For example, in Costa Rica, Ecuador, Nepal, Kenya, Madagascar and territories such as Antarctica, ecotourism represents a significant portion of the gross domestic product and economic activity.

This usage has been regarded as Eurocentric by some, and the alternative terms Lesser Antarctica and Greater Antarctica ( respectively ) are sometimes preferred.

Transport in Antarctica has transformed from explorers crossing the isolated remote area of Antarctica by foot to a more open area due to human technologies enabling more convenient and faster transport, predominantly by air and water, as well as land.

Antarctica has 20 airports, but there are no developed public-access airports or landing facilities.

Of the three fossil fuels, coal has the most widely distributed reserves ; coal is mined in over 100 countries, and on all continents except Antarctica.

With the addition of Sierra Leone, Africa's first floorball nation, the IFF has at least one national association on each continent of the world, with the exception of Antarctica.

Due to the low abundance of irons in collection areas such as Antarctica, where most of the meteoric material that has fallen can be recovered, it is possible that the actual percentage of iron-meteorite falls is lower than 5 %.

Layouts are physical props intended to simulate a sort of alternate reality where life is easier than either the grim existence of the colonist in their marginal off-world colonies, or even Earth, where global warming has progressed to the point that Antarctica is prime vacation resort territory.

The Arctic Tern has the furthest migration, all the way to Antarctica.

Because the only mountain-building since then has been of the Stirling Range with the rifting from Antarctica, the land is extremely eroded and ancient, with no part of the state above 1, 245 metres ( 4, 085 ft ) AHD ( at Mount Meharry in the Hamersley Range of the Pilbara region ).

Deer are widely distributed, with indigenous representatives in all continents except Antarctica and Australia, though Africa has only one native species, the Red Deer, confined to the Atlas Mountains in the northwest of the continent.

Its southern counterpart, the aurora australis ( or the southern lights ), has almost identical features to the aurora borealis and changes simultaneously with changes in the northern auroral zone and is visible from high southern latitudes in Antarctica, South America, New Zealand, and Australia.

Antarctica has the lowest temperature ever recorded: at Vostok Station.

A consortium, the European Project for Ice Coring in Antarctica ( EPICA ), has drilled at Dome C in the East Antarctic ice sheet and retrieved an ice core which dates to roughly 740, 000 years old.

The international ice core community has, under the auspices of International Partnerships in Ice Core Sciences ( IPICS ), defined a priority project to obtain the oldest possible ice core record from Antarctica, an ice core record reaching back to or towards 1. 5 million years ago.

Thought to have originated in northern China, this rodent has now spread to all continents except Antarctica, and is the dominant rat in Europe and much of North America — making it the most successful mammal on the planet after humans.

Antarctica is almost completely covered by ice and has no permanent human inhabitants, making it uninhabitable by rats.

The family has a cosmopolitan distribution across the world, absent only from the densest forest of central Africa, some remote oceanic islands, the high Arctic and Antarctica.

The Fabaceae has an essentially worldwide distribution, being found everywhere except Antarctica and the high arctic.

Argentina claims a section of Antarctica ( Argentine Antarctica ) but has agreed to suspend sovereignty disputes in the region as a signatory to the Antarctic Treaty.

* Piri Reis map: several ancient astronauts authors, and others such as Gavin Menzies and Charles Hapgood, suggested that this map, made by the Turkish admiral Piri Reis from a diverse range of sources centuries before Antarctica was discovered, features that continent and even has many points of continuity with modern maps of Antarctica below its ice sheets.

The BAT names are published in the international Composite Gazetteer of Antarctica maintained by SCAR, too.

The huge amount of mountaineering or camping equipment for use in Antarctica is maintained and stored here.

The Antarctica New Zealand program once maintained a semi-permanent camp at Lake Vanda which has since been removed.

Although maintained by the Argentine Armed Forces, as all Argentine bases on Antarctica, it is operated by the civilian agency Instituto Antartico Argentino ( ).

The main objective of the ATS is to ensure < cite > in the interests of all humankind that Antarctica shall continue forever to be used exclusively for peaceful purposes and shall not become the scene or object of international discord </ cite >.

; 1959: The United States and other nations operating in Antarctica conclude a treaty that reserves the continent for peaceful and scientific research.

Article 1 of the main Antarctic Treaty forbids military activity in Antarctica, though military personnel and equipment may use the landmass for peaceful purposes.

While the former had a peaceful race of aliens urging humans to control their use of nuclear weapons, the latter's title creature stalked a crew in Antarctica, with the paranoid final words, " Watch the skies!

About 30 countries maintain about seventy research stations ( 40 year-round or permanent, and 30 summer-only ) in Antarctica, with an approximate population of 4000 in summer and 1000 in winter.

There is even a theory that Hitler ordered a research journey for such an opening in Antarctica, based on a speech of Admiral Dönitz in front of a German submarine in 1944, when he claimed " The German submarine fleet is proud of having built an invisible fortification for the Führer, anywhere in the world.

* RRS Discovery, a Royal Geographical Society research vessel which, under the command of Captain Robert Falcon Scott and Ernest Shackleton, was the main ship of the 1901 – 1904 " Discovery Expedition " to Antarctica which is still preserved as a museum in Dundee, Scotland.

The GDR research station in Antarctica that was opened on 1987-10-25 was named after Forster.

Specific research study performed in 2009 shows that the best possible location for ground-based observatory on Earth is Ridge A-a place in the central part of Eastern Antarctica.

On September 6, 2007, Belgian-based International Polar Foundation unveiled octagonal spaceship-like Princess Elisabeth station, the world's first zero-emissions polar science station in Antarctica to research on climate change.

Later research concerning the paleoclimatology and ice sheets of Antarctica have completely discredited the interpretations by Hapgood that an Antarctic warm period coincided with the last ice age in the Northern hemisphere and any part of it had been ice-free at and prior to 9, 600 BCE ( approx.

* Concordia Station, a scientific research station on Dome C, Antarctica

* Jinnah Antarctic Station, a station in Antarctica set up by Pakistan for research and observation purposes.

; 1996: NSF-funded research establishes beyond doubt that the chemistry of the atmosphere above Antarctica is grossly abnormal and that levels of key chlorine compounds are greatly elevated.

* In an episode of House M. D., Dr. House directs a mechanic at a research facility in Antarctica through the procedure to relieve the internal swelling in the facility doctor's head.

* Showa Station ( Antarctica ), a Japanese research station located in Antarctica

The division undertakes science programs and research projects to contribute to an understanding of Antarctica and the Southern Ocean.

McMurdo Station is a U. S. Antarctic research center located on the southern tip of Ross Island, which is in the New Zealand-claimed Ross Dependency on the shore of McMurdo Sound in Antarctica.

* List of research stations in Antarctica

Unilever is multinational with operating companies and factories on every continent ( except Antarctica ) and research laboratories at: Colworth and Port Sunlight in England ; Vlaardingen in the Netherlands ; Trumbull, Connecticut and Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey in the United States ; Bangalore in India ( see also Hindustan Unilever Limited ); and Shanghai in China.

Levels of gases in the atmosphere in 420, 000 years of ice core data from Vostok Station | Vostok, Antarctica research station.

* February 24 – Returning to West Germany from Antarctica, where in December 1984 it had become one of the first two German planes ever to land at the South Pole, Polar 3, a Dornier Do 228 operated as a survey and research airplane by the Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, is shot down over Western Sahara south of Dakhla by Polisario Front guerrillas, killing its entire three-man crew.

* The British Antarctic Survey, conducts scientific research in and around Antarctica for the United Kingdom

The organisation's goal was to promote Britain's claims to Antarctica, and secondarily to support scientific research.

Scott Base is a research facility located in Antarctica and is operated by New Zealand.