* 1859 – Petroleum is discovered in Titusville, Pennsylvania leading to the world's first commercially successful oil well.

The first ironclad battleship, with iron armour over a wooden hull, La Gloire, was launched by the French Navy in 1859 ; she prompted the British Royal Navy to build a counter.

He first joined the Independent Order of Odd Fellows in 1840 then had in the interim joined a Masonic Lodge and become extremely active in the affairs of the organization, being elected Sovereign Grand Commander of the Scottish Rite's Southern Jurisdiction in 1859.

Caving was pioneered by Édouard-Alfred Martel ( 1859 – 1938 ) who first achieved the descent and exploration of the Gouffre de Padirac, France as early as 1889 and the first complete descent of a 110 metre wet vertical shaft at Gaping Gill, in Yorkshire, England in 1895.

The first census in Romania was carried out in 1859.

The independent Princedom of Serbia, had conducted the first population census in 1834 ; the subsequent censuses were conducted in 1841, 1843, 1846, 1850, 1854, 1859, 1863 and 1866 and 1874.

In 1859 his first painting was accepted and exhibited.

Biogeographer Alexander von Humbolt ( 1769 – 1859 ) was an early pioneer in ecological thinking and was among the first to recognize ecological gradients, where species are replaced or altered in form along environmental gradients, such as a cline forming along a rise in elevation.

For example, at the time that Darwin first published On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection ( 1859 ), no remains of human ancestors had yet been found.

The practice of first aid fell largely in to disuse during the High Middle Ages, and organized societies were not seen again until in 1859 Jean-Henri Dunant organized local villagers to help victims of the Battle of Solferino, including the provision of first aid.

Her first complete novel, published in 1859, was Adam Bede and was an instant success, but it prompted an intense interest in who this new author might be.

In January 1606, during the first sitting of Parliament since the plot, the Observance of 5th November Act 1605 was passed, making services and sermons commemorating the event an annual feature of English life ; the act remained in force until 1859.

On August 28, 1859, George Bissell and Edwin L. Drake made the first successful use of a drilling rig on a well drilled especially to produce oil, at a site on Oil Creek near Titusville, Pennsylvania.

* Carl Ritter ( 1779 – 1859 ), considered to be one of the founding fathers of modern geography and first chair in geography at the Humboldt University of Berlin, also noted for his use of organic analogy in his works.

Smith found that the 1826 letter by James Curtis cited by Dunn and others as the first known use of the term was actually written in 1846, and a 1827 diary entry by Sandford and Son ( published in a newspaper in 1859 ) was likely an editorial comment and not from the original diary.

This defense was first used by U. S. Congressman Daniel Sickles of New York in 1859 after he had killed his wife's lover, Philip Barton Key, but was most used during the 1940s and 1950s.

After finishing the 1859 – 1860 theatre season in Richmond, Virginia, Booth embarked on his first national tour as a leading actor.

In 1859 Marx published Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy, his first serious economic work.

First published in 1859, it sold 10, 000 copies within the first week.

The first documented case is that of Marie-Angélique Duchemin ( 1772 – 1859 ), who fought in the Revolutionary Wars, received a military disability pension in 1798, the rank of 2nd lieutenant in 1822, and the Legion of Honor in 1852.

After he became regent in 1859, Prussia bought its first 312 steel cannon from Krupp, which became the main arms manufacturer for the Prussian military.

Harvard appointed him professor of zoology and geology, and he founded the Museum of Comparative Zoology there in 1859 serving as the museum's first director until his death in 1873.

The northern provinces had remained loyal to the Emperor, and hoping to avoid a civil war, Sun Yat-Sen – already proclaimed " provisional president " by his supporters – had come to a compromise with the Emperor's key ally Yuan Shikai ( 1859 – 1916 ); the monarchy would be abolished, and Late Imperial China would be converted into a new Republic of China, but it would be the royalist Yuan and not the revolutionary Sun who would become its first President.

Perhaps Mrs. Meynell would do me the undeserved kindness to keep my own copy of the first edition of my first book, with all its mementos of her and the dear ones.

The first substantially complete stereo Giselle ( and the only one of its scope since Feyer's four-sided LP edition of 1958 for Angel ), this set is, I'm afraid, likely to provide more horrid fascination than enjoyment.

The first edition of the standard was published during 1963, a major revision during 1967, and the most recent update during 1986.

Bates originally wrote the words as a poem, Pikes Peak, first published in the Fourth of July edition of the church periodical The Congregationalist in 1895.

In early 1776, Thomas Paine argued in the closing pages of the first edition of Common Sense that the “ custom of nations ” demanded a formal declaration of American independence if any European power were to mediate a peace between the Americans and Great Britain.

( Copy of the first edition )

The first surviving edition ( bilingual Swedish – Esperanto ) was published in Sweden in 2003.

The first mention of " The Ashes " in Wisden Cricketers ' Almanack occurs in 1905, while Wisdens first account of the legend is in the 1922 edition.

New History in France: The Triumph of the Annales, ( 1994, first French edition, 1987 ) excerpt and text search

an Autobiographical Poem ( 1887 ; first edition privately printed in 1882 )

The first ' modern ' publication of Alcaeus ' verses appeared in a Greek and Latin edition of fragments collected from the canonic nine lyrical poets by Michael Neander, published at Basle in 1556.

The first separate edition of Alcaeus was by Christian David Jani and it was published at Halle in 1780.

Between 1424 and 1433 he worked on the translation of the Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers by Diogenes Laërtius, which came to be widely circulated in manuscript form and was published at Rome in 1472 ( the first printed edition of the Lives ; the Greek text was printed only in 1533 ).

First page of the first edition of the Isagoge commentary, Venice 1500

* 1828 – Noah Webster copyrights the first edition of his dictionary.

Informally known as " The Big Book " ( with its first 164 pages virtually unchanged since the 1939 edition ), it suggests a twelve-step program in which members admit that they are powerless over alcohol and need help from a " higher power "; seek guidance and strength through prayer and meditation from God or Higher Power of their own understanding ; take a moral inventory with care to include resentments ; list and become ready to remove character defects ; list and make amends to those harmed, and then try to help other alcoholics recover.

In the Fort Worth Star-Telegram daily newspaper ( morning edition ) 19 September 1970, J. Howard " Doc " DeCelles states that he was actually the victim of the first skyjacking in December 1929.

* Robert Pirsig, Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance: An Inquiry into Values, 1974, paperpack, or hardback first edition ISBN 0-688-00230-7

Cover of first English language edition.

A History of African Americans, by John Hope Franklin, Alfred Moss, McGraw-Hill Education 2001, standard work, first edition in 1947.

For example, the General Mills Betty Crocker's Cookbook, first published in 1950 and currently in its 10th edition, is commonly found in American homes.

Cover of the first English edition of Benjamin Franklin's autobiography, 1793

:: 1973, 1995 *( Ajax also won in 1972, however, UEFA only sanctioned the UEFA Super Cup for the first time in 1973 so the 1972 edition was an unofficial one.