Although he did not make known his intention when creating the plates, art historians view them as a visual protest against the violence of the 1808 Dos de Mayo Uprising, the subsequent Peninsular War of 1808 – 14 and the setbacks to the liberal cause following the restoration of the Bourbon monarchy in 1814.

After or just before the dissolution, the Electors of Bavaria, Württemberg, Saxony, and Hanover each took the title of king of his former electorate ( in the case of Hanover after regaining his lands following Napoleon's defeat in 1814 ) while the King of Prussia extended his royal title to cover his erstwhile Electorate of Brandenburg as well as the lands he held as king outside the imperial border.

On September 3, 1814, following the Burning of Washington and the Raid on Alexandria, Francis Scott Key and John Stuart Skinner set sail from Baltimore aboard the ship HMS Minden, flying a flag of truce on a mission approved by President James Madison.

It was taken from Austria by the Treaty of Pressburg in 1805 and became part of Napoleon's Kingdom of Italy, but was returned to Austria following Napoleon's defeat in 1814, when it became part of the Austrian-held Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia.

File: The President's House by George Munger, 1814-1815-Crop. jpg | The White House as it looked following the conflagration of August 24, 1814

Partly destroyed by natural disasters and rebuilt several times during the following 200 years, and hit by Caragea's plague in 1813 – 1814, the city was wrested from Ottoman control and occupied at several intervals by the Habsburg Monarchy ( 1716, 1737, 1789 ) and Imperial Russia ( three times between 1768 and 1806 ).

The French equivalent ( the Restoration ), or the European Restoration, are also used as umbrella terms for such restorations following the fall of Napoleon in 1814, such as:

During the British occupation, in 1814, the leprosarium was once again opened after renovations, and following Enosis in 1864 the leprosarium again saw occasional use.

It regained the Bernese Oberland in 1802, and following the Congress of Vienna of 1814 newly acquired the Bernese Jura, once again becoming the largest canton of the confederacy as it stood during the Restoration, and further until the secession of the canton of Jura in 1979.

Seized by the spirit of revolution following the American and French Revolutions, as well as bridling as a result of the forced separation from Denmark and subordination to Sweden subsequent to the Napoleonic wars, Norwegians signed their first constitution in 1814.

The Bourbon Restoration is the name given to the period following the successive events of the French Revolution ( 1789 – 1799 ), the end of the First Republic ( 1792 – 1804 ), and then the forcible end of the First French Empire under Napoleon ( 1804 – 1814 / 1815 ) – when a coalition of European powers restored by arms the monarchy to the heirs of the House of Bourbon, who once again became possessors of the Kingdom of France.

When the two kingdoms of Denmark and Norway were separated by the Treaty of Kiel in 1814 following the Napoleonic Wars, Denmark kept Iceland as a dependency.

The continental blockade following shortly after ( 1806 – 1814 ) increased the research into developing chestnuts as a source of sugar, but Napoleon chose beets instead.

Peace was finally proclaimed with France in 1814, following Napoleon's defeat and consequent abdication.

* William Wordsworth, in the " Prospectus " ( written between 1798 and 1800 ) to The Excursion ( published 1814 ), composed the following lines:

By the Treaty of Paris of 1814 following the first defeat and abdication of Napoleon, France had to surrender almost all its conquests since 1792.

He had gained popularity when he defeated the Creek at the Battle of Horseshoe Bend in 1814, following victories in the War of 1812.

A sawmill was constructed in Howland in 1814, with a gristmill constructed the following year.

Tyrol remained divided under Bavarian and Italian authority for another four years, before its reunification and return to Austria following the decisions at the Congress of Vienna in 1814.

In 1815, he left again for England after the island of Java was returned to control of the Netherlands following the Napoleonic Wars, under the terms of the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814, but not before he was officially replaced by John Fendall on account of the poor financial performance of the colony during his administration, as deemed by the successors of Lord Minto in Calcutta.

The Treaty of Paris, signed on 30 May 1814, ended the war between France and the Sixth Coalition, part of the Napoleonic Wars, following an armistice signed on 23 May between Charles, Count of Artois, and the allies.

The distraught d ’ Holbach moved to the provinces for a brief period with his friend Baron Grimm and in the following year received a special dispensation from the Pope to marry his deceased wife's sister, Charlotte-Suzanne d ’ Aine ( 1733 – 1814 ).

In 1814 he became the British Ambassador to Portugal, returning the following year.

As wages did not similarly increase many agricultural labourers were plunged into poverty and following peace in 1814, the Tory government of Lord Liverpool passed the Corn Laws to keep the price of grain artificially high.

Rhoshirwaun Common, following strong opposition, was enclosed in 1814 ; while the process was not completed in Aberdaron, Llanfaelrhys and Y Rhiw until 1861.

In 1814, the government of Sultan Mahmud II took advantage of local disturbances to reassert their direct authority and held it until the final collapse of the Ottoman Empire.

18 May 1803 is the most commonly used date, as this was when a renewed declaration of war between Britain and France ( resulting from the collapse of the Treaty of Amiens ), ended the only period of general peace in Europe between 1792 and 1814.

He personally led the British troops ashore in Benedict, Maryland, and marched through Upper Marlboro, Maryland, to the attack on the Americans at the Battle of Bladensburg on 24 August 1814, causing the hastily organised militia of the American army to collapse into a rout.

After the collapse of the French Empire, Biel sent Georg Friedrich Heilmann to the Congress of Vienna in 1814 to push for the creation of an independent Canton of Biel.

Government ceased to exist with the collapse of the First Serbian Uprising on October 3, 1813, however later continued in exile in Hotin ( Russian Empire ) from 1813 until 1814.

Following the collapse of the Napoleonic system in 1814, the grand duchy was restored.

The establishment of the NHM could probably be seen as an attempt to bring new impetus to trade with the Dutch East Indies after the depression of the years of French domination ( 1795 – 1814 ) and the final collapse of the Dutch East India Company two decades earlier.

For carrying it out it is essential to to assess one's own strength correctly and at the same time understand the methods and aims of the other powers. The man who bases his political ideas on the weakness of his own country, who sees only dangers, or whose only desire is to remain stationary, is not pursuing a policy at all, and should be kept far away from the scene of activity. The years 1814 / 15 saw France in complete military and political collapse, yet no one at the Congress of Vienna followed a more active policy than Talleyrand — to France's advantage.

In 1814, the islanders fought successfully for independence from the Spanish after the collapse of the First Republic of Venezuela.

After the Act of Mediation and the collapse of the Helvetic Republic, Gersau became a district of the canton of Schwyz until 1814, when it regained its independence, with Schwyzer approval, centred around the 1745 Rathaus, containing council chambers and a courtroom ( now a museum ).

He was sent to Vincennes prison in France, finally being released in April 1814 with the collapse of Napoleon's government.

In European Spain, or just " the Peninsula " in the jargon of the Spains, after economic and human ravages of the Napoleonic Invasion ( 1808 ) and the War of Liberation ( 1808 – 1814 ) there ensued the aforementioned Latinamerican conflicts, in addition to the Carlist wars, the liberal-conservative wars, and the bleeding of people and resources into Latin America.

These proved crucial in 1813 and 1814, when Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington's army besieged the city in the Napoleonic Wars, only taking it when they used a bridge of ships across the Adour to position artillery around the city.

Diego Garcia became a colony of the United Kingdom after the Napoleonic wars as part of the Treaty of Paris ( 1814 ), and from 1814 – 1965 it was administered from Mauritius.

Originally colonized by the French, Diego Garcia was ceded, along with the rest of the Chagos Archipelago, to the United Kingdom in the Treaty of Paris ( 1814 ) at the conclusion of a portion of the Napoleonic Wars.

* 1814 – Napoleonic Wars: The Battle of Champaubert ends in French victory over the Russians and the Prussians.

* 1814 – Napoleonic Wars: The Battle of Montereau.

The German Confederation was created by an act of the Congress of Vienna on 8 June 1815 as a result of the Napoleonic Wars, after being alluded to in Article 6 of the 1814 Treaty of Paris.

* 1814 – Napoleonic Wars: War of the Sixth Coalition – the Treaty of Paris ( 1814 ) is signed returning French borders to their 1792 extent.

* 1814 – Napoleonic Wars: Sixth Coalition forces march into Paris.

* 1814 – Napoleonic Wars: Austrian forces repel French troops in the Battle of Arcis-sur-Aube.

* 1814 – Congress of Vienna opens to re-draw the European political map after the defeat of France, in the Napoleonic Wars.

During the Napoleonic Wars ( 1802 – 1814 ), Parma was part of the Taro Département.

Most of the possessions of the former VOC were subsequently occupied by Great Britain during the Napoleonic wars, but after the new United Kingdom of the Netherlands was created by the Congress of Vienna, some of these were restored to this successor state of the old Dutch Republic by the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814.

The immediate background was Napoleonic France's defeat and surrender in May 1814, which brought an end to twenty-five years of nearly continuous war.

The forceful manner of Prussian minister Baron von Stein, not the government administered by Russian Prince Repnin until November 1814 or the subsequent Prussian occupying force that lasted to June 1815, were responsible for the low morale in Saxony at the end of the Napoleonic Wars.

After the French Revolution and the French conquest of Italy, Umbria was part of the ephemeral Roman Republic ( 1798 – 1799 ) and of the Napoleonic Empire ( 1809 – 1814 ).

Danish intervention on France's behalf during the Napoleonic Wars ended with the severing of Denmark-Norway under the 1814 Treaty of Kiel, which granted mainland Norway to Sweden but retained the former Norwegian colonies under the Danish crown.

In 1804, during the Napoleonic wars, Vienna became the capital of the Austrian Empire and continued to play a major role in European and world politics, including hosting the 1814 Congress of Vienna.

In 1814 Denmark – Norway was defeated in the Napoleonic wars and the king was forced to cede Norway to the king of Sweden in the Treaty of Kiel ( January 14 ).

In 1814 Denmark – Norway was defeated in the Napoleonic wars and the king was forced to cede Norway to the king of Sweden in the Treaty of Kiel ( January 14 ).

Later, the Sixth Coalition besieged Metz during the campaign of 1814 against the Napoleonic France, but was unable to take the city defended by General Pierre François Joseph Durutte and his army.

Guadeloupe ( 1813 – 1814 ) came into Swedish possession as a consequence of the Napoleonic Wars.