At war's end leadership in Western Europe passed from Britain because the Labour Government devoted its attention to the creation of a welfare state.

After nearly becoming extinct in the 1940s and 50s, the Liberal Party revived its fortunes somewhat under the leadership of Jo Grimond in the 1960s, by positioning itself as a radical centrist non-socialist alternative to the Conservative and Labour Party governments of the time.

The final straw for many in the Manifesto Group was the behaviour of former Chancellor of the Exchequer Denis Healey at a meeting with them during the Labour leadership campaign to replace James Callaghan.

At the time, he admired Ramsay MacDonald and helped MacDonald get elected as Labour Party leader at the 1922 Labour leadership election.

With a general election looming, the Parliamentary Labour Party then appointed Attlee as interim leader, on the understanding that a leadership election would be held after the general election.

The Communist Party of the Soviet Union emerged from the Bolshevik faction of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party, under the leadership of Vladimir Lenin.

The Labour Party membership is more eurosceptic than the party leadership, which is something the Conservative leadership has sought to exploit.

By this time the " New " Labour Party was seen as a reformed and fresh alternative under the leadership of Tony Blair, and after eighteen years in office the Conservatives lost the 1997 general election in one of the worst electoral defeats since the Great Reform Act of 1832.

In Britain the union movement's relationship with the Labour Party frayed as party leadership embarked on privatisation plans at odds with what unions see as the worker's interests.

Under the leadership of Tony Blair and Gordon Brown the British Labour Party re-branded itself as New Labour in order to promote the notion that it was less left-wing than it had been in the past.

He had the Labour whip withdrawn in March 1961 after rebelling against the Labour leadership over air force estimates.

Following Labour's 1979 general election defeat by Margaret Thatcher, James Callaghan remained party leader for the next 18 months before he resigned and Foot was elected Labour leader on 4 November 1980, beating Denis Healey in the second round of the leadership election ( the last leadership contest to involve only Labour MPs ).

With the Labour left still strong – in 1981 Benn decided to challenge Healey for the deputy leadership of the party, a contest Healey won narrowly – Foot struggled to make an impact and was widely criticised for it, though his performances in the Commons, most notably on the Falklands war of 1982, won him widespread respect from other parliamentarians, though he was criticised by some on the left who felt that he should not have supported the Thatcher government's immediate resort to military action.

Although he was supported by left wing members within Labour such as Michael D. Higgins, he had little or no contact with Dick Spring and therefore had to live in hope of being nominated without the endorsement of the party leadership.

After Labour Listens, the party went on, in 1988, to produce a new statement of aims and values — meant to supplement and supplant the formulation of Clause IV of the party's constitution ( though, crucially, this was not actually replaced until 1995 under the leadership of Tony Blair ) and was closely modelled on Anthony Crosland's social-democratic thinking — emphasising equality rather than public ownership.

The Central Committee of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party provided leadership to the spontaneous movements.

As a result of the Labour Party victory over the Conservative Party the leadership changed hands.

Jenkins was also subsequently elected to the deputy leadership of the Labour Party in July 1970, defeating future Labour Leader Michael Foot and former Leader of the Commons Fred Peart at the first ballot.

The use of NDPBs continued under the Labour government in office from 1997 to 2010, though the political controversy associated with NDPBs in the mid-1990s for the most part died away.

His adoption of policies more usually associated with the political right, and their implementation by the Fourth Labour Government, were the subject of lasting controversy.

He was a Labour Cabinet minister whose long crusade for penal reform attracted much controversy during the later years of his life with his ultimately unsuccessful campaign for the release of Moors murderer Myra Hindley from prison.

In early 2004, the Labour Party came under attack for its policies on the foreshore and seabed controversy.

The controversy led to a poor performance when he fought for the Labour leadership on Harold Wilson's resignation.

In his second start filling in for Flutie, Garcia set a team record with 546 passing yards and six touchdown passes in the Labour Day game against Edmonton touching off an eventual quarterback controversy among some fans when Flutie later returned.

In November 2004 Hain caused controversy among his political rivals when he claimed that " If we are tough on crime and on terrorism, as Labour is, then I think Britain will be safer under Labour ".

The events of the 1930s, and the response of the Labour and National governments to the depression, have generated much historical controversy.

So the controversy helped to accelerate the decline in the Liberals ' electoral position, as segments of the middle class began to defect to Labour.

The leadership of the Labour Party was drawn into the controversy, culminating with Neil Kinnock's noted speech to Conference in 1985, denouncing Liverpool City Council without explicitly naming it.

The Greens, who were now distanced from Labour over the genetic engineering controversy, gained nine seats ( an increase of two ).

Gray again attracted controversy in his native Scotland in 2010, when he said in Parliament that Labour MP Willie Bain should " get back to jockland ".

This selection caused some controversy because of Berger's London background, but also because she was resident at Mrs Kennedy's home for a month before the selection, a home Mrs Kennedy shares with her partner Peter Dowling, who is the local Labour party's agent.

The school was at the centre of controversy in 1996 when Labour Party Shadow Cabinet minister Harriet Harman sent her son to the school, despite it being some considerable distance from where she lived.

In January 2005, she became involved in controversy after she invited Labour MSP Jack McConnell, then Scotland's First Minister, and his family to stay at her Majorcan holiday home over the New Year period.

He courted controversy in 1983 when he appeared as a guest newspaper reviewer on the BBC TV's early morning magazine show Breakfast Time, when in an outburst he encouraged viewers to " Vote Conservative " at the upcoming election, and claimed that " a vote for Labour would be a vote for communism, and may God have mercy on your soul ".

The War of Jennifer's Ear is the name given to a 1992 controversy in United Kingdom politics, between the opposition Labour Party and the governing Conservative Party.

Turia had quit both Parliament and the Labour Party in protest over the government's position in the foreshore and seabed controversy.

Later, in 2001, he created further controversy by making an implied attack on the Clark Labour Government's scrapping of the air defence wing of the Royal New Zealand Air Force.

Martin's initial appointment as Speaker caused controversy as his election broke a recent pattern in the House that the post of Speaker alternated between the two main political parties ( the Conservative Party and the Labour Party ).

The hereditary system, whatever its logical defects, does produce some people of independent opinions and also some who are much younger than the normal run of middle-aged legislators ... My guess is that after achieving stage one, which would involve a great deal of parliamentary time and much controversy, a Labour Cabinet would rest on its oars and postpone for many years any plans for an elective chamber.

The foreshore and seabed controversy of 2004 – 05 put considerable strain on the Labour Party's Māori MPs, with many showing dissatisfaction with the party's policy.

In the 1992 election campaign, Sir Nicholas caused a controversy when he claimed " Under a Labour government this country would be swamped with immigrants of every colour and race on any excuse of asylum or bogus marriage or just plain deception ".