* 1788 – Wilhelmine Reichard, German balloonist ( d. 1848 )

* 1896 – Otto Lilienthal, German engineer and aviation pioneer ( b. 1848 )

After the March Revolution of 1848, the German Confederation handed over its authority to the Frankfurt Parliament, and Eastern Prussia joined the Confederation.

The year after he wrote Das Deutschlandlied, Hoffmann von Fallersleben lost his job as a librarian and professor in Breslau, Prussia, because of this and other revolutionary works, and was forced into hiding until being pardoned after the revolutions of 1848 in the German states.

The term dialectical materialism was coined in 1887, by Joseph Dietzgen, a socialist tanner who corresponded with Karl Marx, during and after the failed 1848 German Revolution.

The word ' ester ' was coined in 1848 by German chemist Leopold Gmelin, probably as a contraction of the German Essigäther-acetic ether.

Under the guise of idealism giving way to realism, German nationalism rapidly shifted from its liberal and democratic character in 1848 to Prussian prime minister Otto von Bismarck's authoritarian Realpolitik.

German nationalism rapidly shifted from its liberal and democratic character in 1848, called Pan-Germanism, to Prussian prime minister Otto von Bismarck's pragmatic Realpolitik.

It collapsed because the rivalry between Prussia and Austria ( known as German dualism ), warfare, the 1848 revolution, and the inability of the multiple members to compromise.

Liberal and nationalist pressure led to the unsuccessful The Revolutions of 1848 in the German states | Revolution of 1848 in the German states

Growing discontent with the political and social order imposed by the Congress of Vienna led to the outbreak, in 1848, of the March Revolution in the German states.

But the 1848 revolution turned out to be unsuccessful: King Frederick William IV of Prussia refused the imperial crown, the Frankfurt parliament was dissolved, the ruling princes repressed the risings by military force, and the German Confederation was re-established by 1850.

After the attempts to achieve German national unity failed with the Revolutions of 1848, Wagner strongly relied on the picture of Henry as the actual ruler of all German tribes as advocated by pan-Germanist activists like Friedrich Ludwig Jahn.

* 1777 – Karoline Jagemann, German actress ( d. 1848 )

* 1848 – Thomas Herbst German painter ( d. 1915 )

* 1797 – Annette von Droste-Hülshoff, German writer ( d. 1848 )

In the German revolution of 1848, he was given a chance to make these views known when he was elected to the Frankfurt National Parliament.

He published various books during his lifetime, with the most notable being The Communist Manifesto ( 1848 ) and Capital ( 1867 – 1894 ); some of his works were co-written with his friend and fellow German revolutionary socialist, Friedrich Engels.

The first edition of The Manifesto of the Communist Party, published in German in 1848

* 1849 – The May Uprising in Dresden begins – the last of the German revolutions of 1848.

He had spoken boldly in favour of freedom for the Church in the Frankfurt national assembly in 1848, but he had found the authorities of his Church claiming a freedom of a very different kind from that for which he had contended.

Our endeavor to capture even a faint sense of how strenuous was the fight is muffled by our indifference to the very issue which in the Boston of 1848 seemed to be the central hope of its Christian survival, that of the literal, factual historicity of the miracles as reported in the Four Gospels.

* 1848 – Oregon Territory is organized by act of Congress.

The concept of allotropy was originally proposed in 1841 by the Swedish scientist Baron Jöns Jakob Berzelius ( 1779 – 1848 ).

" Simple Gifts " was composed by Elder Joseph Brackett and originated in the Shaker community at Alfred, Maine in 1848.

These negotiations were complicated by the sudden death of Lord George on 21 September 1848, but Disraeli obtained a loan of £ 25, 000 ( equivalent to about £ as of ) from Lord George's brothers Lord Henry Bentinck and Lord Titchfield.

In the then Victorian Colony ( now State of Victoria in Australia ), the ( Royal ) Victorian Bowling Association was formed in 1880 and The Scottish Bowling Association was established in 1892, although there had been a failed attempt in 1848 by 200 Scottish clubs.

In the Revolutions of 1848 Croatia, driven by fear of Magyar nationalism, supported the Habsburg court against Hungarian revolutionary forces.

Others believe it was a corrupted term of " Chilango ", meaning an inhabitant from Mexico City or Central Mexico ( i. e. the highland states of Mexico ( state ), Jalisco, Puebla ( state ) and Michoacán ); and even from the term " Chileno " by the Chilean presence in mid 19th-century California, when miners from Chile arrived in the California Gold Rush ( 1848 – 51 ).

The 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo transformed the Rio Grande region from a rich cultural center to a rigid border poorly enforced by the United States government.

The best English edition is by James Waterworth ( London, 1848 ; With Essays on the External and Internal History of the Council ).

A member of the Franciscan Order, she was beatified by Pope Pius IX in 1848.

In September 1848 Charlotte's brother, Branwell, died of chronic bronchitis and marasmus exacerbated by heavy drinking, although Charlotte believed his death was due to tuberculosis.

Doppler's research in Prague was interrupted by the revolutionary incidents of March 1848, when he fled to Vienna.

** In the former doge-state Venice, and while it was a republic resisting annexation by either the kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia or the Austrian empire, a former Chief Executive ( president, 23 March 18485 July 1848 ), Daniele Manin ( b. 1804-d. 1857 ), was styled Dictator 11 – 13 August 1848 before joining the 13 August 1848-7 March 1849 Triumvirate.

This view was met with ridicule, but was later supported by Hugh Edwin Strickland and Alexander Gordon Melville in their 1848 monograph The Dodo and Its Kindred, which attempted to separate myth from reality.

Hippolyte Fizeau discovered independently the same phenomenon on electromagnetic waves in 1848 ( in France, the effect is sometimes called " l ' effet Doppler-Fizeau " but that name was not adopted by the rest of the world as Fizeau's discovery was three years after Doppler's ).

During the insurrection of June 1848 the archbishop was led to believe that by his personal interference peace might be restored between the soldiery and the insurgents.

Eureka: A Prose Poem, an essay written in 1848, included a cosmological theory that presaged the Big Bang theory by 80 years, as well as the first plausible solution to Olbers ' paradox.

George Dragas, and the 1848 Encyclical of the Eastern Patriarchs ( which refers explicitly to the " Eighth Ecumenical Council " and was signed by the patriarchs of Constantinople, Jerusalem, Antioch, and Alexandria as well as the Holy Synods of the first three ), regard other synods beyond the Seventh Ecumenical Council as being ecumenical.

* The Tenant of Wildfell Hall ( 1848 ) by Anne Brontë is written in the form of letter from the narrator to his friend with the main heroine's diary inside it.

This was followed by The Pilgrims of the Rhine ( 1834 ), The Last Days of Pompeii ( 1834 ), Rienzi, Last of the Roman Tribunes ( 1835 ), and Harold, the Last of the Saxons ( 1848 ).

The puzzle was originally proposed in 1848 by the chess player Max Bezzel, and over the years, many mathematicians, including Gauss, have worked on this puzzle and its generalized n-queens problem.