They needed to develop new methods to regulate their body heat in order to cope with fluctuations in ambient temperatures.

Non-spontaneous reactions run so slowly that they are considered to require the input of some type of additional energy ( such as extra heat, light or electricity ) in order to proceed to completion ( chemical equilibrium ) at human time scales.

In order to maximize the efficiency of the heat transfer process, the base of the upper vessel is constructed of a thinner, lower-gauge metal than the lower pot.

It follows that heat will not flow from a colder body to a hotter body without the application of work ( the imposition of order ) to the colder body.

In order to derive the Carnot efficiency,, Kelvin had to evaluate the ratio of the work done to the heat absorbed in the isothermal expansion with the help of the Carnot-Clapeyron equation which contained an unknown function, known as the Carnot function.

In order to discuss the relation between the enthalpy increase and heat supply we return to the first law for closed systems: dU

The change in heat capacity at a glass transition and a melting transition of comparable materials are typically of the same order of magnitude, indicating that the change in active degrees of freedom is comparable as well.

In order to comprehend why humans are essentially hairless, it is essential to understand that mammalian body hair is not merely an aesthetic characteristic ; it protects the skin from wounds, bites, heat, cold, and UV radiation.

Some writers restrict the meaning of endothermy to mechanisms that directly raise the animal's metabolic rate in order to produce heat.

They usually have well-developed insulation in order to retain body heat, fur in the case of mammals and feathers in birds.

* Feller kiln brought contemporary design to wood firing by re-using the unburnt gas from the chimney in order to heat the air up before entering the firebox.

Both the general election and runoff were marked by peace and order, with thousands of Liberians waiting patiently in the Liberian heat to cast their ballots.

Helium-3 has a negative enthalpy of fusion at temperatures below 0. 3 K. Helium-4 also has a very slightly negative enthalpy of fusion below 0. 8 K. This means that, at appropriate constant pressures, heat must be removed from these substances in order to melt them.

" Today I made an experiment in hermetic glass vessels in order to determine whether the mass of metals increases from the action of pure heat.

Some prokaryotes, including many archaea and the bacterial order Actinomycetales also share homologs of the 20S proteasome, whereas most bacteria possess heat shock genes hslV and hslU, whose gene products are a multimeric protease arranged in a two-layered ring and an ATPase.

In the 1980s it was shown theoretically with the help of a disorder field theory, in which the vortex lines of the superconductor play a major role, that the transition is of second order within the type II regime and of first order ( i. e., latent heat ) within the type I regime, and that the two regions are separated by a tricritical point.

The heat spike sputtering often increases nonlinearly with energy, and can for small cluster ions lead to dramatic sputtering yields per cluster of the order of 10000 .< ref name = Bouneau1982 > For animations of such a process see here.

When the food is scarce, as in winter, heat production is lowered in order to reduce energy expenditure.

With low energy and heat production, it is important for the sugar glider to peak its body mass by fat content in autumn ( May / June ) in order to survive the following cold season.

In order to recover the heat produced by the reaction to produce electricity, a large volume of olivine must be thermally well-isolated.

If these measures are insufficient to make the blood temperature in the brain match the new setting in the hypothalamus, then shivering begins in order to use muscle movements to produce more heat.

In general, cumulonimbus require moisture, an unstable air mass, and a lifting force ( heat ) in order to form.

For example, a pigment that is used to color glass must have very high heat stability in order to survive the manufacturing process ; but, suspended in the glass vehicle, its resistance to alkali or acidic materials is not an issue.

Thus, in order to solve this unsettled problem, there have been numerous experiments such as photoelectron spectroscopy, NMR, specific heat measurement, etc.

suspicion between member states still existed, but it was of about the same low order of virulence as the twentieth-century rivalry between Arizona and California over water supplies.

Cladocera is an order of small crustaceans commonly called water fleas.

Caesar ordered a wall to be built around Pompey's position in order to cut off water and pasture land for his horses.

However, the arms are the result of an 18th-century restoration, as the original had the arms cut off in order to allow water to flow out.

Cooking often involves water, which is frequently present in other liquids, both added in order to immerse the substances being cooked ( typically water, stock or wine ), and released from the foods themselves.

Ice melting in a warm room is a common Entropy # Ice melting example | example of increasing entropy, described in 1862 by Rudolf Clausius as an increase in the disgregation of the water molecules in ice: order leading to disorder

" Muir and the Sierra Club vehemently opposed the damning of the Hetch Hetchy Valley in Yosemite in order to provide water to the city of San Francisco.

Functionalization is employed for surface modification of industrial materials in order to achieve desired surface properties such as water repellent coatings for automobile windshields and non-biofouling, hydrophilic coatings for contact lenses.

One study's results showed that it produced ( in order of descending quantities ) 55. 91 % solid products: potassium carbonate, potassium sulfate, potassium sulfide, sulfur, potassium nitrate, potassium thiocyanate, carbon, ammonium carbonate and 42. 98 % gaseous products: carbon dioxide, nitrogen, carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen, methane, 1. 11 % water.

: In order for the heated water to form a geyser, a plumbing system is required.

British officers in India in the early 19th century took to adding a mixture of water, sugar, lime and gin to the quinine in order to make the drink more palatable.

has a value close to 10 < sup >− 14 </ sup > at 25 ° C, so the concentration of hydroxide ions in pure water is close to 10 < sup >− 7 </ sup > mol dm < sup >− 3 </ sup >, in order to satisfy the equal charge constraint.

The term " hydrofoil " is commonly used for the wing-like structure mounted on struts below the hull of a variety of boats ( see illustration ), which lifts the boat out of the water during forward motion, in order to reduce hull drag ; as such, the term " hydrofoil " is often used to refer to boats using hydrofoil technology.

In order to survive the high salinities, halophiles employ two differing strategies to prevent desiccation through osmotic movement of water out of their cytoplasm.

He referred to hypothetical eugenicists ' suggestions for reversing the trend, including some sort of oral contraceptive " in the water supply and ... an antidote " in order to conceive.

It can also be applied to standing pools of water in order to kill mosquito larvae.

The water imagery is also related to the divine and nature, and the poet is able to harness tap into nature in a way Kubla Khan cannot in order to harness its power.

" at which point the listeners outline all forms of positive aspects of the Roman occupation such as sanitation, medicine, education, wine, public order, irrigation, roads, a fresh water system, public health and peace, followed by " what have the Romans ever done for us except sanitation, medicine, education ...".

In Copenhagen, Rømer made rules for building new houses, got the city's water supply and sewers back in order, ensured that the city's fire department got new and better equipment, and was the moving force behind the planning and making of new pavement in the streets and on the city squares.

On January 18, 2001, the Secretary of the Interior signed an order designating Palmyra ’ s tidal lands, submerged lands, and surrounding waters out to from the water ’ s edge as a National Wildlife Refuge.

One might use the word as an order to have someone else bring you a glass of water.

Capsular polysaccharides are water soluble, commonly acidic, and have molecular weights on the order of 100-2000 kDa.

In order to create hard and soft pastels, pigments are ground into a paste with water and a gum binder and then rolled or pressed into sticks.

By changing the rigging, rudder, and sometimes the keel or centre board, a sailor manages the force of the wind on the sails in order to move the vessel relative to its surrounding medium ( typically water, but also land and ice ) and change its direction and speed.