As a result of the political and economical tensions brought on by the Cold War, on 13 August 1961, East Germany began building of the Berlin Wall between East and West Berlin and similar barriers around West Berlin, and events escalated to a tank standoff at Checkpoint Charlie on 27 October 1961.

Clark Ashton Smith ( 13 January 1893 – 14 August 1961 ) was a self-educated American poet, sculptor, painter and author of fantasy, horror and science fiction short stories.

In August 1961 he quietly died in his sleep, aged 68.

* Nicola Canali ( 12 November 1946 – 3 August 1961 )

* Alfredo Ottaviani ( 3 August 1961 – 26 June 1967 )

Carl Barks ( March 27, 1901 – August 25, 2000 ) was an American Disney Studio illustrator and comic book creator, who invented Duckburg and many of its inhabitants, such as Scrooge McDuck ( 1947 ), Gladstone Gander ( 1948 ), the Beagle Boys ( 1951 ), The Junior Woodchucks ( 1951 ), Gyro Gearloose ( 1952 ), Cornelius Coot ( 1952 ), Flintheart Glomgold ( 1956 ), John D. Rockerduck ( 1961 ) and Magica De Spell ( 1961 ).

In Stanleyville, those loyal to the deposed Lumumba set up a rival government under Antoine Gizenga which lasted from 31 March 1961 until it was reintegrated on 5 August 1961.

From 13 August 1961 until 9 November 1989, East Berlin was separated from West Berlin by the Berlin Wall.

Sir Earle Christmas Grafton Page, GCMG, CH ( 8 August 188020 December 1961 ) was the 11th Prime Minister of Australia, and is to date the second-longest serving federal parliamentarian in Australian history, with 41 years, 361 days in Parliament .< ref >

Clyne became chief minister until Eric Gairy was elected in a by-election and took the role in August 1961.

The construction of the Berlin Wall in August 1961 and the sealing of borders by the East Germans made his government look weak.

Among the last bases to be closed were those at Kati, on 8 June 1961, Tessalit ( un base aérienne secondaire ), on 8 July 1961, Gao ( la base aérienne 163 de Gao ), on 2 August 1961, and Air Base 162 at Bamako ( la base aérienne 162 de Bamako ), on 5 September 1961.

Two suborbital flights were cancelled ; they began to look embarrassing after the Soviet Union had made a day-long orbital flight in August 1961.

However, in 1924, Czech physicist August Žáček ( 1886 – 1961 ) and German physicist Erich Habann ( 1892 – 1968 ) independently discovered that the magnetron could generate waves of 100 megahertz to 1 gigahertz.

On 5 August 1961, during practice for the 1961 German Grand Prix, Phil Hill became the first person to complete a lap of the Nordschleife in under 9 minutes, with a lap of 8 minutes 55. 2 seconds ( 153. 4 km / h or 95. 3 mph ) in the Ferrari 156 " Sharknose " Formula One car.

Created and developed in 1893 and introduced as " Brad's Drink ", it was later renamed as Pepsi-Cola on August 28, 1898, then to Pepsi in 1961.

With the construction of the Berlin Wall on 13 August 1961, along the intracity frontier, Potsdamer Platz now found itself physically divided in two.

* Solid state circuit with crossing leads, filed April 1961, issued August 1965, assigned to Fairchild Camera and Instrument Corp.

Founded August 24, 1690 by Job Charnock of the East India Company, and commonly called `` The City of Palaces '', it seemed a vast and elegant place to Ann Hasseltine Judson.

The normal rate of suicides in East Berlin was one a day, but since the border was closed on August 13 it has jumped to 25 a day!!

A second time he was excommunicated ; but in 1146 he took the cross at the meeting of Vezelay called by Louis VII, and in August, 1147 embarked for the East in the Second Crusade.

The first problem that caused the pause in reconnaissance flights took place on August 30, an Air Force Strategic Air Command ( SAC ) U-2 flew over Sakhalin Island in the Far East by mistake.

In August 2010 the Dead Kennedys announced plans for a short East Coast tour.

Blyton was born on 11 August 1897 at 354 Lordship Lane, East Dulwich, London, England, the eldest child of Thomas Carey Blyton ( 1870 – 1920 ), a salesman of cutlery, and his wife, Theresa Mary Harrison Blyton ( 1874 – 1950 ).

In August 1943, Churchill appointed Mountbatten the Supreme Allied Commander South East Asia Command ( SEAC ) with promotion to the acting rank of full admiral.

In August 1947, the West Bengal became part of India and East Bengal became part of Pakistan.

Together with Loyola and five others, he founded the Society of Jesus: on 15 August 1534, in a small chapel in Montmartre, they made vows of poverty, chastity and obedience, and also vowed to convert the Muslims in the Middle East ( or, failing this, carry out the wishes of the Pope ).

From August to September 1931 his explorations of poverty continued, and, like the protagonist of A Clergyman's Daughter, he followed the East End tradition of working in the Kent hop fields.

However, following a visit in early August to Egypt by British prime minister Winston Churchill and the Chief of the Imperial General Staff, General Alan Brooke, Alexander flew to Cairo on 8 August to replace Claude Auchinleck as the Commander-in-Chief of Middle East Command, the post responsible for the overall conduct of the campaign in the desert of North Africa.

Following the 1998 resignation of Suharto, on 30 August 1999, the people of East Timor voted overwhelmingly for independence in a UN-sponsored referendum.

The invasion of East Timor by Indonesia in December 1975 and its annexation in 1976 and the referendum on independence of East Timor from Indonesia in August 1999 strained Indonesia's relations with the international community.

Jack Kirby was born Jacob Kurtzberg on August 28, 1917, on the Lower East Side of Manhattan in New York City, where he was raised.

At the outbreak of war in August 1914, the governors of British East Africa ( as the Protectorate was generally known ) and German East Africa agreed a truce in an attempt to keep the young colonies out of direct hostilities.

In August 1956 he was sent to Beirut as a Middle East correspondent for The Observer and The Economist.

Middle East Report, August 13, 2002

Sir John Call, member of Parliament and the Royal Society, and former chief engineer of the East India Company, stated the advantages of Norfolk Island in a proposal for colonization he put to the Home Office in August 1784: “ This Island has an Advantage not common to New Caledonia, New Holland and New Zealand by not being inhabited, so that no Injury can be done by possessing it to the rest of Mankind … there seems to be nothing wanting but Inhabitants and Cultivation to make it a delicious Residence.

For its inaugural international event, the CPU sponsored a conference to be held on August 1, 1914, on the shores of Lake Constance in southern Germany.

* Brazil in World War II ( 1942 – 1945 ): Brazil declared war on Nazi Germany in August 1942 and in 1944 sent 25, 334 soldiers to fight in Italy.

On 23 August 1944, Romania quit the Axis Powers and declared war on Germany, and allowed Soviet forces to cross its territory to reach Bulgaria.

In August 2006, cases of bluetongue were found in the Netherlands, then Belgium, Germany, and Luxembourg.

On 19 August 1915, sank the White Star Liner with the loss of 44 lives-this included three Americans and led to a diplomatic incident between Germany and the US.

Félix Éboué in a contemporary World War II cartoonDuring World War II, Chad was the first French colony to rejoin the Allies ( August 26, 1940 ), after the defeat of France by Germany.

On August 4, 1914, Germany invaded Belgium, leaving Moresnet at first " an oasis in a desert of destruction ".

The concept of ' psychopathic inferiorities ' had been recently popularised in Germany by Julius Ludwig August Koch, who proposed congenital and acquired types.

For the two years between 1804 and 1806, Francis used the title and style by the grace of God elected Roman Emperor, always August, hereditary Emperor of Austria and he was called the Emperor of both Germany and Austria.

The first Bundestag elections were held in the Federal Republic of Germany (" West Germany ") on 14 August 1949.

That aggressive strategy worked as Germany pulled out of the League of Nations ( 1933 ), rejected the Versailles Treaty and began to re-arm ( 1935 ), won back the Saar ( 1935 ), remilitarized the Rhineland ( 1936 ), formed an alliance (" axis ") with Mussolini's Italy ( 1936 ), sent massive military aid to Franco in the Spanish Civil War ( 1936 – 39 ), seized Austria ( 1938 ), took over Czechoslovakia after the British and French appeasement of the Munich Agreement of 1938, formed a peace pact with Joseph Stalin's Soviet Union in August 1939, and finally invaded Poland in September 1939.

On August 23, 1939, Germany and the Soviet Union signed the Molotov – Ribbentrop non-aggression pact, which secretly provided for the dismemberment of Poland into Nazi and Soviet-controlled zones.

On 1 August both Germany and France ordered mobilization.

On 3 August Germany declared war on France, going through Belgium.

The Charter of the German Expellees () of August 5, 1950, announced their belief in requiring that " the right to the homeland is recognized and carried out as one of the fundamental rights of mankind given by God ", while renouncing revenge and retaliation in the face of the " unending suffering " ( unendliche Leid ) of the previous decade, and supporting the unified effort to rebuild Germany and Europe.

In August 1939, after Stalin's attempts to establish an Anglo-Franco-Soviet Alliance failed, Stalin entered into a pact with Nazi Germany that divided their influence in Eastern Europe and allowed the USSR to regain some of its lost territories.

After a failed attempt to sign an anti-German military alliance with France and Britain and talks with Germany regarding a potential political deal, on 23 August 1939, the Soviet Union entered into a non-aggression pact with Nazi Germany, negotiated by Soviet foreign minister Vyacheslav Molotov and German foreign minister Joachim von Ribbentrop.

Prime Minister of the United Kingdom | British Prime Minister Clement Attlee, President of the United States | U. S. President Harry S. Truman and Joseph Stalin at the Potsdam Conference, July 1945. At the Potsdam Conference from July to August 1945, though Germany had surrendered months earlier, instead of withdrawing Soviet forces from Eastern European countries, Stalin had not moved those forces.

In August 2003, Polgár played an eight-game rapid chess match in Mainz, Germany against Viswanathan Anand, billed as the " Battle of the Sexes ".

On 11 August 1939, Ribbentrop met the Italian Foreign Minister, Count Galeazzo Ciano, and the Italian Ambassador to Germany, Count Bernardo Attolico, in Salzburg.

The signing of the Molotov – Ribbentrop Pact on 23 August 1939 not only won Germany an informal alliance with the Soviet Union, but also neutralized Anglo-French attempts to win Turkey to the “ peace front ”.

On 25 August 1939, Ribbentrop's influence with Hitler wavered for a moment when the news reached Berlin of the ratification of the Anglo-Polish military alliance and a personal message from Mussolini telling Hitler that Italy would dishonour the Pact of Steel if Germany attacked Poland.