This idea was proposed as early as 1803, by Jefferson, but was not used in actual treaties until 1817, when the Cherokee agreed to cede two large tracts of land in the east for one of equal size in present-day Arkansas.

* June 25, 1817 – A large riot breaks out in Copenhagen Prison ; the army is sent to quell it.

In 1817 Murdoch moved into a large new house he had built outside Birmingham.

The Irish began arriving in 1817 and settled in large numbers between 1830 and 1850.

Thomas Fitch eventually sold a large parcel of property to William Samuel Flemming Sr. in 1817.

Recognising that a large investment was needed to keep the river profitable, an attempt was made in 1817 to sell it to the Duke of Norfolk for £ 12, 000, but this came to nothing.

Between 1817 and 1831, the country was devastated by the chief Mzilikazi and his Matabele, and large areas were depopulated.

In 1817 the African Company of Merchants signed a treaty of friendship that recognized Asante claims to sovereignty over large areas of the coast and its peoples.

It lost large pieces of its territory with the formation of the Dioceses of Halifax and Kingston in 1817, the Diocese of Charlottetown in 1829, the Diocese of St. Boniface in 1844 and the Diocese of Montréal in 1852.

Permitted as early as 1817, dancing in New Orleans had been restricted to the square, which was a hotbed of musical fusionism, as African styles from across America and the Caribbean met and danced in large groups, often in circle dances.

Sir John died childless in 1817 and the estate passed to his brother Edward, together with a large sum of money left by Sir John in trust for the construction of a new mansion house.

In 1818 Laffitte saved Paris from financial crisis by buying a large amount of stock, but the following year, as a result of his vigorous defence of the liberty of the press and the electoral law of 1817, he lost the governorship of the Bank.

It was used for public hangings up until 1817, most of which were from a large oak which was replaced with gallows in 1769.

Originally built by the Worshipful Company of Drapers, the village was held in such esteem that they invested in a large scale reconstruction during 1817.

After becoming a military fortress in 1817, Nazran saw large numbers of Ingush population moving into it.

Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington is reputed to have been born in Dangan Castle between Trim and Summerhill, and a large column to him was erected in the town in 1817.

These are the Assumption Cathedral of the monastery of the greyfriars ( 1712 – 30 ) with a campanile from 1817 and the Jesuit collegium ( 1635 – 48 ), a large Mannerist complex, whose cathedral was demolished after World War II.

Some styles of bonnets between ca 1817 and 1845 had a large peak which effectively prevented women from looking right or left without turning their heads: a " coal-scuttle " or " poke " bonnet.

* 1817 – By the Rush-Bagot Convention Britain and the United States agree to keep large war vessels out of the Great Lakes.

On 19 October 1817, Baji Rao II celebrated the Dassera festival in Pune, where troops were assembled in large numbers.

In 1817 it had been decided that the section between Chichester and Chichester Harbour, unlike the rest of the canal, would be built large enough to carry boats of 100 tons.

Before 1817, the Clarion River was more commonly called " Tobeco ," likely a corruption of Tuppeek-hanne, meaning the stream that flows from a large spring.

Parts of the harbour were rebuilt after destruction by a violent storm on 19 and 20 January 1817, when thirty large boats, two seines and many smaller boats were destroyed and parts of the village including the Green and the Peak were inundated by the sea and a number of houses were swept away.

Baji Rao II, the last of the peshwas, who had attempted to shake off the British yoke, was defeated in the Battle of Khadki, captured subsequently and pensioned ( 1817 / 1818 ), and large portions of his dominions ( Pune, Ahmednagar, Nasik, Sholapur, Belgaum, Kaladgi, Dharwad, etc.

The history of the settlement of Mora dates to 1817 when a group of settlers petitioned for a priest.

A splinter group, the Separate Church of Preston, was established in 1747 and continued until 1817.

In 1817 the area was settled again by a group of Laotians led by Nai Lae, official from Viantiane Kingdom.

In about 1817, Chief Dingiswayo of the Mthethwa group in the south near the Tugela River, entered into an alliance with the Tsonga, who controlled the trade routes to Delagoa Bay ( now Maputo ).

This group crossed the Andes and defeated the Spaniards in the Battle of Chacabuco, on 12 February 1817.

William Nathaniel Bell ( March 6, 1817 – September 6, 1887 ), originally from Edwardsville, Illinois and later a resident of Portland, Oregon, was a member of the Denny Party, the first group of white settlers in what is now Seattle, Washington.

In 1817 Spix and Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius travelled to Brazil with a group of Austrian naturalists who accompanied Maria Leopoldina of Austria.

Sand's depression was further intensified by the destruction of Ruttli by the competing political group the Landmannschaft and the drowning death of Dittmar in 1817.

The American Colonization Society ( founded in 1817 ) was one such group.

In one such occasion, on January 17, 1817, A Spanish soldier who was on patrol with an assigned task to write down the names of the places he would come across within the course of his mission, happened to pass by a group of men who was digging gold on one of the gold mines.

One poster dated 1817 shows a group of " Java sparrows " who are advertised as knowing seven languages, including Chinese and Russian.

James Clark Ross, 1841, who named the group for David Lyall ( 1817 – 1895 ), MD, RN, FLS, Asst.

In the Maritimes ( now the Provinces of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and Prince Edward Island ), the original Scots Presbyterians were from two branches of the Secessionist United Presbyterian Church of Scotland, and prior to their union in 1817 which created the Synod of Nova Scotia, there was the Associate Presbytery of Truro, erected in 1786, and the Presbytery of Pictou, erected in 1795.

The mineral was first discovered in Saxony by August Breithaupt in 1817, and named by him from the Greek amblus, blunt, and gouia, angle, because of the obtuse angle between the cleavages.

The second period was characterized by the Spanish attempts to reimpose arbitrary rule during the period known as the Reconquista of 1814 – 1817 (" Reconquest ": the term echoes the Reconquista in which the Christian kingdoms retook Iberia from the Muslims ).

His mother lived in his house from 1817 until her death in 1839.

The disease first spread by trade routes ( land and sea ) to Russia in 1817, then to Western Europe, and from Europe to North America.

Following the completion of the Erie Canal in 1817, which opened up easier travel to Lake Erie from the East Coast of the United States, the Detroit River became a heavily traversed route for settlers traveling to northern Michigan, and Detroit, as well, experienced a sudden increase in population.

First proposed in 1807, it was under construction from 1817 to 1825 and officially opened on October 26, 1825.

* 1817 – Las Heras crosses the Andes with an army to join San Martín and liberate Chile from Spain.

In the later years of his reign he limited military spending, requiring it not exceed forty millions florins per year ; because of inflation this resulted in inadequate funding, with the army's share of the budget shrinking from half in 1817 to only twenty-three percent in 1830.

A six-wheeled locomotive was built for the Kilmarnock and Troon Railway in 1817 but it was soon withdrawn from service because of damage to the cast iron rails.

Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles, The History of Java ( 1817 ), the purest sulphur was supplied from a crater from a mountain near the straits of Bali.

The word " holomorphic " was introduced by two of Cauchy's students, Briot ( 1817 – 1882 ) and Bouquet ( 1819 – 1895 ), and derives from the Greek ὅλος ( holos ) meaning " entire ", and μορφή ( morphē ) meaning " form " or " appearance ".

Astor's business rebounded in 1817 after the U. S. Congress passed a protectionist law that barred foreign traders from U. S. territories.

Finally, he was sent to be minister to the Court of St. James's ( Britain ) from 1815 until 1817, a post that had first been held by his father.

Adams served as Secretary of State in the Cabinet of President James Monroe from 1817 until 1825.

James Madison engraving by David Edwin from between 1809 and 1817

Monroe believed that the Indians must progress from the hunting stage to become an agricultural people, noting in 1817, " A hunter or savage state requires a greater extent of territory to sustain it than is compatible with progress and just claims of civilised life.

He operated the family farm from 1788 to 1817, but sold it in the first year of his presidency to the new college.

According to William Seale, he took several slaves with him to Washington to serve at the White House from 1817 to 1825.

* 1817 – An army of 5, 423 soldiers, led by General José de San Martín, crosses the Andes from Argentina to liberate Chile and then Peru.

Coined in 1817 by Scottish inventor Sir David Brewster, " kaleidoscope " is derived from the Ancient Greek καλός ( kalos ), " beautiful, beauty ", εἶδος ( eidos ), " that which is seen: form, shape " and σκοπέω ( skopeō ), " to look to, to examine ", hence " observer of beautiful forms.

* James Monroe ( 1758-1831 ), fifth President of the United States, in office from 1817 to 1825

The couple had five sons and one daughter: Abraham ( 1807 – 1873 ) a graduate of West Point and career military officer ; John ( 1810 – 1866 ), graduate of Yale and Attorney General of New York ; Martin, Jr. ( 1812 – 1855 ), secretary to his father and editor of his father's papers until a premature death from tuberculosis ; Winfield Scott ( born and died in 1814 ); and Smith Thompson ( 1817 – 1876 ), an editor and special assistant to his father while president.

In 1817 the British Wesleyans arrived in the Canadas from the Maritimes but by 1820 had agreed, with the Episcopal Methodists, to confine their work to Lower Canada ( present-day Quebec ) while the later would confine themselves to Upper Canada ( present-day Ontario ).

It was not until 1817 that a second specimen of Pterodactylus came to light, again from Solnhofen.