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In the eleventh century Pope Nicholas II, who in 1060 had tried to abolish the Mozarabic Rite, wished also to attack the Ambrosian, and was aided by St. Peter Damian, but he was unsuccessful, and pope Alexander II, his successor, himself a Milanese, reversed his policy in this respect.
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eleventh and century
The general intellectual outlook which had appeared in the eleventh century was now consolidated to a significant degree.
Another candidate for one of the first scholars to carry out comparative ethnographic-type studies in person was the medieval Persian scholar Abū Rayhān Bīrūnī in the eleventh century, who wrote about the peoples, customs, and religions of the Indian subcontinent.
The eleventh century Persian mathematician Omar Khayyám saw a strong relationship between geometry and algebra, and was moving in the right direction when he helped to close the gap between numerical and geometric algebra with his geometric solution of the general cubic equations, but the decisive step came later with Descartes.
He lived and worked in the second half of the eleventh century.
Later, in the eleventh century, the Byzantine emperor gave them to the French Count Jocelin.
While Tacitus called it Mare Suebicum after the Germanic people of the Suebi, the first to name it also as the Baltic Sea ( Mare Balticum ) was eleventh century German chronicler Adam of Bremen.
Beowulf survives in a single manuscript dated on paleographical grounds to the late tenth or early eleventh century.
The title Breviary, as we employ it — that is, a book containing the entire canonical office — appears to date from the eleventh century.
Having gone through numerous changes over time, it now circulates as two distinct books: the Treatise on Cold Damage Disorders and the Essential Prescriptions of the Golden Casket, which were edited separately in the eleventh century, under the Song dynasty.
Western pilgrims to Jerusalem during the eleventh century found much of the sacred site in ruins.
In the early 20th century, the Encyclopædia Britannica reached its eleventh edition, and inexpensive encyclopedias such as Harmsworth's Universal Encyclopaedia and Everyman's Encyclopaedia were common.
The eleventh century Erfurt Synagogue is thought to be the oldest synagogue building still standing in Europe.
By the earlier eleventh century ælf could denote a female.
In 1999, a small sample of the blade underwent metallurgical analysis which confirmed that the blade was made in Moorish Córdoba in the eleventh century and contained amounts of Damascus steel.
In 1530, Erasmus published a new edition of the orthodox treatise of Algerus against the heretic Berengar of Tours in the eleventh century.
This issue came to the fore in the first part of the eleventh century when Rome and the pope sought autonomy from the Holy Roman Emperor.
Three late tenth century and early eleventh century women presented their views of life and romance at the Heian court in Kagerō Nikki (" The Gossamer Years ") by " the mother of Michitsuna ", Makura no Sōshi ( The Pillow Book ) by Sei Shōnagon, and Genji Monogatari ( Tale of Genji ) by Murasaki Shikibu ( herself a Fujiwara ).
The Essentials was however written by a Song Dynasty court bureaucrat, and there's little evidence that it had any immediate impact on warfare ; there is no mention of gunpowder use in the chronicles of the wars against the Tanguts in the eleventh century, and China was otherwise mostly at peace during this century.
Thus, there was a short-lived eleventh century attempt to re-establish an independent Galatia by native Galatians whose aristocracy and people appealed to Anglo-Saxon and Russo-Norman mercenaries of the Byzantine Varangian Guard and Frankish Crusaders alike in establishing a new kingdom.
The 12th century saw the Normans ( who had conquered England and Wales in the eleventh century ) invade Ireland.
Iberia in the seventh century, the Crusades which began in the eleventh century, then for centuries the Ottoman Empire, were all fields of war between Europe and Islam.
eleventh and Pope
During the pontificate of Pope Paul III the Council fathers met for the first through eighth sessions in Trent ( 1545 – 7 ), and for the ninth through eleventh sessions in Bologna ( 1547 ).
From the eleventh century they rested at the church of Saint Adalbert, now Saint Bartholomew, on the island in the Tiber in Rome ; in 1908 Pope Pius X permitted them to be translated to the new Cathedral at Nola, where they were reinterred on May 15, 1909.
At the time of Benedict's erection, however, this status was not recognized, thus the man the Roman Catholic Church officially considers the eleventh true Pope Benedict took the official number XII, rather than XI.
* Pope Anicetus succeeds Pope Pius I as the eleventh pope.
During his time in Chartres Fulbert played an important role in the development and spread of the ideas that led to the Gregorian church reforms of the eleventh century, under Pope Gregory VII.
: This last opinion was advocated from about the latter end of the eleventh century: but Pope Innocent III finally and infallibly determined, that four nails were used, and that the Roman soldier pierced the right side of Christ ; a decision, which of course stamped the brand of heresy upon Triclavianism.
The basilica, consecrated in 439 by Sixtus III, has undergone several restorations, among them a restoration by Pope Adrian I, and further work in the eleventh century.
Previously Bishop of the Forces, he was appointed the eleventh Bishop of Menevia by Pope Benedict XVI on 16 October 2008 and took possession of his See during the celebration of Mass at the Cathedral on 1 December 2008.
Towards the end of the eleventh century, it was decreed by the Pope, and zealously supported by the ecclesiastical authorities all over Europe, that such persons as wore long hair should be excommunicated while living, and not be prayed for when dead.
As far back as the eleventh century, Ralph, Archbishop of Tours had his lover installed as Bishop of Orléans, yet neither Pope Urban II, nor his successor Paschal II took action to depose either man.
The denotation Rex teutonicorum was often used by the Papacy during the Investiture Controversy, perhaps as a polemical tool by Pope Gregory VII against the Emperor Henry IV in the late eleventh century.
On June 21, 2005, more than a year after the death of the previous bishop, Kevin Britt, Pope Benedict XVI named Walter A. Hurley the eleventh Bishop of Grand Rapids.
On April 4, 2007, South Park parodied Donohue in the eleventh season episode " Fantastic Easter Special " as a power-hungry official of the Catholic Church who overthrows the Pope and sentences Jesus (" The Jew ") to death for going against him and contradicting Catholic belief.
In the eleventh century, Pope Gregory VII ( 1073 – 1085 ) wrote to the Armenians, who still used the emended formula, instructing them to avoid all occasion for scandal by removing the additions, which Pope Gregory argues ( incorrectly ) that neither the Roman nor any Eastern Church ( save the Armenians themselves ) had adopted.
eleventh and Nicholas
He was eleventh at the 2009 World Championships in Athletics, then was only a bronze medallist at the 2009 Asian Athletics Championships as he was beaten by two other former Kenyans, Nicholas Kemboi and Hasan Mahboob.
eleventh and II
Cuitláhuac was the eleventh son of the ruler Axayacatl and a younger brother of Moctezuma II, the previous ruler of Tenochtitlan.
Its most important achievements were the registration at its eleventh sitting ( 9 December 1516 ) of the abolition of the pragmatic sanction, which the popes since Pius II had unanimously condemned, and the confirmation of the concordat between Leo X and Francis I, which was destined to regulate the relations between the French Church and the Holy See until the French Revolution.
The fourth son and eleventh child of Edward I by his first wife Eleanor of Castile, Edward II was born at Caernarfon Castle.
* Ausilia ( also Auxilia or Usilia ), second wife of Humbert II de Beaujeu, whom she bore four sons by the last decade of the eleventh century: Guichard, Humbert, Guigues, and Hugh
The eleventh Earl, Richard, was treated harshly by Richard II.
Martin Michael Charles Charteris, second son of the aforementioned Captain Hugo Francis Charteris, Lord Elcho, eldest son of the eleventh Earl, was private secretary to Queen Elizabeth II and was created a life peer as Baron Charteris of Amisfield in 1978.
On March 31, 2009, the band's eleventh studio album was released, titled American Soldier, a concept album about war from the perspective of those on the front lines of American wars from World War II through the present.
Fuad II was the eleventh and last monarch of the Muhammad Ali Dynasty, which had ruled Egypt ( and later Sudan ) since 1805.
He is thought to have been the eldest of four brothers ( one of whom, Toby, was also a swordsman who accompanied his brother in at least one challenge ), and eleventh in descent from Sir Bartholomew Silver, who was knighted by Edward II.
Mentuhotep II, also known as Nebhepetra, would eventually defeat the Heracleopolitan kings around 2033 BC and unify the country to continue the eleventh dynasty, bringing Egypt into the Middle Kingdom.
The end of the First Intermediate Period is placed at the time when Mentuhotep II of the eleventh dynasty defeated the Heracleopolitan kings of Lower Egypt and reunited Egypt under a single ruler.
* Muhammad II ibn al-Husayn ( 1811 – 1859 ), eleventh leader of the Husainid Dynasty and ruler of Tunisia
Pomerelia was still part of Poland during the reign of king Bolesław I of Poland and his son Mieszko II Lambert, however in the eleventh century the region has loosen its close connections with the kingdom of Poland and consequently formed an independent duchy.
The eleventh Baron was a follower of King James II and was outlawed after the Glorious Revolution.
As with the first trials, Shillalah II ( as the new boat was named ) dominated the races, winning ten out of the thirteen that were held, and only just missing out on an eleventh.
Ten Colossi were completed and used during World War II in British decoding efforts, and an eleventh was ready for commissioning at the end of the war.
Eventually, Maria II died as a result of the birth of their eleventh child.
He first met with Constantius II when the emperor visited Ancyra in Galatia in the eleventh year of his reign, 347, on which occasion Themistius delivered the first of his extant orations, Peri Philanthropias.
The practice was especially widespread in the early tenth century, when Marozia was influential in Rome and Italy, and in the eleventh and twelfth centuries, during the reigns of Henry IV of Germany, Philip I of France, William the Conqueror, William Rufus, Henry I and Henry II of England.
* The eleventh was an armed merchant cruiser that served in World War II and was damaged beyond repair by Japanese aircraft in 1942.
Eleven were built, of which ten were launched on Ariane 4 rockets, and the eleventh went on an Atlas II.
2.384 seconds.