Kobza and was first mentioned in a Polish chronicle in 1313, having been introduced into the Ukrainian language sometime in the 12-13th century.

Just inside the entrance to the compound are the 12-13th century ramparts protecting three sides of the complex, and the cliffs behind protect the fourth.

In Japan, the ancient period can be taken to end with the rise of feudalism in the Kamakura period in the 12-13th century.

The medieval Volga Bulgarians ' graves which date back to 12-13th century were founded on the banks of Arğı Qaban.

According to the Arab chronologist Yacoubi ( the 9th century ) there were 113 lords in the administrative province of Arminiya, whereas another Arab historian, Yacout al-Hamavi ( the 12-13th centuries ) the number of Armenian principalities was 118.

According to the great Tamil commentator Atiyarkkunallar ( 12-13th century CE ), poems were of two kinds-col-totar-nilai-seyyul ( Tamil: ச ொ ல ் த ொ டர ் ந ி ல ை ச ெ ய ் ய ு ள ், poems connected by virtue of their formal properties ) and porul-totar-nilai-seyyul ( Tamil: ப ொ ர ு ள ் த ொ டர ் ந ி ல ை ச ெ ய ் ய ு ள ், poems connected by virtue of content that forms a unity ).

Fomenko also merges Jerusalem, Rome and Troy, contrary to the conventional history that places them in different locations of the Ancient World separated by hundreds of years, and identifies them as: " New Rome " = Gospel Jerusalem ( in the period 12-13th centuries ) = Troy = Yoros Castle.

On August 12-13th of 1883, Mexican astronomer José Bonilla observed 447 bodies cross the solar disc.

During the so called Golden Era of the Georgian State ( 12-13th centuries ), Telavi turned into one of the most important political and economic centers of the Georgian State.

Udupi is known for the Krishna Mutt ( Temple of Lord Krishna ) and also native place of the Vaishnavite saint Shri Madhvacharya who founded the Krishna Mutt in the 13th century.

I don't even remember who wrote it but it was one of those 15th or 16th century poets.

Another candidate for one of the first scholars to carry out comparative ethnographic-type studies in person was the medieval Persian scholar Abū Rayhān Bīrūnī in the eleventh century, who wrote about the peoples, customs, and religions of the Indian subcontinent.

In the 13th century, Ibn al-Nafis wrote his own novel Fadil ibn Natiq, known as Theologus Autodidactus in the West, as a critical response to Hayy ibn Yaqdhan.

* Gotama ( c. 2nd – 3rd century CE ), wrote Jaimini, author of Purva Mimamsa Sutras.

Pope Gregory I repeats the concept, articulated over a century earlier by Gregory of Nyssa that the saved suffer purification after death, in connection with which he wrote of " purgatorial flames ".

Wallace was a prolific author who wrote on both scientific and social issues ; his account of his adventures and observations during his explorations in Indonesia and Malaysia, The Malay Archipelago, was one of the most popular and influential journals of scientific exploration published during the 19th century.

The chief authorities on the career of Alaric are: the historian Orosius and the poet Claudian, both contemporary, neither disinterested ; Zosimus, a historian who lived probably about half a century after Alaric's death ; and Jordanes, a Goth who wrote the history of his nation in 551, basing his work on The Trojan War.

According to the Suda, a 10th century encyclopedia, Alexis was the paternal uncle of the dramatist Menander and wrote 245 comedies, of which only fragments now survive, including some 130 preserved titles.

Dr. Alastair Northedge, a British archaeologist who wrote a book about findings in ' Anah, wrote that the minaret is ' commonly attributed to the Uqaylid ( dynasty ) and the 5th / 11th century ( AH / AD ), though ... more probably of the 6th / 12th century.

Anaxagoras wrote a book of philosophy, but only fragments of the first part of this have survived, through preservation in work of Simplicius of Cilicia in the sixth century AD.

In 825 Al-Khwārizmī wrote a treatise in Arabic, On the Calculation with Hindu Numerals, which was translated into Latin from Arabic in the 12th century as Algoritmi de numero Indorum.

Zoticus, a Neoplatonist philosopher of the 3rd century AD, wrote an epic poem based on Plato's account of Atlantis.

The Hellenistic Jewish philosopher Philo in the early 1st century AD wrote about the destruction of Atlantis in his On the Eternity of the World, xxvi.

Cosmas Indicopleustes in the 6th century AD wrote of Atlantis in his Christian Topography in an attempt to prove his theory that the world was flat and surrounded by water:

In the 15th century, Leonor López de Córdoba, a Spanish noblewoman, wrote her Memorias, which may be the first autobiography in Castillian.

In the nineteenth century Samuel Sebastian Wesley ( 1810 – 1876 ) wrote anthems influenced by contemporary oratorio which stretch to several movements and last twenty minutes or longer.

* Claudius Aelianus, Roman teacher and historian of the 3rd century, who wrote in Greek

His works were so influential that late in the 9th century Notker the Stammerer, a monk of the Monastery of St. Gall in Switzerland, wrote that " God, the orderer of natures, who raised the Sun from the East on the fourth day of Creation, in the sixth day of the world has made Bede rise from the West as a new Sun to illuminate the whole Earth ".

Also from Greece, Pedanius Dioscorides, in the middle of the first century, wrote De Materia Medica, a five-volume encyclopedia about herbal medicine that was widely read for more than 1, 500 years.

In the early 13th century, Abu al-Abbas al-Nabati, and Ibn al-Baitar ( d. 1248 ) also wrote on botany.

He is specifically mentioned by Ben Sirah ( a writer of the Hellenistic period who listed the " great sages " of Israel ) and 4 Maccabees ( 1st century CE ), and by the 1st century CE historian Josephus, says that the prophet wrote two books.

The poetic works of Alcaeus were collected into ten books, with elaborate commentaries, by the Alexandrian scholars Aristophanes of Byzantium and Aristarchus of Samothrace sometime in the 3rd century BC, and yet his verses today exist only in fragmentary form, varying in size from mere phrases, such as wine, window into a man ( fr. 333 ) to entire groups of verses and stanzas, such as those quoted below ( fr. 346 ).

By the 6th century Alexander's commentaries on Aristotle were considered so useful that he was referred to as " the commentator " ().

The 9th-10th century master of the religious system known as " the nondual Shaivism of Kashmir " ( or " Kashmir Shaivism ") and aesthetician, Abhinavagupta brought rasa theory to its pinnacle in his separate commentaries on the Dhvanyāloka, the Dhvanyāloka-locana ( translated by Ingalls, Masson and Patwardhan, 1992 ) and the Abhinavabharati, his commentary on the Nātyashāstra, portions of which are translated by Gnoli and Masson and Patwardhan.

On one hand, there are transmitted versions and commentaries that date back two millennia ; on the other, there are ancient bamboo, silk, and paper manuscripts that archeologists discovered in the last century.

The Diqduq ( 10th century ) is one of the earliest grammatical commentaries on the Hebrew Bible.

The Diqduq ( 10th century ) is one of the earliest grammatical commentaries on the Hebrew Bible.

Translations and further commentaries appeared throughout the 20th century.

* Rabbi Obadiah ben Abraham of Bertinoro ( 15th century ) wrote one of the most popular Mishnah commentaries.

Both kinds of Midrashim were at first preserved only orally ; but their writing down commenced in the 2nd century, and they now exist in the shape chiefly of exegetical or homiletical commentaries on Tanakh ( the Hebrew Bible ).

The latter contains pagan poetry where the norns are frequently referred to, while the former contains, in addition to pagan poetry, retellings, descriptions and commentaries by the 12th and 13th century Icelandic chieftain and scholar Snorri Sturluson.

For guidance in practical application of Jewish law, the majority of Orthodox Jews appeal to the Shulchan Aruch (" Code of Jewish Law " composed in the 16th century by Rabbi Joseph Caro ) together with its surrounding commentaries.

Also in the 15th century was written the Seniloquium, an erudite and anonymous work containing a compendium of Spanish sayings and proverbs with commentaries.

The earliest explicit depictions of a triangle of binomial coefficients occur in the 10th century in commentaries on the Chandas Shastra, an Ancient Indian book on Sanskrit prosody written by Pingala in or before the 2nd century BC.

19th century Bible commentaries generally identified him with Xerxes I of Persia.

Several biblical commentaries and other theological texts based upon the Samaritan Pentateuch have been composed by members of the Samaritan community from the fourth century CE onwards.

5th century BC ) only found referred to by name in some ancient Greek plays and later scholia or commentaries.

He introduced algebra to the Latin world and his commentaries in Version III of Euclid's Elements were extremely influential in the 13th century.

Herman translated it from an Arabic translation from the Greek ( jointly with commentaries of Maslamah Ibn Ahmad al-Majriti, who worked in Córdoba in the 10th century ).

A 14th century French Jewish philosopher best known for his Sefer Milhamot Adonai (" The Book of the Wars of the Lord ") as well as for his philosophical commentaries.

It was reprinted twenty-two times by the end of the 18th century ; Laguna wrote very well, with explanations and practical commentaries.

He refers to anecdotes, adds commentaries on the plants, provides their synonyms in different languages, and explains their uses in the 16th century.

Some light is thrown on the entry of stories from Oriental sources into the Aesopic canon by their appearance in Jewish commentaries on the Talmud and in Midrashic literature from the 1st century AD.

Benvenuto da Imola in his commentaries written less than a century after the facts tells us that Dolcino was born in Romagnano Sesia, went in his childhood to Vercelli and there lived in the church of St. Agnes where he studied grammar.

He applied a synthesis of the new 14th century physics of Buridan, Thomas Bradwardine and Oresme in his commentaries on Aristotle.