" No accepted theory of parapsychology currently exists, and many competing and often conflicting models have been advocated by different parapsychologists in an attempt to explain reported paranormal phenomena.

The ganzfeld effect has been utilized in many studies of the neuroscience of perception, not only parapsychology.

Today, many cite parapsychology as an example of a pseudoscience.

The resulting crash of the parapsychology field was immediate and deep ; many of the researchers who endorsed Shaw and Edwards after the August meeting were now burned in the process.

Josephson said that many scientists are not yet swayed by the evidence for parapsychology and the paranormal.

Birge's interest in statistics led him to the investigation of parapsychology in which he conducted many experiments without finding any conclusive results.

These experiences led him to study many aspects of parapsychology.

For many years his pipe smoking, contemplative figure was synonymous with German parapsychology.

Responding in part to opinion survey results indicating that many mainstream scientists were interested in reasoned examination and debate about unidentified flying objects, the journal was initially established to provide a forum for three main fields that had largely been neglected by mainstream science: ufology, cryptozoology, and parapsychology.

Outside of parapsychology, clairvoyance is often used to refer to other forms of anomalous cognition, most commonly the perception of events that have occurred in the past, or which will occur in the future ( known as retrocognition and precognition respectively ), or to refer to communications with the dead ( see Mediumship ).

The Parapsychological Association regards the results of parapsychologists ' experiments as having demonstrated the existence of some forms of psychic abilities, and proponents of parapsychology have seen it as an " embryo science ", a " frontier science of the mind ", and a " frontier discipline for advancing knowledge ".

Aldous Huxley was a humanist, pacifist, and satirist, and he was latterly interested in spiritual subjects such as parapsychology and philosophical mysticism.

B. Rhine, who was critical in the early foundations of parapsychology as a laboratory science, was committed to finding scientific evidence for the spiritual existence of humans.

Its central precepts have been described as " drawing on both Eastern and Western spiritual and metaphysical traditions and infusing them with influences from self-help and motivational psychology, holistic health, parapsychology, consciousness research and quantum physics ".

In short ; parapsychology tends to focus more in its subject matter on the " psychic ", while transpersonal psychology tends to focus on the " spiritual " ( relatively crude though these categorizations are, it is still a useful distinction in this context ).

David Fontana however on the subject of parapsychology has said that " the evidence for survival is so strong that anyone who cares to study it is likely to end up convinced ".

Anomalous operation, also known as anomalous perturbation, is any paranormal phenomena in which it is said that an individual ( a ) uses Psi ( parapsychology ) to influence a physical event, or ( b ) to effect a physical change, in object.

Within parapsychology, clairvoyance is used exclusively to refer to the transfer of information that is both contemporary to, and hidden from, the clairvoyant.

In the field of parapsychology, clairsentience is a form of extra-sensory perception wherein a person acquires psychic knowledge primarily by feeling.

In the field of parapsychology, clairaudience late 17th century French clair ( clear ) and audience ( hearing ) is a form of extra-sensory perception wherein a person acquires information by paranormal auditory means.

In the field of parapsychology, clairalience from late 17th century French clair ( clear ) and alience ( smelling ) is a form of extra-sensory perception wherein a person accesses psychic knowledge through the physical sense of smell.

In the field of parapsychology, claircognizance from late 17th century French clair ( clear ) and cognizance (< Middle English | ME cognisaunce < Old French | OFr conoissance, knowledge ) is a form of extra-sensory perception wherein a person acquires psychic knowledge primarily by means of intrinsic knowledge.

In the field of parapsychology, clairgustance is defined as a form of extra-sensory perception that allegedly allows one to taste a substance without putting anything in one's mouth.

The study of psi phenomena such as ESP is called parapsychology.

Today, the Rhine Research Center is a parapsychology research unit, stating that it " aims to improve the human condition by creating a scientific understanding of those abilities and sensitivities that appear to transcend the ordinary limits of space and time.

In 1979, physicist John A. Wheeler said that parapsychology is pseudoscientific, and that the affiliation of the PA to the AAAS needed to be reconsidered.

He is known for his research into parapsychology.

Many university laboratories in the United States have closed, citing a lack of acceptance by mainstream science as the reason ; the bulk of parapsychology research in the US is now confined to private institutions funded by private sources.

It is thought that this approach could account for the relative strength of parapsychology in Britain.

As of 2007, parapsychology research is represented in some 30 different countries and a number of universities worldwide continue academic parapsychology programs.

Koneru Ramakrishna Rao, a past President of the Parapsychological Association, has written that the lack of any agreed-upon theory of parapsychology is one reason for the general skepticism of the scientific community regarding the existence of paranormal phenomena.

Many analysts of parapsychology hold that the entire body of evidence to date is of poor quality and not adequately controlled.

James E. Alcock, Professor of Psychology at York University stated that few of parapsychology's experimental results have prompted interdisciplinary research with more mainstream sciences such as physics or biology, and that parapsychology remains an isolated science to such an extent that its very legitimacy is questionable, and as a whole is not justified in being labeled " scientific ".

The popularity of meta-analysis in parapsychology has been criticized by numerous researchers, and is often seen as troublesome even within parapsychology itself.

The aim of the organization, as stated in its Constitution, became " to advance parapsychology as a science, to disseminate knowledge of the field, and to integrate the findings with those of other branches of science ".

Under the direction of anthropologist Margaret Mead, the Parapsychological Association took a large step in advancing the field of parapsychology in 1969 when it became affiliated with the American Association for the Advancement of Science ( AAAS ), the largest general scientific society in the world.

Over the last two decades some new sources of funding for parapsychology in Europe have see a " substantial increase in European parapsychological research so that the center of gravity for the field has swung from the United States to Europe ".

Carl Sagan suggested that there are three claims in the field of parapsychology which have at least some experimental support and " deserve serious study ", as they " might be true ":

Within the field of parapsychology, telepathy is considered to be a form of extra-sensory perception ( ESP ) or anomalous cognition in which information is transferred through Psi.

Although not a recognized scientific discipline, people who study certain types of paranormal phenomena such as telepathy refer to the field as parapsychology.

A ganzfeld experiment ( from the German for “ entire field ”) is a technique used in the field of parapsychology to test individuals for extrasensory perception ( ESP ).

" After some period of time spent in research on parapsychology and the paranormal, her attitude towards the field moved from belief to scepticism.

Lozanov had earlier also conducted advanced long-term research in the field of parapsychology, especially on clairvoyance.

In 2005, Josephson said that " parapsychology should now have become a conventional field of research, and yet parapsychology's claims are still not generally accepted ".

Dean Radin ( born February 29, 1952 ) is a researcher and author in the field of parapsychology.

Charles T. Tart ( born 1937 ) is an American psychologist and parapsychologist known for his psychological work on the nature of consciousness ( particularly altered states of consciousness ), as one of the founders of the field of transpersonal psychology, and for his research in scientific parapsychology.

Frequently aired on the Discovery Channel, Discovery Civilizations, and Discovery Science, the first two seasons explored contemporary research in the area of field parapsychology, largely by asking prominent researchers to explain and outline their best evidential cases, and interviewing witness while placing the cases in the context of parapsychology.

This category is limited to subjects involved with the field of parapsychology, which does not study all paranormal phenomena.