To isolate the Danube from any Allied intervention, Marshal Villeroi's 46, 000 troops were expected to pin the 70, 000 Dutch and English troops around Maastricht in the Low Countries, while General de Coigny protected Alsace against surprise with a further corps.

" Approval from Louis arrived on 27 June: Tallard was to reinforce Marsin and the Elector on the Danube via the Black Forest, with 40 battalions and 50 squadrons ; Villeroi was to pin down the Allies defending the Lines of Stollhofen, or, if the Allies should move all their forces to the Danube, he was to join with Marshal Tallard ; and General de Coignies with 8, 000 men, would protect Alsace.

The campaign began well for Louis XIV's generals: in Italy Marshal Vendôme had defeated the Austrians at the Battle of Calcinato in April, while in Alsace Marshal Villars had forced the Margrave of Baden back across the Rhine.

In 1674 Marshal Turenne, French commander in that sector, failed to prevent the invasion of Alsace by a part of the imperial army.

He gained the rank of Marshal of France ( 19 December 1643 ) and soon departed to Alsace to re-organize the " Army of Weimar " ( the remnant of the late Duke Bernhard of Saxe-Weimar's troops ) which had just suffered a severe defeat at Tuttlingen ( November 24 / 25, 1643 ).

Troops from Germany commanded by Crown Prince Frederick and directed by his Chief of Staff, General Leonhard Graf von Blumenthal, defeated the French under Marshal Mac-Mahon near the village of Wörth in Alsace, on the Sauer, 10 km north of Haguenau.

Baldwin took possession of a much-reduced Flanders, lessened by the large chunk, including Artois, given by Philip of Alsace as dowry to Baldwin's sister Isabelle of Hainaut, and another significant piece to his own wife.

Soon they were fighting in Alsace, the Alps and Brittany, and by the end of the war in Europe, they were 1, 300, 000 strong-the fourth-largest Allied army in Europe-and took part in the Allied invasion of Germany.

During the War of the Austrian Succession, he took part in its forays and marches, though not in its atrocities, until wounded and taken prisoner in Alsace.

Here he relieved Frankenthal and took Hagenau ; then, joined by his master, the elector Frederick, he defeated Tilly at Wiesloch ( 25 April 1622 ) and plundered Alsace and Hesse.

Another example is the excavation which took place at Carspach ( Alsace region of France ) in early 2012, which uncovered the remains of 21 German soldiers, lost in an underground shelter since 1918, after being buried by a large-calibre British artillery shell.

They chiefly passed their time between Alsace and Paris, but at length took up their abode entirely in that metropolis.

He and his followers took part in a war in Gaul, assisting the Arverni and Sequani to defeat their rivals the Aedui, after which they settled in large numbers in conquered Gallic territory in the Alsace region.

At the beginning of the 14th century, the artisans in the cities began forming guilds and increasingly took over political control, especially in the cities along the Rhine, e. g. in the Alsace, in Basel, Schaffhausen, Zürich, or Chur.

However, as a consequence of this treaty Switzerland could do nothing when Louis XIV took Alsace ( in 1648 ), Franche-Comté ( in 1678 during the Franco-Dutch War ) and Strasbourg ( in 1681 ).

In certain districts of Alsace the peasants attacked the dwellings of the Jews, who took refuge in Basel.

St. Arbogast came from Ireland to Alsace and took the name of Arbogast because his Irish name was too difficult for the locals to pronounce.

His family had fled Alsace after the Franco-Prussian War of 1870 – 1871 and took refuge in Normandy, where they owned a woollen mill at Elbeuf.

In 610, he extorted Alsace from his brother and Theuderic took up arms against him, yet again.

He took command of the Seventh Army in August 1914-the army which was being used as a decoy for the attempted German invasion of France-and successfully defended Alsace against the French in the Battle of Mulhouse, for which he was awarded the Pour le Mérite.

On leaving hospital in Alsace in late 1944, Heusaff took up Hielscher's offer.

When this blissful calm ended, he took part in the offensive in Alsace, but in July the regiment was transferred to Tomaszew in Poland close to Warsaw, nearer to the Soviet frontier, where in spite of his junior rank he took command of a battalion.

The BVB also shares commuter bus lines in cooperation with transit authorities in the neighboring Alsace region in France and Baden region in Germany.

On the Rhine, an Imperial army under Louis of Baden captured Landau in September, but the threat to Alsace was relieved by the entrance of the Elector of Bavaria into the war on the French side.

The " Swabian-Alemannic " Carnival, known as Fastnacht, takes place in Baden and Swabia ( Southwestern Germany ), Switzerland, Alsace and Vorarlberg ( Western Austria ).

Alsace was merged with Baden, and Lorraine with the Saarland, to become part of a planned Westmark.

In 1940, Nazi Germany re-annexed Alsace-Lorraine during World War II combining Lorraine with the Saarland and Alsace with Baden.

Castroville was established in 1844 by Henri Castro, an empresario of the Republic of Texas, who brought several dozen European families to the area from Alsace and adjoining Baden to populate his land grant along the Medina River 20 miles west of San Antonio.

The ancestors of Pennsylvania German speakers came from various parts of the southwest corner of the German-speaking region of Europe, including the Electorate of the Palatinate, the Duchy of Baden ( Badenland ), Swabia, Württemberg, Alsace ( German Elsass ), and Switzerland.

** Upper-Rhine Alemannic in Southwestern Baden and its variant Alsatian ( in Alsace, France )

In the Middle Ages, the term Swabia indicated a larger area, covering all the lands associated with the Frankish stem duchy of Alamannia stretching from the Vosges Mountains in the west to the broad Lech river in the east: This also included the region of Alsace and the later Margraviate of Baden on both sides of the Upper Rhine Valley, as well as modern German-speaking Switzerland, the Austrian state of Vorarlberg and the Principality of Liechtenstein in the south.

In April 1943, Hofmann was transferred to Stuttgart as SS and Police Leader for South-Western Germany ( Württemberg, Baden and Alsace ).

Zwiebelkuchen, which literally means onion cake in the German language, is either a one-crust pie made of steamed onions, diced bacon, cream, and caraway seeds on a yeast dough or a leavened dough that is particularly popular in the German wine-growing regions mostly of Rhenish Hesse, the Palatinate, Franconia, Baden and Swabia ( a similar pie called Flammkuchen is also eaten in Alsace ), or a quiche variant in Switzerland, traditionally eaten in Basel during the Carnival and in Bern for the Zibelemärit.

Robert Heinrich Wagner ( 13 October 1895 – 14 August 1946 ) was Gauleiter of Baden and Head of the Civil Government of Alsace during the German occupation of France in World War II.

The German 19th Army, although not completely destroyed, lost the bulk of its experienced combat troops ( only the 708th Volksgrenadier Division escaped somewhat intact ) and was forced to reform in Baden, using large infusions of inexperienced Volkssturm to replace its grievous losses on the plains of Alsace.

In the fall of 1843, Castro recruits in Alsace, Baden and Switzerland.

Legend says that the " creators " of this dish were Alemannic-speaking farmers from Alsace, Baden or the Palatinate who used to bake bread once a week or every other week.

Long disputed, the predominantly German-speaking region of Alsace or Elsaß was annexed by Germany in 1871 ; after World War I, it was reintegrated into France.

He envisaged instruments in which the French late-romantic full-organ sound should work integrally with the English and German romantic reed pipes, and with the classical Alsace Silbermann organ resources and baroque flue pipes, all in registers regulated ( by stops ) to access distinct voices in fugue or counterpoint capable of combination without loss of distinctness: different voices singing together in the same music.

First mentioned by the Romans in 213, the Alamanni captured the Agri Decumates in 260, and later expanded into present-day Alsace, and northern Switzerland, establishing the German language in those regions.

Ammianus relates ( xvii. 1. 11 ) that much later the Emperor Julian undertook a punitive expedition against the Alemanni, who by then were in Alsace, and crossed the Main ( Latin Menus ), entering the forest, where the trails were blocked by felled trees.

Marlborough skillfully encouraged this apprehension by constructing bridges across the Rhine at Philippsburg, a ruse that not only encouraged Villeroi to come to Tallard's aid in the defence of Alsace, but one that ensured the French plan to march on Vienna remained paralysed by uncertainty.

Knowing Marlborough's destination, Tallard and Villeroi met at Landau in Alsace on 13 June to rapidly construct an action plan to save Bavaria, but the rigidity of the French command system was such that any variations from the original plan had to be sanctioned by Versailles.

Alsace is influenced by the Alemannic food culture ; as such, beers made in the area are similar to the style of bordering Germany.

In response, Army Group Upper Rhine ( Heeresgruppe Oberrhein ) group was formed to engage the advancing U. S. 7th Army ( under command of General Alexander Patch ) and French 1st Army ( led by General Jean de Lattre de Tassigny ) in the Alsace region along the west bank of the Rhine.

The Alsace capital of Strasbourg was liberated by Leclerc's French troops on 23 November 1944.

After being awarded the prize he tried to escape the media by hiding in the house of Simone's sister Hélène de Beauvoir in Goxwiller, Alsace.

Landau was later occupied by the French from 1680 to 1815, when it was one of the Décapole, the ten free cities of Alsace, and received its modern fortifications by Louis XIV's military architect Vauban in 1688 – 99, making the little city ( population in 1789 was still only approximately 5, 000 ) one of Europe's strongest citadels.

After 1871 Masurians who expressed sympathy for Poland were deemed " national traitors " by German nationalists ( this increased especially after 1918 ) According to Stefan Berger after 1871 the Masurians in the German Empire were seen in a view that while acknowledging their " objective " Polishness ( in terms of culture and language ) they felt " subjectively " German and thus should be tightly integrated into German nation-state ; to Berger this argument went directly against the German nationalist demands in Alsace where Alsatians were declared German despite their " subjective " choice.

Albert, by the grace of God king of the Romans, duke of Austria and Styria, lord of Carniola, over the Wendish Mark and of Port Naon, count of Habsburg and Kyburg, landgrave of Alsace

As part of the settlement, the territory of Alsace and part of Lorraine was taken by Prussia to become a part of Germany, and it remained so until the end of World War I when it was returned to France in the Treaty of Versailles.

Bismarck's demand for the return of Alsace caused a dramatic shift in that sentiment in Italy, which was best exemplified by the reaction of Garibaldi soon after the revolution in Paris, who told the Movimento of Genoa on 7 September 1870 that " Yesterday I said to you: war to the death to Bonaparte.

In prehistoric times, Alsace was inhabited by nomadic hunters, but by 1500 BC, Celts began to settle in Alsace, clearing and cultivating the land.

Alsace formed part of the Middle Francia, which was ruled by the youngest grandson Lothar I. Lothar died early in 855 and his realm was divided into three parts.