In mathematics a combination is a way of selecting several things out of a larger group, where ( unlike permutations ) order does not matter.

The mathematics of crystal structures developed by Bravais, Federov and others was used to classify crystals by their symmetry group, and tables of crystal structures were the basis for the series International Tables of Crystallography, first published in 1935.

In mathematics, particularly in the area of abstract algebra known as group theory, a characteristic subgroup is a subgroup that is invariant under all automorphisms of the parent group.

In mathematics, the classification of the finite simple groups is a theorem stating that every finite simple group belongs to one of four categories described below.

Cartesian coordinates are the foundation of analytic geometry, and provide enlightening geometric interpretations for many other branches of mathematics, such as linear algebra, complex analysis, differential geometry, multivariate calculus, group theory, and more.

A statistical analysis of the effect of dianetic therapy as measured by group tests of intelligence, mathematics and personality.

In mathematics, more specifically in abstract algebra, the commutator subgroup or derived subgroup of a group is the subgroup generated by all the commutators of the group.

In mathematics and abstract algebra, a group is the algebraic structure, where is a non-empty set and denotes a binary operation called the group operation.

He was the first to use the word " group " () as a technical term in mathematics to represent a group of permutations.

* E2 or E < sub > 2 </ sub > is an old name for the exceptional group G2 ( mathematics )

In mathematics, more specifically algebraic topology, the fundamental group ( defined by Henri Poincaré in his article Analysis Situs, published in 1895 ) is a group associated to any given pointed topological space that provides a way of determining when two paths, starting and ending at a fixed base point, can be continuously deformed into each other.

There are many distinct FFT algorithms involving a wide range of mathematics, from simple complex-number arithmetic to group theory and number theory ; this article gives an overview of the available techniques and some of their general properties, while the specific algorithms are described in subsidiary articles linked below.

In mathematics, specifically group theory, a quotient group ( or factor group ) is a group obtained by identifying together elements of a larger group using an equivalence relation.

# REDIRECT group ( mathematics )

He gathered a group of students around him to study mathematics, music, and philosophy, and together they discovered most of what high school students learn today in their geometry courses.

In mathematics, given two groups ( G, *) and ( H, ·), a group homomorphism from ( G, *) to ( H, ·) is a function h: G → H such that for all u and v in G it holds that

This is an unsolved problem which probably has never been seriously investigated, although one frequently hears the comment that we have insufficient specialists of the kind who can compete with the Germans or Swiss, for example, in precision machinery and mathematics, or the Finns in geochemistry.

Next September, after receiving a degree from Yale's Master of Arts in Teaching Program, I will be teaching somewhere -- that much is guaranteed by the present shortage of mathematics teachers.

But because science is based on mathematics doesn't mean that a hot rodder must necessarily be a mathematician.

Like primitive numbers in mathematics, the entire axiological framework is taken to rest upon its operational worth.

In the new situation, philosophy is able to provide the social sciences with the same guidance that mathematics offers the physical sciences, a reservoir of logical relations that can be used in framing hypotheses having explanatory and predictive value.

So, too, is the mathematical competence of a college graduate who has majored in mathematics.

The principal of the school announced that -- despite the help of private tutors in Hollywood and Philadelphia -- Fabian is a 10-o'clock scholar in English and mathematics.

In mathematics and statistics, the arithmetic mean, or simply the mean or average when the context is clear, is the central tendency of a collection of numbers taken as the sum of the numbers divided by the size of the collection.

The term " arithmetic mean " is preferred in mathematics and statistics because it helps distinguish it from other means such as the geometric and harmonic mean.

In addition to mathematics and statistics, the arithmetic mean is used frequently in fields such as economics, sociology, and history, though it is used in almost every academic field to some extent.

The use of the soroban is still taught in Japanese primary schools as part of mathematics, primarily as an aid to faster mental calculation.

In mathematics and computer science, an algorithm ( originating from al-Khwārizmī, the famous Persian mathematician Muḥammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī ) is a step-by-step procedure for calculations.

In mathematics, the axiom of choice, or AC, is an axiom of set theory equivalent to the statement that " the product of a collection of non-empty sets is non-empty ".

The axiom of choice is avoided in some varieties of constructive mathematics, although there are varieties of constructive mathematics in which the axiom of choice is embraced.

The axiom of choice has also been thoroughly studied in the context of constructive mathematics, where non-classical logic is employed.

:" A choice function exists in constructive mathematics, because a choice is implied by the very meaning of existence.

Although the axiom of countable choice in particular is commonly used in constructive mathematics, its use has also been questioned.

One of the most interesting aspects of the axiom of choice is the large number of places in mathematics that it shows up.

There is no prize awarded for mathematics, but see Abel Prize.

The Langlands program is a far-reaching web of these ideas of ' unifying conjectures ' that link different subfields of mathematics, e. g. number theory and representation theory of Lie groups ; some of these conjectures have since been proved.

Finite fields have applications in many areas of mathematics and computer science, including coding theory, LFSRs, modular representation theory, and the groups of Lie type.

In mathematics, a Lie algebra (, not ) is an algebraic structure whose main use is in studying geometric objects such as Lie groups and differentiable manifolds.

In mathematics, a Lie group () is a group which is also a differentiable manifold, with the property that the group operations are compatible with the smooth structure.

Lie groups represent the best-developed theory of continuous symmetry of mathematical objects and structures, which makes them indispensable tools for many parts of contemporary mathematics, as well as for modern theoretical physics.

Lie groups occur in abundance throughout mathematics and physics.

Thus three major themes in 19th century mathematics were combined by Lie in creating his new theory: the idea of symmetry, as exemplified by Galois through the algebraic notion of a group ; geometric theory and the explicit solutions of differential equations of mechanics, worked out by Poisson and Jacobi ; and the new understanding of geometry that emerged in the works of Plücker, Möbius, Grassmann and others, and culminated in Riemann's revolutionary vision of the subject.

Although today Sophus Lie is rightfully recognized as the creator of the theory of continuous groups, a major stride in the development of their structure theory, which was to have a profound influence on subsequent development of mathematics, was made by Wilhelm Killing, who in 1888 published the first paper in a series entitled

The symmetric group is important to diverse areas of mathematics such as Galois theory, invariant theory, the representation theory of Lie groups, and combinatorics.

Despite this they have some interesting properties and are related to a number of exceptional structures in mathematics, among them the exceptional Lie groups.

The theory of Lie groups describes continuous symmetry in mathematics ; its importance there and in theoretical physics ( for example quark theory ) grew steadily in the twentieth century.

The influence on graduate education in pure mathematics is perhaps most noticeable in the treatment now current of Lie groups and Lie algebras.

A key theme from the " categorical " point of view is that mathematics requires not only certain kinds of objects ( Lie groups, Banach spaces, etc.

From this time, and certainly much helped by Weyl's expositions, Lie groups and Lie algebras became a mainstream part both of pure mathematics and theoretical physics.

Quadratic forms occupy a central place in various branches of mathematics, including number theory, linear algebra, group theory ( orthogonal group ), differential geometry ( Riemannian metric ), differential topology ( intersection forms of four-manifolds ), and Lie theory ( the Killing form ).

Since Lie groups ( and some analogues such as algebraic groups ) and Lie algebras have become important in many parts of mathematics during the twentieth century, the apparently special nature of root systems belies the number of areas in which they are applied.

Further, the classification scheme for root systems, by Dynkin diagrams, occurs in parts of mathematics with no overt connection to Lie theory ( such as singularity theory ).

In mathematics and theoretical physics, the idea of a representation of a Lie group plays an important role in the study of continuous symmetry.

One of the important unsolved problems in mathematics is the description of the unitary dual, the effective classification of irreducible unitary representations of all real reductive Lie groups.

In mathematics, G < sub > 2 </ sub > is the name of three simple Lie groups ( a complex form, a compact real form and a split real form ), their Lie algebras, as well as some algebraic groups.