In 1854, he was elected a Republican to the United States House of Representatives for Ohio's thirteenth district where he was the Republican candidate for Speaker in the long contest of 1859 – 60 and served as chairman of the Committee on Ways and Means from 1860 to 1861.

* Granville George Leveson-Gower, 2nd Earl Granville 1859 – 1865

Admiral of the Fleet John Rushworth Jellicoe, 1st Earl Jellicoe, GCB, OM, GCVO SGM ( 5 December 1859 – 20 November 1935 ) was a British Royal Navy admiral who commanded the Grand Fleet at the Battle of Jutland in World War I.

* November 20 – John Jellicoe, 1st Earl Jellicoe, British admiral ( b. 1859 )

The club has played there continuously since 1859 when lord of the manor, Earl Spencer, suggested it as a new site.

* Eliza Courtney ( 20 February 1792 – 2 May 1859 ), illegitimate daughter of the 2nd Earl Grey.

Sir George Nathaniel Curzon, 1st Marquess Curzon of Kedleston, KG, GCSI, GCIE, PC ( 11 January 1859 – 20 March 1925 ), known as The Lord Curzon of Kedleston between 1898 and 1911 and as The Earl Curzon of Kedleston between 1911 and 1921, was a British Conservative statesman who was Viceroy of India and Foreign Secretary, but who was passed over as Prime Minister in 1923 in favour of Stanley Baldwin.

* Granville George Leveson-Gower, 2nd Earl Granville ( 18 June 1859 – 6 July 1866 )

* The Earl of Hardwicke ( 1858 – 1859 )

* The Picton, a boys boarding house at Wellington College, Crowthorne, UK which is an English co-educational public school founded by Queen Victoria and Prime Minister The Earl of Derby in 1859 as the national monument to Britain's greatest military figure, the Duke of Wellington.

Frederick John Robinson, 1st Earl of Ripon PC ( 1 November 1782 – 28 January 1859 ), styled The Honourable F. J. Robinson until 1827 and known as The Viscount Goderich

* The Earl of Donoughmore 1858 – 1859

William Waldegrave Palmer, 2nd Earl of Selborne KG, GCMG, PC ( 17 October 1859 – 26 February 1942 ), styled Viscount Wolmer between 1882 and 1895, was a British politician and colonial administrator.

* Narrative of the Earl of Elgin's mission to China and Japan, 1857-8-9 ( 2 volumes ), Laurence Oliphant, 1859 ( reprinted by Oxford University Press, 1970 )

* Frederick William Hervey, 5th Earl of Bristol ( 1769 – 1859 ) ( created Marquess of Bristol in 1826 )

The consequence was that from 1859 till 1864 Lord Clarendon remained out of office, and the critical relations arising out of the Civil War in the United States were left to the guidance of Earl Russell.

Malmesbury served as Foreign Secretary under the Earl of Derby in 1852 and again from 1858 to 1859 and was also Lord Privy Seal under Derby and Benjamin Disraeli between 1866 and 1868 and under Disraeli between 1874 and 1876.

He was briefly Financial Secretary to the Treasury under the Earl of Derby from January to July 1859.

* The Earl of St Germans 1859 – 1866

), married 2nd 1896 George Ogilvy Haig ( born circa 1859 ), the brother of the 1st Earl Haig ( 4 children )

George Frederick Samuel Robinson, 1st Marquess of Ripon KG, GCSI, CIE, VD, PC ( 24 October 1827 – 9 July 1909 ), styled Viscount Goderich from 1833 to 1859 and known as the Earl of Ripon in 1859 and as the Earl de Grey and Ripon from 1859 to 1871, was a British politician who served in every Liberal cabinet from 1861 until the year before his death, which took place forty-eight years later.

* Sir William Fraser, Memorials of the Montgomeries, Earls of Eglinton ( 1859 ).

* 1859 – Archibald Peake, Premier of South Australia ( d. 1920 )

In order to obtain additional data for his theories on magnetism, he made a voyage to Australia in 1856 on board the ill-fated iron-hulled Royal Charter, the results of which appeared in a posthumous publication: Journal of a Voyage to Australia for Magnetical Research, edited by Archibald Smith ( 1859 ).

* Stuart married Frances Cornelia Baldwin ( 1815 – 1888 ), and with her had 8 children: Briscoe Baldwin Stuart ( 1837 – 1859 ), Alexander H. H. Stuart Jr. ( 1846 – 1867 ), Archibald Gerard Stuart ( 1858 – 1888 ), Eleanor Augusta Stuart ( 1838 – 1878 ), Frances Peyton Stuart ( born 1842 ), Mary Stuart ( born 1844 ), Susan Baldwin Stuart ( 1848 – 1867 ), and Margaret Briscoe Stuart ( 1855 – 1932 ).

With Martha he had six children: John Stevens ( b. July 1856 ), grandfather of Millicent Fenwick ; Edwin Augustus Stevens Jr. ( b. March 14, 1858 ); Caroline Bayard Stevens ( b. November 21, 1859 ), who married Archibald Alexander and then H. Otto Wittpenn ; Robert Livingston Stevens ( b. August 26, 1864 ); Charles Albert Stevens ( b. December 14, 1865 ); and Richard Stevens ( b. May 1868 ).

Archibald " Archie " Hunter ( 23 September 1859, Joppa, nr.

Archibald Henderson ( January 21, 1783 – January 6, 1859 ) was the longest-serving Commandant of the Marine Corps, serving from 1820 to 1859.

Nora Archibald Smith ( 1859 – 1934 ) was an American children's author of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and sister of Kate Douglas Wiggin.

Furthermore, other titles are held with the Earldoms are: Lord Montgomerie ( created 1449 ), Baron Ardrossan ( 1806 ) and Baron Seton and Tranent ( 1859 ).

Heidenstam was born in 1859, of a prosperous family.

On October 31, 1859, John Brown was found guilty of treason against the state of Virginia, inciting slave rebellion, and murder.

For these crimes he was sentenced to be hanged in public on Friday, December 2, 1859.

On December 2, 1859, John Brown was hanged at Charles Town, Virginia.

Lincoln rarely raised objections in the courtroom ; but in an 1859 case, where he defended a cousin Peachy Harrison, who was accused of stabbing another to death, Lincoln angrily protested the judge's decision to exclude evidence favorable to his client.

In May 1859, Lincoln purchased the Illinois Staats-Anzeiger, a German-language newspaper which was consistently supportive ; most of the state's 130, 000 German Americans voted Democratic but there was Republican support that a German-language paper could mobilize.

But political debate was cut short throughout the South with Northern abolitionist John Brown's 1859 raid at Harpers Ferry Armory in an attempt to incite slave insurrections.

The first ironclad battleship, with iron armour over a wooden hull, La Gloire, was launched by the French Navy in 1859 ; she prompted the British Royal Navy to build a counter.

The baneful influence of these antiquated principles was clearly shown in the maintenance of Königgratz-Josefstadt in 1866 as a strategic point, which was preferred to the defeat of the separated Prussian armies, and in the strange plans produced in Vienna for the campaign of 1859, and in the almost unintelligible Battle of Montebello in the same year.

Alfred Edward Housman (; 26 March 1859 – 30 April 1936 ), usually known as A. E. Housman, was an English classical scholar and poet, best known to the general public for his cycle of poems A Shropshire Lad.

The eldest of seven children, Housman was born at Valley House in Fockbury, a hamlet on the outskirts of Bromsgrove in Worcestershire, to Sarah Jane ( née Williams, married 17 Jun 1858 in Woodchester, Gloucester ) and Edward Housman ( whose family came from Lancaster ), and was baptized on 24 Apr 1859 at Christ Church, in Catshill.

In 1859, Charles Darwin's The Origin of Species was published.

Part of West Cambridge joined the new town of Belmont in 1859, and the rest of West Cambridge was renamed Arlington in 1867 ; Brighton was annexed by Boston in 1874.

Caving was pioneered by Édouard-Alfred Martel ( 1859 – 1938 ) who first achieved the descent and exploration of the Gouffre de Padirac, France as early as 1889 and the first complete descent of a 110 metre wet vertical shaft at Gaping Gill, in Yorkshire, England in 1895.

Its banner was again picked up by the Avar Imam Shamil, who fought against the Russians from 1834 until 1859.

Between 1859 and 1891, Peirce was intermittently employed in various scientific capacities by the United States Coast Survey, where he enjoyed his highly influential father's protection until the latter's death in 1880.

With the publication of Darwin's theory of evolution in 1859, the concept of a " natural system " of taxonomy gained a theoretical basis, and the idea was born that groups used in a system of classification should represent branches on the evolutionary tree of life.

The first census in Romania was carried out in 1859.

In 1859 his first painting was accepted and exhibited.

From 1859 a new design was developed for British clipper ships that was nothing like the American clippers.