injection can be performed.

If it is desired to sample more of the exponential electron portion of the characteristic, an asymmetric double probe may be used, with one electrode larger than the other.

If the patient is infected with H. pylori, the breath sample will contain radioactive carbon dioxide.

If the circumstances are faced frankly it is not reasonable to expect this to be true.

If his dancers are sometimes made to look as if they might be creatures from Mars, this is consistent with his intention of placing them in the orbit of another world, a world in which they are freed of their pedestrian identities.

If a work is divided into several large segments, a last-minute drawing of random numbers may determine the order of the segments for any particular performance.

If they avoid the use of the pungent, outlawed four-letter word it is because it is taboo ; ;

If Wilhelm Reich is the Moses who has led them out of the Egypt of sexual slavery, Dylan Thomas is the poet who offers them the Dionysian dialectic of justification for their indulgence in liquor, marijuana, sex, and jazz.

If he is the child of nothingness, if he is the predestined victim of an age of atomic wars, then he will consult only his own organic needs and go beyond good and evil.

If it is an honest feeling, then why should she not yield to it??

If he thus achieves a lyrical, dreamlike, drugged intensity, he pays the price for his indulgence by producing work -- Allen Ginsberg's `` Howl '' is a striking example of this tendency -- that is disoriented, Dionysian but without depth and without Apollonian control.

If love reflects the nature of man, as Ortega Y Gasset believes, if the person in love betrays decisively what he is by his behavior in love, then the writers of the beat generation are creating a new literary genre.

If he is good, he may not be legal ; ;

If the man on the sidewalk is surprised at this question, it has served as an exclamation.

If the existent form is to be retained new factors that reinforce it must be introduced into the situation.

If we remove ourselves for a moment from our time and our infatuation with mental disease, isn't there something absurd about a hero in a novel who is defeated by his infantile neurosis??

If many of the characters in contemporary novels appear to be the bloodless relations of characters in a case history it is because the novelist is often forgetful today that those things that we call character manifest themselves in surface behavior, that the ego is still the executive agency of personality, and that all we know of personality must be discerned through the ego.

If he is a traditionalist, he is an eclectic traditionalist.

If our sincerity is granted, and it is granted, the discrepancy can only be explained by the fact that we have come to believe hearsay and legend about ourselves in preference to an understanding gained by earnest self-examination.

If to be innocent is to be helpless, then I had been -- as are we all -- helpless at the start.

If a child's top is tilted and spun rapidly, its rotation axis starts precessing rapidly about the vertical axis, so a point on the rotation axis appears to be executing a circular motion about the vertical axis.

If the Earth's axis were not tilted toward the sun, a vertical rod at the equator would have no shadow.

If the rotor disk is to be tilted forward ( to gain forward velocity ), its rotation requires that the downward net force on the blade be applied roughly 90 degrees ( depending on blade configuration ) before, or when the blade is to one side of the pilot and rotating forward.

If a conductor has significant resistance, then, near the surface of that conductor, the Poynting vector would be tilted toward and impinge upon the conductor.

) If the analemma is drawn in a diagram, tilted at the appropriate angle for an observer's latitude ( as described above ), and if a horizontal line is drawn to pass through the position of the Sun on the analemma on any given date ( interpolating between the date markings as necessary ), then at sunrise this line represents the horizon.

If the sample is oriented so that one particular plane is only slightly tilted away from the strongest diffracting angle ( known as the Bragg Angle ), any distortion of the crystal plane that locally tilts the plane to the Bragg angle will produce particularly strong contrast variations.

If tilted enough, the sparks turn blue, and the player gains a speed boost known as a " mini-turbo ".

If an external force cause the stone to move to the RIGHT, the forces that the road exert on the stone would be slightly skewed to the LEFT, thus the net force from the road on the stone will be pointing UP but LEFTWARD from the sum of all of the electrostatic forces ( tilted contact force ).

If the kangaroo is used, it is probable that Leptictidium hopped along with its body tilted forward, using its tail as a counterweight.

If however the knife is tilted, the relative motion of the knife is increasingly parallel to sample motion, allowing for a slicing action.

If one roller is raised by a known distance, usually using gauge blocks, then the top edge of the bar will be tilted by the same amount forming an angle that may be calculated by the application of the sine rule.

If one spouse belongs to the higher ranks of an order of chivalry, and is thereby entitled to surround his or her arms with a circlet of the order, it is usual to depict them on two separate shields tilted towards one another, this is termed " accollé ".

If the pelvis is tilted anterior and the legs brought behind, the erector spinae ( with aid from the lats ) bears more weight.

If the pelvis is tilted posterior and the legs brought in front, the rectus abdominis ( with aid from the psoas ) bears more.