The Babylonians had done the same ; the Temple of Jerusalem had been razed as the result of a Babylonian invasion prompted by repeated Judaean revolts against Babylonian rule.

Henning in 1943 ) were found with the discovery in the twentieth century of the Dead Sea Scrolls in the Judaean Desert and the Manichaean writings of the Uyghur Manichaean kingdom in Turpan.

The town later reverted to Judaean control, only to fall to Nebuchadnezzar in his campaign against Judah in 586 BC.

The brief Babylonian captivity of the Hebrews that began in 586 BC opened a minor power vacuum in Judah ( prior to the Israelites ' return under the Persian King, Cyrus ), and as Edomites moved into open Judaean grazing lands, Nabataean inscriptions began to be left in Edomite territory.

Masada ( Hebrew מצדה, pronounced, from מצודה, metzuda, " fortress ") is the name for a site of ancient palaces and fortifications in the Southern District of Israel, on top of an isolated rock plateau, or horst, on the eastern edge of the Judaean Desert, overlooking the Dead Sea.

Etzion Bloc ) is a cluster of Israeli settlements located in the Judaean Mountains directly south of Jerusalem and Bethlehem in the West Bank, Palestinian territories.

Others, including Abraham Zevi Idelsohn, believed that the distinction is more ancient, and represents the distinction between the Judaean and Galilean dialects of Hebrew in Mishnaic times ( 1st-2nd centuries CE ), with the Sephardi pronunciation being derived from Judaean and the Ashkenazi from Galilean.

The Judaean Mountains, ( " Harei Yehuda " );(</ big > Jibal al-Khalil ), also Judaean Hills and Hebron Hills, is a mountain range in Israel where Jerusalem and several other biblical cities are located.

The name Giudecca may represent a corruption of the Latin " Judaica " (" Judaean ") and so may be translated as " the Jewry ": a number of towns in Southern Italy and Sicily have Jewish quarters named Giudecca or Judeca.

The rebellion ended with the partial genocide of the Judaean population and a ban upon the Jewish faith across the Roman Empire, which was however lifted in 137, upon Hadrian's death.

Some scholars maintain that Ashkenazi Jews are inheritors of the religious traditions of the great Babylonian Jewish academies, and that Sephardi Jews are descendants of those who originally followed the Judaean or Galilaean Jewish religious traditions.

9 ), who, in opposition to his Judaean colleague, Shammai, generally advocated milder interpretations of Halakha ( Jewish law and tradition ) and whose disciples stood in like opposition to Shammai's disciples.

The local medieval tradition was that the Apennine Sibyl, a mysterious prophetess not counted among the Sibyls of Classical Antiquity, was condemned by God to dwell in a mountain cavern and await Judgement Day, having rebelled at the news that she had not been chosen Mother of God, but that some humble Judaean virgin had been favored.

Allegro published the sections of text allotted to him in academic journals as soon as he had prepared them, and his volume ( number five ) in the official series Discoveries in the Judaean Desert was ready for the press by the early 1960s.

Author Lee I. Levine notes, " The ' piece de resistance ' of Judaean Hellenization, and the most dramatic of all these developments, occurred in 175 BCE, when the high priest Jason converted Jerusalem into a Greek polis replete with gymnasium and ephebeion ( 2 Maccabees 4 ).

The Provinces of Judaea and Syria were key scense of an increasing conflict between Judaean and Hellenistic population, which exploded into full scale Jewish-Roman Wars, beginning with the Great Jewish Revolt of 66-70.

A strong force drawn from the Judaean and Syrian legions marched on Rome under the command of Mucianus, while Vespasian himself travelled to Alexandria, leaving Titus in charge of ending the Jewish rebellion.

A strong force drawn from the Judaean and Syrian legions marched on Rome under the command of Mucianus, while Vespasian travelled to Alexandria, leaving Titus in charge to end the Jewish rebellion.

A strong force drawn from the Judaean and Syrian legions marched on Rome under the command of Mucianus.

He gained the support of the governor of Syria, Gaius Licinius Mucianus and a strong force drawn from the Judaean and Syrian legions marched on Rome under the command of Mucianus.

The Judaean tetrarchy was a set of four independent and distinct states, where each tetrarch ruled a quarter of a kingdom as they saw fit, the Diocletianic tetrarchy was a college, led by a single supreme leader.

Some historians, particularly Josephus, claim that Claudius was directed in his actions by the Judaean King Herod Agrippa.

The reverse commemorates his Roman triumph | triumph in the Jewish-Roman wars | Judaean wars, representing a Jewish captive kneeling in front of a trophy of arms.

They then became rivals of the Judaean dynasty, and a chief element in the disorders which invited Pompey's intervention in Judea.

The reverse commemorates his Roman triumph | triumph in the Jewish-Roman wars | Judaean wars, representing a Jewish captive kneeling in front of a trophy of arms.

The title of his thesis was " Ancient Agriculture in the Judaean Desert: A Case Study of the Buqê ' ah Valley in the Iron Age.

Sennacherib claimed siege and capture of many Judaean cities, but only siege — not capture — of Jerusalem.

In these narratives, after being baptized, Jesus fasted for forty days and nights in the Judaean Desert.

The New Perspective scholars propose that the 1st century, Second Temple Judaism understood election primarily as national ( Israelites ) and racial ( Jews ), not as individual.

* 70 – The destruction of the Second Temple in Jerusalem by the Romans.

: The publisher of this book states, " The standard Jewish view is that prophecy ended with the ancient prophets, somewhere early in the Second Temple era.

The Book of Ezra consists of ten chapters: chapters 1-6, covering the period from the Decree of Cyrus to the dedication of the Second Temple, are told in the third person ; chapters 7-10, dealing with the mission of Ezra, are told largely in the first person.

* Grabbe, L. L., " A history of the Jews and Judaism in the Second Temple Period, Volume 1 " ( T & T Clark, 2004 )

At the time of Jesus, there was no single, coherent form or order within Second Temple Judaism, and significant political, social and religious differences existed among the Jews.

An astronomical calendar is based on ongoing observation ; examples are the religious Islamic calendar and the old religious Jewish calendar in the time of the Second Temple.

However, following the destruction of the Second Temple in Jerusalem in 70 AD, the new Christian movement and Rabbinic Judaism increasingly parted ways, see also List of events in early Christianity.

Hanukkah (, Tiberian:, usually spelled, pronounced in Modern Hebrew ; also romanized as Chanukah, Chanukkah, Chanuka, or Khanukah ), also known as the Festival of Lights, is an eight-day Jewish holiday commemorating the rededication of the Holy Temple ( the Second Temple ) in Jerusalem at the time of the Maccabean Revolt of the 2nd century BCE.

Christianity and Judaism share historical roots in the Second Temple period, sometimes referred to as Judeo-Christian roots, but the two religions diverged in the first centuries of the Christian Era.

The Oral Torah is the primary guide for Jews to abide by these terms, as expressed in tractate Gittin 60b, " the Holy One, Blessed be He, did not make His covenant with Israel except by virtue of the Oral Law " to help them learn how to live a holy life, and to bring holiness, peace and love into the world and into every part of life, so that life may be elevated to a high level of kedushah, originally through study and practice of the Torah, and since the destruction of the Second Temple, through prayer as expressed in tractate Sotah 49a " Since the destruction of the Temple, every day is more cursed than the preceding one ; and the existence of the world is assured only by the kedusha ... and the words spoken after the study of Torah.

According to Christian theologian Alister McGrath, the Jewish Christians affirmed every aspect of then contemporary Second Temple Judaism with the addition of the belief that Jesus was the messiah, with Isaiah 49: 6, " an explicit parallel to 42: 6 " quoted by Paul in Acts 13: 47 and reinterpreted by Justin the Martyr.

A stronger belief in an afterlife for each person developed during the Second Temple period but was contested by various Jewish sects.

Christians believe that Judaism requires blood sacrifice to atone for sins, and believe that Judaism has abandoned this since the destruction of the Second Temple.

* Los Angeles, California ( 1885 – 1889 ) Second Street Cable Railway, ( 1886-1902 ) Temple Street Cable Railway, ( 1889-1896 ) Los Angeles Cable Railway

That so much of the book ( chapters 25-31, 35-40 ) is spent describing the plans of the Tabernacle demonstrates the importance it played in the perception of Second Temple Judaism at the time of the text's redaction by the Priestly writers: the Tabernacle is the place where God is physically present, where, through the priesthood, Israel could be in direct, literal communion with him.

New Testament and Second Temple Judaism scholar Eric Mason argues that the conceptual background of the priestly Christology of the Epistle to the Hebrews closely parallels presentations of the messianic priest and Melchizedek in the Qumran scrolls.

The Essenes ( in Modern but not in Ancient Hebrew:, Isiyim ; Greek: Εσσήνοι, Εσσαίοι, or Οσσαίοι ; Essēnoi, Essaioi, Ossaioi ) were a sect of Second Temple Judaism that flourished from the 2nd century BCE to the 1st century CE which some scholars claim seceded from the Zadokite priests.

The Second Temple period ( 520 BCE-70 CE ) differed in significant ways from what had gone before.

* In Judaism, King Hezekiah purged Solomon's Temple in Jerusalem and the Land of Israel of figures, including the Nehushtan, as recorded in the Second Book of Kings.

Karaite Judaism defines itself as the remnants of the non-Rabbinic Jewish sects of the Second Temple period, such as the Sadducees.

The role of the priesthood in Judaism has significantly diminished since the destruction of the Second Temple in 70 CE, when priests attended to the Temple and sacrifices.