* Hindu philosophy

* Hindu philosophy

Also known as Lokāyata, it is a system of Hindu philosophy that assumes various forms of philosophical skepticism and religious indifference. It is named after its founder, Cārvāka, author of the Bārhaspatya-sūtras.

Likewise a popular Hindu ritual form of worship of North Malabar in Kerala, India is the Tabuh Rah blood offering to Theyyam gods, despite being forbidden in the Vedic philosophy of sattvic Hinduism, Jainism and Buddhism, Theyyam deities are propitiated through the cock sacrifice where the religious cockfight is a religious exercise of offering blood to the Theyyam gods.

According to one of the principal texts of Hindu philosophy, the Tattwa Kaumudi authored by Vacaspati in the 9th century A. D., the Creator used akasha ( ether ), the most " subtle " element, to create the other four traditional elements ; each element created is in turn used to create the next element, each less subtle than the last.

In Hindu philosophy, the term refers to

* Hindu philosophy

* Tattva, the basis of the universe according to Hindu Samkhya philosophy

All schools of Hindu philosophy posit that consciousness ( ātman ) is distinct and independent from mind and matter ( prakṛti ).

The schools of Hindu philosophy differ in their recommended methods to cultivate faith, including selfless action ( karma-yoga ), renunciation ( jnana-yoga ) and devotion ( bhakti-yoga ).

This period has been called the Golden Age of India and was marked by extensive achievements in science, technology, engineering, art, dialectic, literature, logic, mathematics, astronomy, religion, and philosophy that crystallized the elements of what is generally known as Hindu culture.

In contrast to Carnatic music, the other main Indian classical music tradition originating from the South, Hindustani music was not only influenced by ancient Hindu musical traditions, historical Vedic philosophy and native Indian sounds but also enriched by the Persian performance practices of the Mughals.

Hindu idealism is central to Vedanta philosophy and to such schools as Kashmir Shaivism.

Karma in Jainism conveys a totally different meaning than commonly understood in the Hindu philosophy and western civilization.

In Jainism, " karma " conveys a totally different meaning from that commonly understood in Hindu philosophy and western civilization.

Adi Shankara opened the southern door by defeating in debate all the scholars there in all the various scholastic disciplines such as Mimamsa, Vedanta and other branches of Hindu philosophy ; he ascended the throne of Transcendent wisdom of that temple.

It is part of the six Hindu systems of philosophy, based on the Upanishads, and posits that the ultimate monad is a formless, ineffable divine ground of all being.

), astrological philosophy from Hellenistic Alexandria, early Christian mysticism, early Gnostics, the Hebrew system of the Kabbalah, The Hindu Vedas, the Chinese " Circle of the Dead ", Egyptian " Book of the Masters of the Secret House " ( Ritual of the Dead ).

In Hindu philosophy, it is union with the Brahman ( Supreme Being ).

According to the Hindu philosophy the essence of God or Brahman can never be understood or known since Brahman is beyond both existence and non-existence, transcending and including time, causation and space, and thus can never be known in the same material sense as one traditionally ' understands ' a given concept or object.

Political philosophy originates in Ancient India with the Hindu text Manusmṛti, or Laws of Manu and Chanakya's Arthashastra.

Earliest reference to panentheistic thought in Hindu philosophy is in a creation myth contained in the later section of Rig Veda called the Purusha Sukta, which was compiled before 1100 BCE.

Philosophical conceptions of qi from the earliest records of Chinese philosophy ( 5th century BCE ) correspond to Western notions of humours and the ancient Hindu yogic concept of prana, meaning " life force " in Sanskrit.

Within Hindu philosophy, there is a solid and ancient tradition of philosophical speculation on the nature of the universe, of God ( termed " Brahman " in some schools of Hindu thought ) and of the Atman ( soul ).

Drafted by a treaty and a bill of sale, and constituted between 1820 and 1858, the Princely State of Kashmir and Jammu ( as it was first called ) combined disparate regions, religions, and ethnicities: to the east, Ladakh was ethnically and culturally Tibetan and its inhabitants practised Buddhism ; to the south, Jammu had a mixed population of Hindus, Muslims and Sikhs ; in the heavily populated central Kashmir valley, the population was overwhelmingly Sunni Muslim, however, there was also a small but influential Hindu minority, the Kashmiri brahmins or pandits ; to the northeast, sparsely populated Baltistan had a population ethnically related to Ladakh, but which practised Shi ' a Islam ; to the north, also sparsely populated, Gilgit Agency, was an area of diverse, mostly Shi ' a groups ; and, to the west, Punch was Muslim, but of different ethnicity than the Kashmir valley.

In the British census of India of 1941, Kashmir registered a Muslim majority population of 77 %, a Hindu population of 20 % and a sparse population of Buddhists and Sikhs comprising the remaining 3 %.

" In the same Census of 1901, in the Kashmir Valley, the total population was recorded to be 1, 157, 394, of which the Muslim population was 1, 083, 766, or 93. 6 % and the Hindu population 60, 641.

Pakistan's acceptance of the Instrument of Accession was seen as a strategy to get a plebiscite held in Kashmir which had a Muslim majority and a Hindu ruler.

This incident, and the report of an incursion by Russian Cossacks south of the Hindu Kush, led the British to suspect Russian involvement " with the Rulers of the petty States on the northern boundary of Kashmir and Jammu ".

The earliest seamless globe was invented in Kashmir by the Muslim astronomer and metallurgist Ali Kashmiri ibn Luqman in 1589-90 ( AH 998 ) during Akbar the Great's reign ; another was produced in 1659-60 ( 1070 AH ) by Muhammad Salih Tahtawi with Arabic and Sanskrit inscriptions ; and the last was produced in Lahore by a Hindu astronomer and metallurgist Lala Balhumal Lahuri in 1842 during Jagatjit Singh Bahadur's reign.

Jinnah also fought hard for the annexation of Kashmir, a Muslim majority state with Hindu ruler ; and the accession of Hyderabad and Junagadh, Hindu-majority states with Muslim rulers.

The Hindu holy shrines of Amarnath in Kashmir Valley attracts about. 4 million Hindu devotees every year.

The independent Hindu and the Buddhist rule of Srinagar lasted until the 14th century when the Kashmir valley, including the city, came under the control of the several Muslim rulers, including the Mughals.

The Hindu Tantras total ninety-two scriptures, where sixty four are purely Abheda ( literally " without differentiation ", or monistic ), known as the Bhairava Tantras or Kashmir Śaivite Tantras, eighteen are Bhedābheda ( literally " with differentiation and without differentiation " or monistic cum dualistic ), known as the Rudra Tantras ), and ten are completely Bheda ( literally " differentiated " or dualistic ), known as the Tantras.

* Kashmiri Pandit, a person who belongs to a sect of Hindu Brahmins originating from Kashmir

Birbal Dhar the kashmiri pandit pleaded with Maharaja Ranjit Singh to save Kashmiri Pandits from Pathans when Kashmir governor Muhammad Azim heard of this he ordered his men to abduct Dhar's women who were abducted and sent to Kabul hearing this Dhar committed suicide however furious by this act of Durrani, Ranjit Singh ordered his most able general Diwan Chand to mount the expedition of Kashmir, he was assisted by Raja Gulab Singh Jamwal a Hindu dogra rajput of Jammu.

He became the first Hindu Governor of Kashmir after 1354AD and enacted dozen of anti-Muslim laws, He raised the amount of tax on Muslims, he banned the Jama Masjid of Srinagar and prohibited the cow slaughter.

In historic Kashmir, the tree was planted near Hindu holy places under names derived from the goddess Bhavani.

" It combined disparate regions, religions, and ethnicities: to the east, Ladakh was ethnically and culturally Tibetan and its inhabitants practised Buddhism ; to the south, Jammu had a mixed population of Hindus, Muslims and Sikhs ; in the heavily populated central Kashmir valley, the population was overwhelmingly Sunni Muslim, however, there was also a small but influential Hindu minority, the Kashmiri brahmins or pandits ; to the northeast, sparsely populated Baltistan had a population ethnically related to Ladakh, but which practised Shi ' a Islam ; to the north, also sparsely populated, Gilgit Agency, was an area of diverse, mostly Shi ' a groups ; and, to the west, Punch was Muslim, but of different ethnicity than the Kashmir valley.

The Kashmiri Pandits (, Hindi: कश ् म ी र ी पण ् ड ि त ) are a Hindu Brahmin community originating from Kashmir, a mountainous region in South Asia.

The Hindu caste system of the Kashmir region was influenced by the influx of Buddhism from the time of Asoka, around the third century BCE, and a consequence of this was that the traditional lines of varna were blurred, with the exception of that for the Brahmins, who remained aloof from the changes.

Harmukh is traditionally revered by Kashmiri Pandits and in 2009 there was an attempt by them to revive pilgrimages to the site. The Mata Khirbhawani temple shrine in Srinagar, considered one of the holiest Hindu shrines, saw the largest gathering of Kashmiri Pandits in the Kashmir valley in 2012. The shrine is located in Tullamulla village, 24 km from Srinagar in Ganderbal district.

* Kashmir Hindu Foundation ( KHF )