Furthermore, in mathematics, the letter alpha is used to denote the area underneath a normal curve in statistics to denote significance level when proving null and alternative hypotheses.

In mathematics, an ellipse ( from Greek ἔλλειψις elleipsis, a " falling short ") is a plane curve that results from the intersection of a cone by a plane in a way that produces a closed curve.

In mathematics a hyperbola is a curve, specifically a smooth curve that lies in a plane, which can be defined either by its geometric properties or by the kinds of equations for which it is the solution set.

Points through which curve is spline ( mathematics ) | splined are red ; the blue curve connecting them is interpolation.

* Integration, in mathematics, a fundamental concept of calculus — the operation of calculating the area between the curve of a function on the x-axis or y-axis

* Meander ( mathematics ), a self-avoiding closed curve which intersects a line a number of times

As a generalization of this practical description, the mathematics of differential calculus defines the slope of a curve at a point as the slope of the tangent line at that point.

In mathematics, a spiral is a curve which emanates from a central point, getting progressively farther away as it revolves around the point.

In mathematics, the winding number of a closed curve in the plane around a given point is an integer representing the total number of times that curve travels counterclockwise around the point.

In mathematics, a curve ( also called a curved line in older texts ) is, generally speaking, an object similar to a line but which is not required to be straight.

In mathematics, a Riemann sum is a method for approximating the total area underneath a curve on a graph, otherwise known as an integral.

In mathematics, a helix is a curve in 3-dimensional space.

* Area under the curve, in mathematics, including:

In mathematics, the Menger sponge is a fractal curve.

In mathematics, Green's theorem gives the relationship between a line integral around a simple closed curve C and a double integral over the plane region D bounded by C. It is named after George Green, and is the two-dimensional special case of the more general Stokes ' theorem.

In the branch of mathematics known as topology, the topologist's sine curve is a topological space with several interesting properties that make it an important textbook example.

In mathematics, the isoperimetric inequality is a geometric inequality involving the square of the circumference of a closed curve in the plane and the area of a plane region it encloses, as well as its various generalizations.

In mathematics, engineering, and manufacturing, a solid of revolution is a solid figure obtained by rotating a plane curve around some straight line ( the axis ) that lies on the same plane.

In mathematics, particularly differential geometry, a Finsler manifold is a differentiable manifold together with the structure of an intrinsic quasimetric space in which the length of any rectifiable curve is given by the length functional

* Cubic plane curve ( mathematics ), a plane algebraic curve C defined by a cubic equation

Blind students also complete mathematical assignments using a braille-writer and Nemeth code ( a type of braille code for mathematics ) but large multiplication and long division problems can be long and difficult.

The axiom of choice has also been thoroughly studied in the context of constructive mathematics, where non-classical logic is employed.

Although the axiom of countable choice in particular is commonly used in constructive mathematics, its use has also been questioned.

It is also commonly used in mathematics in algebraic solutions representing quantities such as angles.

The term may be also used loosely or metaphorically to denote highly skilled people in any non -" art " activities, as well — law, medicine, mechanics, or mathematics, for example.

He also applied mathematics in generalizing physical laws from these experimental results.

Despite being quite religious, he was also interested in mathematics and science, and sometimes is claimed to have contradicted the teachings of the Church in favour of scientific theories.

He was educated at the Collège des Quatre-Nations ( also known as Collège Mazarin ) from 1754 to 1761, studying chemistry, botany, astronomy, and mathematics.

His criticisms of the scientific community, and especially of several mathematics circles, are also contained in a letter, written in 1988, in which he states the reasons for his refusal of the Crafoord Prize.

He is also noted for his mastery of abstract approaches to mathematics and his perfectionism in matters of formulation and presentation.

In mathematics, the axiom of regularity ( also known as the axiom of foundation ) is one of the axioms of Zermelo – Fraenkel set theory and was introduced by.

It can also be used in topics as diverse as mathematics, gastronomy, fashion and website design.

In classical mathematics, analytic geometry, also known as coordinate geometry, or Cartesian geometry, is the study of geometry using a coordinate system and the principles of algebra and analysis.

He won a scholarship to the University and majored in mathematics, and also studied astronomy, physics and chemistry.

His father, Étienne Pascal ( 1588 – 1651 ), who also had an interest in science and mathematics, was a local judge and member of the " Noblesse de Robe ".

In chemistry, physics, and mathematics, the Boltzmann distribution ( also called the Gibbs Distribution ) is a certain distribution function or probability measure for the distribution of the states of a system.

Bioinformatics also deals with algorithms, databases and information systems, web technologies, artificial intelligence and soft computing, information and computation theory, structural biology, software engineering, data mining, image processing, modeling and simulation, discrete mathematics, control and system theory, circuit theory, and statistics.

It can also be used to denote abstract vectors and linear functionals in mathematics.

In mathematics, especially functional analysis, a Banach algebra, named after Stefan Banach, is an associative algebra A over the real or complex numbers which at the same time is also a Banach space.

The term can also be applied to some degree to functions in mathematics, referring to the anatomy of curves.

Combinatorial problems arise in many areas of pure mathematics, notably in algebra, probability theory, topology, and geometry, and combinatorics also has many applications in optimization, computer science, ergodic theory and statistical physics.

It has also given rise to a new theory of the philosophy of mathematics, and many theories of artificial intelligence, persuasion and coercion.

Most undergraduate programs emphasize mathematics and physics as well as chemistry, partly because chemistry is also known as " the central science ", thus chemists ought to have a well-rounded knowledge about science.

Category theory is an area of study in mathematics that examines in an abstract way the properties of particular mathematical concepts, by formalising them as collections of objects and arrows ( also called morphisms, although this term also has a specific, non category-theoretical meaning ), where these collections satisfy some basic conditions.