According to a widespread cliché, smoking has been part of French culture — actually figures indicate that in terms of consumption per capita, France is only the 60th country out of 121.

In terms of mortality, the former is second only to smoking among known agents causing cancer.

Common Sense Media, which mainly rates series in terms of violence, sex, and profanity, gave Scrubs a positive review and awarded it 4 out of 5 stars despite having rated both " Sex ", " Language " and " Drinking, drugs, & smoking " 3 out of 5, stating " this show can be screamingly funny but is very adult-oriented ".

In broad terms, health economists study the functioning of the health care systems as well as health-affecting behaviors such as smoking.

The groups are matched in terms of many other variables such as economic status and other health status so that the variable being assessed, the independent variable ( in this case, smoking ) can be isolated as the cause of the dependent variable ( in this case, lung cancer ).

By 1995, with 8, 000 women attending the 20th anniversary festival, longtime workers, artists, and returning audiences had popularized a lexicon of slang terms and code names for aspects of the Michigan experience: “ Porta-Janes ” ( rather than Porta-Johns ) for the freestanding toilets, “ Belly Bowl ” for the worker eating area backstage ( referencing a popular Ferron lyric ), “ Sano ” for the Sanitation crew, “ The Womb ” for the medical services tent, and “ chem-free ” for seating areas and camping spaces with no smoking, alcohol, drugs, or artificial fragrances.

His most commonly used terms were " numb nuts ", " turn it up ", " half-wit ", " oxygen thief ", " left-wing looney ", " give yourself an uppercut " and " typical Labor voter "; and he once asked a caller who sounded to be a little slow ' are you smoking the wacky-tobaccy ', a slang reference to marijuana.

Other notable Falkland island terms are the words " kelper " meaning a Falkland islander, from the kelp surrounding the islands ( sometimes considered pejorative ); and " smoko " referring to a smoking break.

In terms of smoking behaviors and attitudes, the impact of warnings with death messages depends on:

In terms of the longevity of their smoking decisions, it has been seen that individuals ’ smoking habits are affected, in the short-term sense, when they are exposed to mortality salience that interrelates with their own self-esteem.

He inherited her house in Brussels and, although abstemious in terms of drinking and smoking, he had a reputation as a ladies man.

An example of an associative relationship is " may-cause ", applied to the terms ( smoking, lung cancer ) would yield: smoking " may-cause " lung cancer.

It seeks to understand physical systems, using mathematical modeling, in terms of inputs, outputs and various components with different behaviors ; use control systems design tools to develop controllers for those systems ; and implement controllers in physical systems employing available technology.

Descartes, who thought extensively about mind-brain relationships, found it possible to explain reflexes and other simple behaviors in mechanistic terms, although he did not believe that complex thought, and language in particular, could be explained by reference to the physical brain alone.

The terms thoughts, feelings, and behaviors include all psychological variables that are measurable in a human being.

Like many behaviors, aggression can be examined in terms of its ability to help an animal survive and reproduce, or alternatively to risk survival and reproduction.

The terms were coined in 1954 by linguist Kenneth Pike, who argued that the tools developed for describing linguistic behaviors could be adapted to the description of any human social behavior.

Butch and femme are LGBT terms describing, respectively, masculine and feminine traits, behaviors, styles, expressions, self-perception and so on.

These euphemistic terms were used to describe behaviors, not identities ( recently some fashionable young Chinese tend to euphemistically use the term " brokeback ," 斷背 duanbei to refer to homosexual men, from the success of director Ang Lee's film Brokeback Mountain ).

This is similar to work done by moral philosopher Alasdair MacIntyre, who attempts to show that because ethical language developed in the West in the context of a belief in a human telos — an end or goal — our inherited moral language, including terms such as " good " and " bad ," have functioned, and function, to evaluate the way in which certain behaviors facilitate the achievement of that telos.

Genderfucking can also fall under the umbrella of the transgender spectrum, which includes a variety of individuals, behaviors, and groups that tend to deviate from the traditional gender expectations, but the two terms are not synonymous.

Both DSM-IV and ICD-10 depict the disorder in terms of socially aberrant behavior in general rather than focusing more specifically on attachment behaviors as such.

Carstensen, Gottman, and Levenson ( 1995 ) also discovered that “ In terms of speaker behaviors, wives were coded as showing more total emotion, negative emotion, anger, joy, contempt, whining, and sadness .” This supports the stereotype that women express more emotion than men both in general and in relationships.

In this way, < tt > S </ tt > can be mathematically characterized in terms of all its possible behaviors.

Elkind also created terms to help describe the egocentric behaviors exhibited by the adolescent population such as what he calls an imaginary audience and personal fable.

In this way, < tt > S </ tt > can be mathematically characterized in terms of all its possible behaviors ( including those involving unbounded nondeterminism ).

One of the more innovative details of the game was the alignment system which used qualitative terms like " principled " and " miscreant " along with a list of diagnostic behaviors such as " would kill an innocent bystander " or " would never accept stolen property ".

These hypothetical behaviors pegged a character as fitting one of the particular alignment terms.

Sexual addiction ( sometimes called sex addiction ) is a conceptual model which attempts to explain some forms of hypersexuality — sexual urges, behaviors, or thoughts that appear extreme in frequency or feel out of one's control — in terms of being a literal addiction to sexual activity.

Though often used interchangeably with the terms " social evolution " and " sociocultural evolution ," the term " cultural evolution " sometimes is useful for specifying a focus on long-term change not in properties of a social group as such ( e. g., its sheer size or location ), but in the way of life – the characteristic artifacts, behaviors, and ideas – of the group.

Survivor syndrome, also called concentration camp syndrome, or called KZ syndrome on account of the German term Konzentrationslager, are terms which have been used to describe the reactions and behaviors of people who have survived massive and adverse events, such as the Holocaust, the Rape of Nanking, and the HIV / AIDS epidemic.

Furthermore, individuals who are involved in behaviors and possess motivation to enhance their self-worth are less likely to be affected by the importance placed on health risks, in terms of mortality.

In this way, the behavior of < tt > S </ tt > can be mathematically characterized in terms of all its possible behaviors ( including those involving unbounded nondeterminism ).

The first social norms intervention was implemented in 1989 by Michael Haines at Northern Illinois University, which targeted a universal campus population and over the years has shown significant success in terms of increasing healthy behaviors.

How titillating it was to go among people who did not know him as the composer, but who talked in the most glowing terms of the promise of the piece after having heard the first rehearsals.

they universalize in terms of weather, skies, earth, and people.

Here again laboratory approaches are being evolved, for it is recognized how `` elastic '' these readings can be, how they can apply to many people, and are often stated in general terms all too easily applied to any individual's own case.

In these terms, the `` economic withdrawal '' of the Negroes of Nashville, Tennessee, from trading in the center city, for example, was clearly justified, since these distinctions do not require that only people subjectively guilty be singled out.

In simple terms altruism is caring about the welfare of other people and acting to help them.

Since the 1970s, self-help books, psychology, and some modern expressions of Christianity have viewed this disparity in terms of grace being an innate quality within all people who must be inspired or strong enough to find it: something to achieve.

Among single-winner election systems where voters act in their own best interests, approval voting comes closest to reflecting the overall will of the people as measured in terms of minimizing Bayesian regret.

Plans to spin off the InterBase division as a separate company were abandoned after Borland and the people who were to run the new company could not agree on terms for the separation.

In reality, the terms ' Scots / Scottish ' and ' Irish ' are purely modern geographical references to a people who share a common Celtic ancestry and consequently, a common musical heritage.

Thus in Austinian terms a moral code can objectively determine what people ought to do, the law can embody whatever norms the legislature decrees to achieve social utility, but every individual remains free to choose what to do.

Ulric Neisser coined the term " cognitive psychology " in his book Cognitive Psychology, published in 1967 wherein Neisser provides a definition of cognitive psychology characterizing people as dynamic information-processing systems whose mental operations might be described in computational terms.

The authority of all of the people, including the officers, is limited in the local congregation by a definition of union, or a covenant, by which the terms of their cooperation together are spelled out and agreed to.

Roughly stated: are conflicts caused by who people are, whether that be defined in terms of ethnicity, religion or other social affiliation, or do conflicts begin because it is in the economic best interests of individuals and groups to start them?

For example, the terms " group of people ", " group of dogs ", and " group of ideas " are all correct uses.

As it is more value-neutral than terms like disease, the term medical condition is sometimes preferred by people with health issues that they do not consider to be deleterious.

Another writer says, " My own position can be summarized in the following terms: just as music is whatever people choose to recognize as such, noise is whatever is recognized as disturbing, unpleasant, or both " ( Nattiez 1990, 47 – 48 ).

In terms of the British perspective, " It was necessary for the Nazi régime and / or the German Generals to surrender unconditionally in order to bring home to the German people that they had lost the War of themselves ; so that their defeat should not be attributed to a ' stab in the back '.

The style is very condensed, with many mistakes, possibly as a quick reminder to people who had danced the dances before and knew exactly what the terms meant.

Under its terms the Emperor of Japan is " the symbol of the State and of the unity of the people " and exercises a purely ceremonial role without the possession of sovereignty.

The Free Software Foundation advises people to " avoid using terms like ' give away ' or ' for free ,' because those terms imply that the issue is about price, not freedom.

This ambiguity began in 1998 when people started to use the term “ open source software ” rather than “ free software .” People in the community of free software used these separate terms as a way to differentiate what they did.

The earliest inhabitants of most of the land area that makes up today's Finland and Scandinavia were in all likehood hunter-gatherers whose closest successors in modern terms would probably be the Sami people ( formerly known as the Lapps ).

Some notable philosophers, such as Alasdair MacIntyre, have theorized freedom in terms of our social interdependence with other people.

As a figure of 19th century fairy tales, the term gnome by the 20th century became largely synonymous with other terms for the " little people ", such as goblin, brownie, kobold, leprechaun, Heinzelmännchen and other instances of the " domestic spirit " type, losing its strict association with earth or the underground world.