# Viruddha: Instead of proving something it is proving the opposite.

Instead of checking each passenger as they enter a fare control zone, proof-of-payment requires that each passenger carry a ticket or pass proving that they have paid the fare.

Instead, Peter unwittingly kills two airplane pilots, proving people are not immortal, and forcing actress Karen Black to land the plane.

Instead, Egbert took a genuine interest in the cars and moved his home to the Studebaker proving grounds lodge.

Instead of starting from theory and applying theory to a particular case, casuists start with the particular case itself and then ask what morally significant features ( including both theory and practical considerations ) ought to be considered for that particular case.

Instead of focusing merely on the individual objects ( e. g., groups ) possessing a given structure, category theory emphasizes the morphisms – the structure-preserving mappings – between these objects ; by studying these morphisms, we are able to learn more about the structure of the objects.

Instead, a popular theory suggests linguistic updating, which is when " late forms may not in fact have been original to the book but may reflect the updating of vocabulary and grammar by later scribes so their contemporaries could understand the book better.

Instead of suggesting that the mechanical properties of objects changed with their constant-velocity motion through an undetectable aether, Einstein proposed to deduce the characteristics that any successful theory must possess in order to be consistent with the most basic and firmly established principles, independent of the existence of a hypothetical aether.

Instead, distributed circuit elements and transmission-line theory are more useful methods for design and analysis.

Instead, it tries to be intelligible to someone who has never thought about set theory before.

Instead, they challenged every prosecution theory and witness, offering alternative explanations for the evidence.

Instead of groups, groupoids, the mathematical generalization of groups in category theory, is the appropriate tool for studying quasicrystals.

Mill notes that, contrary to what its critics might say, there is “ no known Epicurean theory of life which does not assign to the pleasures of the intellect … a much higher value as pleasures than to those of mere sensation .” However, he accepts that this is usually because the intellectual pleasures are thought to have circumstantial advantages, i. e. “ greater permanency, safety, uncostliness, & c .” Instead, Mill will argue that some pleasures are intrinsically better than others.

Instead, they hold that moral claims are derived either from an unsupported belief that there are objective moral facts ( error theory, a form of moral nihilism ); the speakers ' sentiments ( emotivism, a form of moral relativism ); or any one of the norms prevalent in society ( ethical subjectivism, another form of moral relativism ).

Instead, neorealist thinkers developed a theory that privileges structural constraints over agents ' strategies and motivations.

Instead, because of the new bond formed between the iron and the cyanide, these electrons would actually destabilize the compound ( based on molecular orbital theory ); thus, the heme group will no longer accept them.

Instead, using concepts drawn from physiognomy, early eugenics, psychiatry and Social Darwinism, Lombroso's theory of anthropological criminology essentially stated that criminality was inherited, and that someone " born criminal " could be identified by physical defects, which confirmed a criminal as savage, or atavistic.

Instead, continuity is maintained not by positing an extraempirical entity such as a Self, but by a theory of causality.

Instead of a strict social hierarchy or a class divided society, North Korea had, in theory, divided the union into three classes-peasant, worker, and the samuwon ( intellectuals and professionals ) where each sect is just as important as the other.

Instead, it promotes the Kawaida theory of Maulana Karenga, which includes black unity, collective action, and cooperative economics.

Instead, the 1-bit signal is recorded directly and in theory only requires a lowpass filter to reconstruct the original analog waveform.

Instead, self-perception theory perspective suggests that people derive their inner feelings or abilities from their external behaviors.

Instead, this epistemological break was a process that had to be endlessly renewed, thus explaining revisionist tentatives to break away from this progress and renew with the old protoscientific ( and " bourgeois ") theory, which ignored the social and historical conditions which made human society what it is.

Instead, the subscriber is identified by transmission of an IMSI number, which is stored on a SIM card that can ( in theory ) be transferred to any handset.

Instead of relying on the device of the implied author and a text-centered analysis of unreliable narration, Ansgar Nünning gives evidence that narrative unreliability can be reconceptualized in the context of frame theory and of readers ' cognitive strategies.

Instead of using the model of the economic man, as advocated in classic theory, they proposed the administrative man as an alternative based on their argumentation about the cognitive limits of rationality.

Instead, for researchers in the social identity tradition " a group is defined in terms of those who identify themselves as members of the group ".

Instead, researchers use a measure of internal consistency known as Cronbach's.

Instead, researchers react to what they discover, not assuming anything about society.

Instead, the researchers bypassed Congress and received support from the Department of Defense, after promising the development of a weapon that could instantly trigger psychotic symptoms.

Instead of trying to predict single instances of behavior, which was unreliable, researchers found that they could predict patterns of behavior by aggregating large numbers of observations.

Instead, these researchers have frequently focused on the development of problem solving within a certain domain, that is on the development of expertise ( e. g. Anderson, Boyle & Reiser, 1985 ; Chase & Simon, 1973 ; Chi, Feltovich & Glaser, 1981 ).

Instead of conveying linguistic content and pointing to something outside itself, scat music — like instrumental music — is self-referential and " d what it mean ".

Instead, the ties that bind are a shared heritage by virtue of common linguistic, cultural, and political traditions.

Instead, the king appointed a three person commission of representatives of the linguistic communities to investigate how to restart the reform process.

Instead of reflecting the usual left / right divide, the laws which fixed the position of the linguistic border were voted ( in 1962 and 1963 ) by the majority formed by Flemish members in Parliament against the minority formed by their French-speaking counterparts.

Instead, they stress the necessity of accepting the co-presence of linguistic literacies and visual literacies as interacting and interlacing modalities which complement one another in the meaning making process.

Instead of relatively small sales to many accounts, there are now larger sales to or through fewer accounts.

Instead of closing the house in first ( as most builders do ) you can now cut your costs by not closing it in until you have to ( see p 121 ).

Instead of pursuing unilateral prerogatives, Brazilian foreign policy has tended to emphasize regional integration, first through the Southern Cone Common Market ( Mercosul ) and now the Union of South American Nations.

Instead of soldier cards, one is now able to purchase the eponymous knights.

Instead of treating every user as client and server, some users were now treated as ultrapeers, routing search requests and responses for users connected to them.

Instead it now sought to move beyond its old working class base to appeal the full spectrum of potential voters, including the middle class and professionals.

Instead Cloud9 was sold, and is now a mobile roaming company.

Instead, in 1769, he enrolled at the College of New Jersey, now Princeton University, where he became roommates and close friends with Philip Freneau, later dubbed " the poet of the Revolution.

Instead of one level of content, there are now two: lexicogrammar and semantics.

Instead large Level 1 caches are used, formerly as separate chips connected by a bus, and now integrated on-chip.

Instead the mausoleum, which is open to visitors, now has two sarcophagi: the empty one made of marble and the original wooden one, which holds Saladin.

Instead, it is now believed condylarths are members of the cohort Laurasiatheria.

Instead the Winteraceae were considered to be a primitive family ( due to the structure of the xylem and carpel, a structure which now seems to be derived from xylem and carpels more typical of the angiosperms as a whole ).

Instead, the field of boron chemistry has grown enormously, and a systematic understanding of some of its complexities has now begun.

Instead, IBM now prefers to make key product strides through acquisition ( e. g., the takeovers of Lotus Software and Rational Software ) and to support the development of open standards, particularly Linux.

Instead of the boy Conradin, safely sequestered across the Alps, the Papacy now faced an able military leader in Italy.

Instead, the disorders once classified as neuroses are now considered anxiety disorders.

Instead the NSW Corps, now known as the 102nd Regiment of Foot, was to be recalled to England and replaced with the 73rd Regiment of Foot, whose commanding officer would take over as Governor.

Instead of a series of instructions saying " get this pixel, now get the next pixel ", a SIMD processor will have a single instruction that effectively says " get n pixels " ( where n is a number that varies from design to design ).

Instead of being a dilapidated house, it was now practically a museum, filled with odd statues, trophies, and other interesting knick-knacks.

Instead of going through traditional distribution channels, which had some type of intermediate ( such as a distributor, wholesaler, broker, or agent ), companies may now deal with every customer directly, for example via the Internet.

Instead of the next-show teaser, Ken Roberts's voice could be heard, saying, " And now, the last word ," and the trademark light bulb would be shut off by a hand doing whatever the last word was.

Instead of receiving a Diploma in Osteopathy ( DO ), with or without a Diploma in Naturopathy ( ND ), graduates now become Masters or Bachelors of Osteopathy, or Osteopathic Medicine, ( BOst or MOst ) or else Bachelors of Science ( BSc ) in Osteopathy or Osteopathic Medicine, according to the institution attended: in this case osteopathy and osteopathic medicine are synonymous, but these degrees do not lead to prescribing rights.

Instead, they must now determine the actual network of every number before routing the call.