The distribution was discovered in the context of classical statistical mechanics by J. W.

Beck describes his therapeutic approach as originating in a realization he made while conducting free association with patients in the context of classical psychoanalysis.

In a classical context, people were called " civilized " to set them apart from barbarians, savages, and primitive peoples while in a modern-day context, " civilized peoples " have been contrasted with indigenous peoples or tribal societies.

Others such as Michael Johnston and Noam Chomsky assert that classical liberalism as such can no longer exist in a modern day context as its principles were only relevant at the time its founding thinkers conceptualised them ; and that classical liberalism has grown into two divergent philosophies since the beginning of the twentieth century: social liberalism and market liberalism.

On the satirical side, Thomas Carlyle ( 1849 ) coined ' the dismal science ' as an epithet for classical economics, in this context, commonly linked to the pessimistic analysis of Malthus ( 1798 ).

In Eastern Europe, a larger descendant of the hammered dulcimer called the cimbalom is played and has been used by a number of classical composers, including Zoltán Kodály, Igor Stravinsky and Pierre Boulez, and more recently, in a different musical context, by Blue Man Group.

The popular image of the Greek god Pan was removed from its classical context in the writings of the Romantics of the 18th century and connected with their ideals of a pastoral England.

Nevertheless, Shaka's successors could argue that within the context of their experience and knowledge, they had done the best they could, following his classical template, which had advanced the Zulu from a small, obscure tribe to a respectable regional power known for its fierce warriors.

Ludwig Feuerbach ( 1833 ) defines " Paganism " ( Heidentum ) in the context of classical antiquity

In unpunctuated texts, the grammatical structure of sentences in classical writing is inferred from context.

The ability to manipulate quantum information enables us to perform tasks that would be unachievable in a classical context, such as unconditionally secure transmission of information.

The Sea of Marmara (, ), also known as the Sea of Marmora or the Marmara Sea, and in the context of classical antiquity as the Propontis (), is the inland sea that connects the Black Sea to the Aegean Sea, thus separating Turkey's Asian and European parts.

Today, it hosts a Gallery Contemporary Art in a fine context of classical columns, vast halls, marble statues and crystal chandeliers.

In Albania, where the concept of Epirus is never used in an official context, the counties of Gjirokastër, Vlorë, and Berat extend well beyond the northern and northeastern boundaries of classical Epirus.

Petitio ( from peto ), in the post-classical context in which the phrase arose, means " assuming " or " postulating ," but in the older classical sense means " petition ," " request ," or " beseeching.

In modern systems, law is " self-contained " and " distinct from other coercive forces, and perceived as separate from the political life of the community ," but " all these barriers are absent in the context of classical Athens.

" In this context, it is performed by the classical group, the Meridian Arts Ensemble.

Beginning in the late 19th century, the term " Hebrew " became popular among secular Zionists ; in this context the word alluded to the transformation of the Jews into a strong, independent, self-confident secular national group (" the New Jew ") sought by classical Zionism.

This term is usually used in the context of the classical vocal tradition, although numerous popular music artists also prefer employing falsetto.

The Chauci entered the historical record in descriptions of them by classical Roman sources late in the 1st century BC in the context of Roman military campaigns and sea raiding.

Images of other classical paragons of male beauty, Adonis and Endymion, are also mentioned in the same context.

" Contralto " is meaningful only in reference to classical and operatic singing, as other genres lack a system of vocal categorization comparable to that generally accepted in the classical context.

In mathematics and statistics, the arithmetic mean, or simply the mean or average when the context is clear, is the central tendency of a collection of numbers taken as the sum of the numbers divided by the size of the collection.

The axiom of choice has also been thoroughly studied in the context of constructive mathematics, where non-classical logic is employed.

Many important constructions in mathematics can be studied in this context.

In mathematics, depending on the context, a collection may refer to any of the following terms:

The Englert – Greenberger duality relation provides a detailed treatment of the mathematics of double-slit interference in the context of quantum mechanics.

Psychologische und logische Untersuchungen which, drawing on his prior studies in mathematics and philosophy, proposed a psychological context as the basis of mathematics.

Aether theory was dealt another blow when the Galilean transformation and Newtonian dynamics were both modified by Albert Einstein's special theory of relativity, giving the mathematics of Lorentzian electrodynamics a new, " non-aether " context.

The theme was brought forward by Aristotle's consideration of the apeiron in the context of mathematics and physics ( the study of nature ).

In mathematics, particularly in measure theory, measurable functions are structure-preserving functions between measurable spaces ; as such, they form a natural context for the theory of integration.

* Scalar ( mathematics ), a quantity that can multiply vectors in the context of vector spaces

In the context of complex dynamics, a topic of mathematics, the Julia set and the Fatou set are two complementary sets defined from a function.

Arcadia explores the nature of evidence and truth in the context of modern ideas about history, mathematics and physics.

The play refers to a wide array of subjects, including mathematics, physics, thermodynamics, computer algorithms, fractals, population dynamics, chaos theory vs. determinism ( especially in the context of love and death ), classics, landscape design, romanticism vs. classicism, English literature ( particularly poetry ), Byron, 18th century periodicals, modern academia, and even South Pacific botany.

Various disciplines within mathematics have given the term different meanings depending on the area of study, so the precise meaning depends on context.

As a mathematician, Khayyám has made fundamental contributions to the Philosophy of mathematics especially in the context of Persian Mathematics and Persian philosophy with which most of the other Persian scientists and philosophers such as Avicenna, Abū Rayḥān al-Bīrūnī and Tusi are associated.

In mathematics, the dot product, or scalar product ( or sometimes inner product in the context of Euclidean space ), is an algebraic operation that takes two equal-length sequences of numbers ( usually coordinate vectors ) and returns a single number obtained by multiplying corresponding entries and then summing those products.

# Textbooks or lecture notes which display the mathematical material to be covered / taught within the context of the teaching of mathematics.

Wigner begins his paper with the belief, common to all those familiar with mathematics, that mathematical concepts have applicability far beyond the context in which they were originally developed.

Quaternions predate mathematics that uses vectors, so some of the necessary notation continues to be used in the context of vectors.

The precise requirements for an enumeration ( for example, whether the set must be finite, or whether the list is allowed to contain repetitions ) depend on the branch of mathematics and the context in which one is working.

This contrasts with classical analysis, which ( in this context ) simply means analysis done according to the ( ordinary ) principles of classical mathematics.

After the problem has been solved in the world of mathematics, the solution must be translated back into the context of the original problem.

In the context of hardware and software systems, formal verification is the act of proving or disproving the correctness of intended algorithms underlying a system with respect to a certain formal specification or property, using formal methods of mathematics.