These reforms were all reversed, however, after Cromwell's death and the last parliament to be elected in the Commonwealth period in 1659 reverted to the electoral system as it had existed under Charles I.

Nine women were burned to death for witchcraft in the town in 1659, and two centuries later in 1868, Dumfries was the site of Scotland's last public hanging.

A last desultory campaign followed in 1659 — the twenty-fifth year of a conflict between France and Spain which had begun during the Thirty Years ' War — and the peace of the Pyrenees was signed on November 5.

In 1292 Sigreda, the heiress of the manor, married Richard de Urmston, and the manor passed to the Urmston family and remained there until the last of the male Urmstons died in 1659.

The last Committee of Safety was set up on 26 October 1659 by the high command of the New Model Army just before the Restoration.

One of his last, and simplest, books of music is a collection of 29 chorales for five voices, which he published in 1659.

The national Synods at Alençon, 1637 ; at Charenton, 1645 ; and at Loudun, 1659 ( the last synod permitted by the French government ), decided against the excommunication of Amyraut but delimited his views in order to avoid further variance with historic Reformed orthodoxy.

Charles Ancillon ( 28 July 1659 – 5 July 1715 ) was a French jurist and diplomat.

The Commonwealth of England was the official name of the political unit ( de facto military rule in the name of parliamentary supremacy ) that replaced the kingdoms of Scotland and England ( after the English Civil War ) from 1649 to 1653 and 1659 to 1660.

Between 1653 – 1659 it was known as the Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland.

The mathematical description was derived in 1659 by Dutch physicist Christiaan Huygens.

Born in Boston, Colony of Massachusetts, to David Yale ( 1613 – 1690 ) and Ursula Knight ( 1624 – 1698 ), Yale was the grandson of Ann Lloyd ( 1591 – 1659 ), who after the death of her first husband, Thomas Yale ( 1590 – 1619 ) in Chester, Cheshire, England, married Governor Theophilus Eaton ( 1590 – 1658 ) of New Haven Colony.

The Commonwealth was briefly revived ( 1659 – 60 ), before the restoration of the monarchy in the person of Charles II in May 1660.

Nayler was released in 1659, but he was a broken man.

In 1659, he sent parliament his most politically radical pamphlet, Fifty nine Particulars laid down for the Regulating things, but the year was so chaotic that it never considered them ; the document was not reprinted until the 21st century.

The land was taken from Khoikhoi grazing land, triggering the first Khoikhoi-Dutch war in 1659.

So long as Ambrose continued at Preston he was favoured with the warm friendship of the Hoghton family, their ancestral woods and the tower near Blackburn affording him sequestered places for those devout meditations and " experiences " that give such a charm to his diary, portions of which are quoted in his Prima Media and Ultima ( 1650, 1659 ).

He held many college offices, becoming successively lecturer in Greek ( 1651 ), mathematics ( 1653 ), and humanity ( 1655 ), praelector ( 1657 ), junior dean ( 1657 ), and college steward ( 1659 and 1660 ); and according to the habit of the time, he was accustomed to preach in his college chapel and also at Great St Mary's, long before he took holy orders on 23 December 1660.

After Richard Cromwell, who had succeeded his father Oliver as Lord Protector in 1658, was effectively deposed by an officers ' coup in April, 1659, the officers re-summoned the Rump Parliament to sit.

It convened on 7 May 1659, but after five months in power it again clashed with the army ( led by John Lambert ) and was again forcibly dissolved on 13 October 1659.

The Long Parliament which Oliver Cromwell had dispersed in 1653 was once more summoned to assemble, by a declaration from the council of officers dated on 6 May 1659.

However, the Navy declared for Parliament, and on 26 December 1659 the Rump was restored to power.

This success was followed by The Cruelty of the Spaniards in Peru ( 1658 ) and The History of Sir Francis Drake ( 1659 ).

Celebration was outlawed in Boston from 1659.

In 1659, shortly before the restoration of the monarchy, the Protector's Council was abolished.

The first Trudeau to arrived in Canada was Etienne Trudeau ( 1641-1712 ), a carpenter and home builder in 1659 .< ref >

Jacob Roggeveen ( 1659 – 1729 ), a Dutchman, was the first known European to sight the Samoan islands in 1722.

The annexation was acknowledged during the Treaty of the Pyrenees in 1659, and it became a French province.

After spending 10 weeks abed, a recovered von Ascheberg returned to the battlefield in time to be in charge of the conquest of the island Møn in May 1659.

A secret added protocol, however, also provided that, if the French king extended his claims or were to continue his campaign of conquest, the alliance would use force to push France back to the borders of 1659.

* 1628: reunification of Fes and Marrakech, but Saadians didn't retrieve the control over many territories: Rabat, Salé and Tetouan ruled by Andalusis, Tafilalet by the Alaouites, Oujda by the Ottomans and many other territories lost to warlords, Zaouias leaders and refractory tribes ; they lost gradually the control over the territories that remained under their rule until 1659, when they disappeared from the Moroccan political and military scenes.

From 1653 to 1659, although still legally known as a Commonwealth, the republic operated under different institutions ( at times as a de facto monarchy ) and is known by historians as the Protectorate.

The government during 1653 to 1659 is properly called The Protectorate, and took the form of direct personal rule by Oliver Cromwell and, after his death, his son Richard, as Lord Protector.

Moses with the Ten Commandments, by Rembrandt ( 1659 )

* 1659 – The assault on Copenhagen by Swedish forces is beaten back with heavy losses.

The English established their main coastal town at Port Royal and by 1659, two hundred houses, shops, and warehouses surrounded the fort.

* 1659 – At the Battle of Konotop the Ukrainian armies of Ivan Vyhovsky defeat the Russians led by Prince Trubetskoy.

Moses with the tablets of the Ten Commandments, painting by Rembrandt ( 1659 )

However, the first detailed study of the Orion Nebula wouldn't be performed until 1659 by Christian Huygens, who also believed himself to be the first person to discover this nebulosity.

Moses with the tablets of the Ten Commandments, painting by Rembrandt ( 1659 )

A fleet commanded by Captain John Dutton ( first governor, 1659 – 1661 ) in the Marmaduke arrived at St Helena in 1659.

The Dutch settlers occupied the island for nearly half a century, but were dislodged several times: in 1629 by the Portuguese, in 1645 and 1659 by the French and in 1663 by the British troops.

* June 14 – Anglo-Spanish War ( 1654 – 1660 ) and Franco-Spanish War ( 1635 – 1659 ): Battle of the Dunes: A Spanish force attempting to lift a siege of Dunkirk is defeated by the French and English.

In 1659 Huygens derived the now well-known formula for the centripetal force, exerted by an object describing a circular motion, for instance on the string to which it is attached, in modern notation:

By 1659, the Portuguese had been expelled from the coastal regions, which were then occupied by the VOC, securing for it the monopoly over cinnamon.

Portugal had been helped by France, but in the Treaty of the Pyrenees in 1659 Portugal was abandoned by its French ally.