Abd al-Rahman I, or, his full name by patronymic record, Abd al-Rahman ibn Mu ' awiya ibn Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan ( 731 – 788 ) ( Arabic: عبد الرحمن الداخل ) was the founder of the Umayyad Emirate of Córdoba ( 755 ), a Muslim dynasty that ruled the greater part of Iberia for nearly three centuries ( including the succeeding Caliphate of Córdoba ).

Abd ar-Rahman IV Mortada ( عبدالرحمن ) was the Caliph of Cordoba in the Umayyad dynasty of the Al-Andalus ( Moorish Iberia ), succeeding Suleiman II, in 1018.

Chinese historians living in later periods were accustomed to the notion of one dynasty succeeding another, but the actual political situation in early China is known to have been much more complicated.

The king of Zhou at this time invoked the concept of the Mandate of Heaven to legitimize his rule, a concept that would be influential for almost every succeeding dynasty.

Egypt's succeeding dynasty failed to reassert full control over Kush.

Chinese historians living in later periods were accustomed to the notion of one dynasty succeeding another, and readily identified the Zhengzhou and Erlitou sites with the early Shang and Xia Dynasty of traditional histories.

The tradition of tracing Chinese political history from heroic early emperors to the Xia to succeeding dynasties comes from the idea of the Mandate of Heaven, in which only one legitimate dynasty can exist at any given time, and was promoted by the Confucian school in the Eastern Zhou period, later becoming the basic position of imperial historiography and ideology.

Although the Beauforts were supposedly barred from succeeding to the crown by the Act of Parliament which made the children of Gaunt and Katherine legitimate after their marriage, their line eventually produced King Henry VII and the Tudor dynasty.

* The Serb eagle, a white two-headed eagle, which represents dual power and sovereignty ( monarch and church ), was the coat of arms of the Nemanjić dynasty, adopted by the succeeding noble and royal families.

The House of Valois () was a cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty, succeeding the House of Capet ( or " Direct Capetians ") as kings of France from 1328 to 1589.

It includes rulers of the first Persian Empire, the Achaemenid dynasty, who unified Persia and created a vast intercontinental empire, as well as rulers of succeeding dynasties.

He was given the disparaging epithet the Drunkard () by the hostile historians of the succeeding Macedonian dynasty, but modern historical research has rehabilitated his reputation to some extent, demonstrating the vital role his reign played in the resurgence of Byzantine power in the 9th century.

Under the succeeding Kassite dynasty, shortly after the middle of the 2nd millennium, Ekur was restored once more to its former splendour, several monarchs of that dynasty built upon and adorned it, and thousands of inscriptions, dating from the time of those rulers, have been discovered in its archives.

During the rule of the succeeding Hanoverian dynasty, power was gradually transferred from the Sovereign to Parliament and the Government.

The succeeding dynasty called itself Goryeo (, ), in reference to Goguryeo.

The dynastic history was written by the succeeding dynasty and the very act of writing it served to illustrate that the succeeding dynasty had inherited the mandate to rule from its predecessor.

The succeeding dynasty, the Eparti ( c. 1970 – 1770 BC ), also called " of the sukkalmahs " because of the title borne by its members, was contemporary with the Old Babylonian period in Mesopotamia.

One especially mentioned case involves the 17th and last ruler of the dynasty, Jie of Xia, who has been often been the one credited ( or blamed ) for the demise of the Xia to the succeeding Shang dynasty: at the behest of his mistress, Jie was said to have ordered the construction of a pool of wine ( alcoholic beverage ), which when eventually completed and filled was large enough to navigate with some sort of boat.

Namgyal was the 11th ruler of the Namgyal dynasty of Sikkim, succeeding his half brother Sidkeong Tulku Namgyal, who had ruled from February to December in 1914, till his death from heart failure.

Though he was destined to be a strongly counter-reforming emperor, Alexander had little prospect of succeeding to the throne during the first two decades of his life, as he had an elder brother, Nicolas, who seemed of robust constitution.

In the West, the first public libraries were established under the Roman Empire as each succeeding emperor strove to open one or many which outshone that of his predecessor.

He was promoted to Chief Astronomer for the Han court under Emperor An, serving his first term from 115 – 120 and his second under the succeeding emperor from 126 – 132.

When his elder brother, the emperor Baldwin I, was captured at the Battle of Adrianople in April 1205 by the Bulgarians, Henry was chosen regent of the empire, succeeding to the throne when the news of Baldwin ’ s death arrived.

In the winter of 47 he was appointed the second governor of Roman Britain by the emperor Claudius, succeeding Aulus Plautius.

In 1527, due to Charles ' inability to pay them sufficiently, his armies in Northern Italy mutinied and sacked Rome itself for loot, forcing Clement, and succeeding popes, to be considerably more prudent in their dealings with secular authorities: in 1533, Clement's refusal to annul Henry VIII of England's marriage to Catherine of Aragon ( Charles ' aunt ) was a direct consequence of his unwillingness to offend the emperor and perhaps have his capital sacked a second time.

In an attempt to deal with them, the succeeding emperor granted them rule of the Aquitaine region, in modern day France, where they founded the Visigothic kingdom.

Traditionally, he was considered the last emperor of the dynasty because he was the one who formally yielded the throne to the founding emperor to the succeeding Tang Dynasty, Emperor Gaozu of Tang ( Li Yuan ), although after him, his brother Yang Tong claimed the throne and continued to do so until 619.

For much of the first year of Hezqeyas ' rule the Ras Betwodded Aligaz could not directly intervene to support this emperor because he had his hands full consolidating his own position: he faced armed resistance to succeeding his brother Ras Ali, including members of his own family such as Dejazmach Alula, the Fitawrari Sadiq, and the Jantirar Yasufe.

Wang Shichong ( 王世充 ) ( died 621 ), courtesy name Xingman ( 行滿 ), was a general of the Chinese Sui Dynasty who deposed Sui's last emperor Yang Tong and briefly ruled as the emperor of a succeeding state of Zheng.

Xiahou Mao was a close friend of Cao Pi, and after Cao Pi became emperor, he named Xiahou Mao as " General who Stabilizes the West " ( 安西将军 ), succeeding his father to take charge of Guanzhong, stationed in Chang ' an ( present day Xi ' an ).

For example, the conventional date 1644 marks the year in which the Manchu Qing dynasty armies occupied Beijing and brought Qing rule to China proper, succeeding the Ming dynasty.

In 1455, in an effort to control inflation, the succeeding Ming Dynasty ended the use of paper money and closed much of Chinese trade.

Under the succeeding Han Dynasty and Tang Dynasty, Confucian ideas gained even more widespread prominence.

The succeeding Nervan-Antonian Dynasty, ruling for most of the 2nd century, stabilised the Empire.

The succeeding Han Dynasty also expanded into the Ordos due to overpopulation, but depleted their resources in the process.

The Shang Dynasty ( Chinese: 商朝 ; pinyin: shāng cháo ) or Yin Dynasty ( 殷代 ; pinyin: yīn dài ), according to traditional historiography, ruled in the Yellow River valley in the second millennium BC, succeeding the Xia Dynasty and followed by the Zhou Dynasty.

The family retained an aristocratic standing and often provided needed administrative services to the succeeding Zhou Dynasty.

Following the fall of Kaifeng, the succeeding Southern Song Dynasty continued to fight the Jin for over a decade, eventually signing the Treaty of Shaoxing in 1141, which called for the cession of all Song land north of the Huai River to the Jin and the execution of Song General Yue Fei in return for peace.

In 220, Cao Pi, son of Cao Cao, seized the throne and proclaimed himself to be the Emperor of China, ending and succeeding the nominal rule of the Han Dynasty.

The Liu Song Dynasty (; Wade-Giles: Liu Sung Ch ' ao ), also known as Former Song Dynasty ( 前宋 ) ( 420-479 CE ), was first of the four Southern Dynasties in China, succeeding the Eastern Jin Dynasty and followed by the Southern Qi Dynasty.

He founded the Valentinian Dynasty, with his sons Gratian and Valentinian II succeeding him in the western half of the empire.

The use of zì began during the Shang Dynasty and slowly developed into a system, which became most widespread during the succeeding Zhou Dynasty.

During the succeeding Ming Dynasty, an interest in plays and novels resulted in further expansions and retelling of the stories.

The succeeding Tang Dynasty kept its capital in Chang ' an, marking the beginning of China's second golden age, with Henan being one of the wealthiest places in the empire.

The Mandate of Heaven was first used by the Zhou Dynasty to justify its overthrow of the Shang Dynasty and would be used by many succeeding dynasties in the same way.