Although there is no reference to reincarnation in the Talmud or any prior writings, according to rabbis such as Rabbi Avraham Arieh Trugman, reincarnation is recognized as being part and parcel of Jewish tradition.

Other well-known rabbis who are reincarnationists include Rabbi Yonassan Gershom, Rabbi Abraham Isaac Kook, Talmud scholar Rabbi Adin Steinsaltz, Rabbi DovBer Pinson, Rabbi David M. Wexelman, Rabbi Zalman Schachter, and many others.

According to the Talmud ( Avodah Zarah 10a-b ), Rabbi Judah was very wealthy and greatly revered in Rome.

As the scene of his activity, Rav first chose Nehardea, where the exilarch appointed him agoranomos, or market-master, and Rabbi Shela made him lecturer ( amora ) of his college ( Jerusalem Talmud Bava Batra v. 15a ; Yoma, 20b ).

In his commentary on the Talmud, Maimonides ( Rabbi Moshe ben Maimon ) wrote:

* The Hilchot of the Rif, Rabbi Isaac Alfasi ( 1013 – 1103 ), summations of the legal material in the Talmud.

* The work of the Rosh, Rabbi Asher ben Jehiel ( 1250 ?/ 1259 ?– 1328 ), an abstract of the Talmud, concisely stating the final halakhic decision and quoting later authorities, notably Alfasi, Maimonides, and the Tosafists.

This work superseded Rabbi Alfasi's and has been printed with almost every subsequent edition of the Talmud.

The Beit Yosef is a huge commentary on the Tur in which Rabbi Karo traces the development of each law from the Talmud through later rabbinical literature ( examining thirty-two authorities, beginning with the Talmud and ending with the works of Rabbi Israel Isserlein ).

The Talmud suggests that this was a result of Divine Providence: God had granted the Jewish people another leader of great stature to succeed Rabbi Akiva.

It was redacted 220 CE by Rabbi Yehudah haNasi when, according to the Talmud, the persecution of the Jews and the passage of time raised the possibility that the details of the oral traditions dating from Pharisaic times ( 536 BCE – 70 CE ) would be forgotten.

The Talmud records a tradition that unattributed statements of the law represent the views of Rabbi Meir ( Sanhedrin 86a ), which supports the theory ( recorded by Rav Sherira Gaon in his famous Iggeret ) that he was the author of an earlier collection.

In one case she paskinned din on " klaustra " a rare Greek word referring to an object, used in the Talmud, unfortunately Rabbi Yehudah Hanassi did not believe women could be credited with paskining din, as it says ' do not speak too much to women ' ( Tannah Rabbi Jesse the Galilean ), and therefore credited the law to Rabbi Joshua who may have been her father.

He among others fully institutionlized the teaching of Mishnah and Talmud to girls, from an autobiography on him by Rabbi Mayor Twersky called " A Glimpse of the Rav " in R. Menachem Genack ed., Rabbi Joseph B. Soloveitchik: Man of Halacha, Man of Faith, page 113:

The Babylonian Talmud was the first attempt to attach authors to the holy books: each book, according to the authors of the Talmud, was written by a prophet, and each prophet was an eyewitness of the events described, and Joshua himself wrote " the book that bears his name ".

Ezekiel, like Jeremiah, is said by Talmud and Midrash to have been a descendant of Joshua by his marriage with the proselyte Rahab.

The Talmud ( Minachot 30a ) says that the last eight verses of the Torah that discuss the death and burial of Moses could not have been written by Moses, as writing it would have been a lie, and that they were written after his death by Joshua.

Another very useful study aid, found in almost all editions of the Talmud, consists of the marginal notes Torah Or, Ein Mishpat Ner Mitzvah and Masoret ha-Shas by the Italian rabbi Joshua Boaz, which give references respectively to the cited Biblical passages, to the relevant halachic codes and to related Talmudic passages.

The Talmud ( Megilah 3a ) states  The Targum of the Pentateuch was composed by Onkelos the proselyte under the from the mouths of R. Eleazar and R. Joshua.

Along with Schechter and Bernard Drachman, professors at the Seminary at the time included: Louis Ginzberg, professor of Talmud ; Alexander Marx, professor of history and rabbinical literature and librarian ; Israel Friedländer, professor of Bible ; Joseph Mayor Asher, professor of homiletics ; and Joshua A. Joffe, instructor in Talmud.

The Jewish Talmud states that Rahab of Jericho married Joshua Bin Nun, a descendant of Joseph.

According to the Talmud, Joshua ben Hananiah, who had served in the sanctuary Levitical choir, told how the choristers went to the synagogue from the orchestra by the altar ( Talmud, Suk.

It is mentioned in the Jerusalem Talmud ( Megilla page 2, 2 1: 1 ), and listed among the walled cities from the period of Joshua.

Within Judaism, restrictions on consuming meat and poultry that extend beyond the Rabbinic concept of kashrut are not unique to Ananism — the Talmud relates that after the destruction of the Second Temple certain ascetics ( perushim ) such as Abu Isa sought to prohibit meat and wine because they had been employed in the Temple ritual, and that Rabbi Joshua ben Hananiah repressed the movement.

Listed among the Benjamite cities of Joshua 18: 26, it was referred to in the Talmud as a place where people would come to cut young willow-branches as a part of the celebration of Sukkot ( Mishnah, Sukkah 4. 5: 178 ).

Ezekiel, like Jeremiah, is said to have been a descendant of Joshua by his marriage with the proselyte Rahab ( Talmud Meg.

According to the Talmud, Joshua ben Hananiah, who had served in the sanctuary Levitical choir, told how the choristers went to the synagogue from the orchestra by the altar ( Talmud, Suk.

According to the Talmud ( tractate Bava Bathra 21a ), which praises the sage Joshua ben Gamla with the institution of formal Jewish education in the 1st century AD, Ben Gamla instituted schools in every town and made formal education compulsory from the age of 6 or 7.

Jewish law is based on the Torah, as interpreted and supplemented by the Talmud: for a fuller account see Halakha.

According to several authorities, a decision may not be rendered in opposition to a view of Maimonides, even where he apparently militated against the sense of a Talmudic passage, for in such cases the presumption was that the words of the Talmud were incorrectly interpreted.

Regret followed, when he saw the Talmud being burnt in Paris in 1244, which he interpreted as a sign from Heaven that he had been mistaken.

According to several authorities (" Yad Mal ' akhi " rule 26, pg 186 ), a decision may not be rendered in opposition to a view of Maimonides, even though the latter apparently militated against the sense of a Talmudic passage, for in such cases the presumption was that the words of the Talmud were incorrectly interpreted.

However in Shabbat 104b and Sanhedrin 67a in the Babylonian Talmud, a passage is found that some have interpreted as equating ben Pandera with ben Stada.

Devora Steinmetz, Assistant Professor of Talmud at the Jewish Theological Seminary of America, says that the story of Jacob and Laban also resonates with the covenant with Abraham, more frequently interpreted as applying to the Exodus: " your seed shall be a stranger in a land that is not theirs, and shall serve them and they shall afflict them ....

Ashkenazi designed the Shittah to cover the whole Talmud ; but only the following tracts were interpreted: Bezah, Baba Kamma, Baba Batra, Baba Metzia, Ketubot, Nedarim, Nazir, Sotah, and the order of Kodashim ( excepting Hullin ) — the last-mentioned in the Romm edition of the Talmud.

" As for the making of knots in between the hulyot, the Talmud is inconclusive, and as such poskim (" devisors of Jewish law ") have interpreted this requirement in various ways.

According to the Talmud and Midrash, this day marks the hillula ( celebration, interpreted by some as anniversary of death ) of Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai, a Mishnaic sage and leading disciple of Rabbi Akiva in the 2nd century, and the day on which he revealed the deepest secrets of kabbalah in the form of the Zohar, a landmark text of Jewish mysticism.

Other passages in the Talmud, such as Yevamot 69a and Nidda 30b have been interpreted as implying that ensoulment may occur only after forty days of gestation.

The phrase they shall not gird themselves with any thing that causeth sweat, from the Book of Ezekiel, is interpreted in the Talmud to mean they shall not gird themselves around the bent of the body, where sweat effuses most.

No rabbi has the right to change Jewish law unless they clearly understand how it coincides with the precepts of the Talmud and later codes of Jewish law.

The Torah and the Talmud are not formal codes of law: they are sources of law.

It originated in a time of persecution of the Jewish people, when European Jews had turned inward to Talmud study ; many felt that most expressions of Jewish life had become too " academic ", and that they no longer had any emphasis on spirituality or joy.

In his book Students, Scholars and Saints, Ginzberg quotes the Vilna Gaon instructing, “ Do not regard the views of the Shulchan Aruch as binding if you think that they are not in agreement with those of the Talmud .”

Rashi had no sons and taught the Mishnah and Talmud to his daughters, until they knew it by heart as Jewish tradition teaches, they then transferred their knowledge of original Mishnah commentary to the Ashkenazi men of the next generation.

* Some scholars hold that many or most of the statements and events described in the Mishnah and Talmud usually occurred more or less as described, and that they can be used as serious sources of historical study.

Although other texts from the Second Temple period are not considered authoritative in Judaism, they do show reference to the concept of Noahic laws before the Talmud.

From his teachers, Rashi imbibed the oral traditions pertaining to the Talmud as they had been passed down for centuries, as well as an understanding of the Talmud's unique logic and form of argument.

In the Talmud, a central post-exilic religious text of Judaism, Samaritan claim of ancestral origin was disputed, and in those texts they are called Cutheans (, Kuthim ), referring to the ancient city of Cuthah ( Kutha ), geographically located in what is today Iraq.

The compilers of the Jerusalem Talmud consequently lacked the time to produce a work of the quality they had intended.

The Talmud also recounts a more positive view of Balaam, stating that when the Law was given to Israel, a mighty voice shook the foundations of the earth, so much so that all kings trembled, and in their consternation turned to Balaam, inquiring whether this upheaval of nature portended a second deluge ; the prophet assured them that what they heard was the voice of God, giving the sacred law to the Israelites ( Talmud, Zeb.

In one account, given in the Talmud, they destroyed the city's food supply so that the people would be forced to fight against the Roman siege instead of negotiating peace.

The Talmud holds it was for rebelling against Moses ( Eruvin 63b ) and the Midrash ( Vayikra Raba ) says the only hint we have is the commandment not to drink wine given to Aaron immediately after their death-an indication that they were drunk.

In the Biblical account, earlier regulations had specified that property was to be inherited by heirs who were male, but the daughters were the only children of their now deceased father, and so they came to the door of the Tent of Meeting and asked Moses, Eleazer, the tribal chieftains, and the rest of the congregation, for advice on what was to be done, as there were no obvious male heirs ; in the Talmud, opinions vary as to whether this means that the daughters petitioned all of these groups at the same time, with them gathered together, or if it means that the daughters first petitioned the congregation, then the chieftains, then Eleazar, and finally petitioned Moses.

" Talmud Berachot 6a ), and personal need (" The Shekhinah dwells over the headside of the sick man's bed " Talmud Shabbat 12b ; " Wheresoever they were exiled, the Shekhinah went with them.

The sages of the Talmud believed that when they taught the Oral Torah to their students, they were imitating Moses, who taught the law to the children of Israel.

Some Messianic communities believe that the rabbinic commentaries such as the Mishnah and the Talmud, while historically informative and useful in understanding tradition, are not normative and may not be followed where they differ from the messianic scriptures.

While many terms from the Talmud and Mishna exist in Modern Hebrew, their pronunciation is in line with Modern Hebrew, whereas in the Yeshivish Variant, they maintain their Ashkenazic variant.