Likewise, the King James Version references some of these books by the traditional spelling when referring to them in the New Testament, such as " Esaias " ( for Isaiah ).

Jewish and Christian tradition held that the entire book is by the 8th century BCE prophet Isaiah, but scholars have concluded since the late 19th century that it cannot be by a single author.

* Chapters 40 to 55 ( Second Isaiah or Deutero-Isaiah ): by an anonymous author who lived in Babylon near the end of the Babylonian captivity.

Eventually Hezekiah revolted against Assyria, and as Isaiah had predicted the country was ravaged by Assyrian armies.

Isaiah 2: 4 is taken as an unofficial mission statement by the United Nations.

However, God tells Judah ( through Isaiah ) that the covenant cannot protect them when they have broken it by the worship of other gods and by acts of injustice and cruelty, which oppose God's law.

The importance of this theme is indicated by its placement at the beginning and end of Second Isaiah ( 40: 3 – 5, 55: 12 – 13 ).

Peace, 1896 etching by William Strutt, based upon Isaiah 11: 6, 7

Another important passage was Isaiah 40: 3 – 5, which imagines the exiled Israel proceeding home to Jerusalem on a newly-constructed road, led by the victorious Yahweh who has conquered the gods of Babylon.

Isaiah 52: 13 – 53: 12, the fourth of the " Suffering Servant " songs, was interpreted by the earliest Christians as a prophecy of the death and exaltation of Jesus, a role which Jesus himself seems to have accepted ( Luke 4: 17 – 21 ).

Like Isaiah, the book has a vision of the punishment of Israel and creation of a " remnant ", followed by world peace centred on Zion under the leadership of a new Davidic monarch ; the people should do justice, turn to Yahweh, and await the end of their punishment.

Soon after, Pasternak and Ivinskaya arranged for Doctor Zhivago to be smuggled abroad by Sir Isaiah Berlin.

According to Isaiah Friedman, Hussein was not perturbed by the Balfour Declaration and on 23 March 1918, in Al Qibla, the daily newspaper of Mecca, with Hussein writing:

According to Christian theologian Alister McGrath, the Jewish Christians affirmed every aspect of then contemporary Second Temple Judaism with the addition of the belief that Jesus was the messiah, with Isaiah 49: 6, " an explicit parallel to 42: 6 " quoted by Paul in Acts 13: 47 and reinterpreted by Justin the Martyr.

Other verses by inference may be considered to refer to ' speaking in tongues ', such as Isaiah 28: 11, Romans 8: 26 and Jude 20.

Others point out that Paul quotes Isaiah to show that " when God speaks to people in language they cannot understand, it is quite evidently a sign of God's judgment "; so if unbelievers are baffled by a church service they cannot understand because tongues are spoken without being interpreted, that is a " sign of God's attitude ", " a sign of judgment ".

In early youth, Isaiah may have been moved by the invasion of Israel by the Assyrian monarch Tiglath-Pileser III (); and again, twenty years later, when he had already entered on his office, by the invasion of Tiglath-Pileser and his career of conquest.

Isaiah, by Michelangelo, ( c. 1508-1512, Sistine Chapel ceiling, Vatican City ).

There is a tradition ( reported in both the Martyrdom of Isaiah and the Lives of the Prophets ) that he suffered martyrdom by Manasseh due to pagan reaction.

Although Isaiah is not mentioned by name in the Qur ' an or in the authenticated sayings of Prophet Muhammed, Muslim sources have accepted him as a prophet.

Rockwell, America's best-known popular illustrator of the day, posed his model to match the Sistine Chapel ceiling image of the prophet Isaiah, painted by Michelangelo in 1509.

Argiento had been trained so rigorously by the Jesuits that Michelangelo was unable to change his habits: up before dawn to scrub the floors, whether they were dirty or not ; ;

frequently he would take his leave of Michelangelo by announcing:

Inside you will find the lovely Sibyls painted by Raphael and a chapel designed by Michelangelo.

* A scene in Professione: reporter, a film directed by Michelangelo Antonioni, was filmed on the roof of the building.

It can be said of late phase mannerist painting in Florence, that the city that had early breathed life into statuary with the works of masters like Donatello and Michelangelo, was still so awed by them that it petrified the poses of figures in painting.

It crosses Florence, where it passes below the Ponte Vecchio and the Santa Trìnita bridge ( built by Bartolomeo Ammanati, but inspired by Michelangelo ).

One of many artistic depictions of Saint Anthony's trials in the desert, this painting was copied by the young Michelangelo after an engraving by Martin Schongauer

The Prophet Joel as imagined by Michelangelo ( Fresco, Sistine Chapel Ceiling, 1508 – 1512 )

There are groups of drawings by Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael, Michelangelo, ( including his only surviving full-scale cartoon ), Dürer ( a collection of 138 drawings is one of the finest in existence ), Peter Paul Rubens, Rembrandt, Claude and Watteau, and largely complete collections of the works of all the great printmakers including Dürer ( 99 engravings, 6 etchings and most of his 346 woodcuts ), Rembrandt and Goya.

The Centauromachy is most famously portrayed in the Parthenon metopes by Phidias and in a Renaissance-era sculpture by Michelangelo.

Returning to Italy, the most celebrated doors are those of the Battistero di San Giovanni ( Florence ), which together with the door frames are all in bronze, the borders of the latter being perhaps the most remarkable: the modeling of the figures, birds and foliage of the south doorway, by Andrea Pisano ( 1330 ), and of the east doorway by Ghiberti ( 1425 – 1452 ), are of great beauty ; in the north door ( 1402 – 1424 ) Ghiberti adopted the same scheme of design for the paneling and figure subjects in them as Andrea Pisano, but in the east door the rectangular panels are all filled, with bas-reliefs, in which Scripture subjects are illustrated with innumerable figures, these being probably the gates of Paradise of which Michelangelo speaks.

The movie was partly influenced by Michelangelo Antonioni ’ s Blowup ( 1966 ).

By the end of the sixteenth century this had largely displaced buon fresco, and was used by painters such as Gianbattista Tiepolo or Michelangelo.

Lorenzo was a great patron of the arts, commissioning works by Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci and Botticelli.

Starring Alberto Sordi in the title role, the film is a revised version of a treatment first written by Michelangelo Antonioni in 1949 and based on the fotoromanzi, the photographed cartoon strip romances popular in Italy at the time.

Heraclitus ( figured by Michelangelo ) sits apart from the other philosophers in Raphael Sanzio | Raphael's School of Athens

It comes to the fore in Italian Renaissance painting, where a series of increasingly ambitious works were produced, many still religious, but several, especially in Florence, which did actually feature near-contemporary historical scenes such as the set of three huge canvases on The Battle of San Romano by Paolo Uccello, the abortive Battle of Cascina by Michelangelo and the Battle of Anghiari by Leonardo da Vinci, neither of which were completed.

The fresco of The Last Judgment on the altar wall of the Sistine Chapel was commissioned by Pope Clement VII, who died shortly after assigning the commission.

* 1512 – The ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, painted by Michelangelo, is exhibited to the public for the first time.

Donning the appropriate vestments and reemerging into the Sistine Chapel, the new pope is given the " Fisherman's Ring " by the Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church, whom he first either reconfirms or reappoints.

Several of Michelangelo's greatest works ( including the painting of the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel ) were commissioned by Julius.

The Sistine Chapel was sponsored by Sixtus IV, as was the Ponte Sisto, the Sistine Bridge – the first new bridge across the Tiber since antiquity – and the building of Via Sistina ( later named Borgo Sant ' Angelo ), a road leading from Castel Sant ' Angelo to Saint Peter.

The current version of St Peter's Basilica was built and the Sistine Chapel was painted by Michelangelo.

* November 1 – The ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, painted by Michelangelo Buonarroti, is exhibited to the public for the first time.

Raphael was clearly influenced by Michelangelo's Sistine Chapel ceiling in the course of painting the room.

One of the most significant artistic works of his reign was the depiction of the Last Judgement by Michelangelo in the Sistine Chapel of the Vatican Palace.

In 1508 Michelangelo's image of the Israelites deliverance from the plague of serpents by the creation of the bronze serpent on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel.

The Creation of Adam by Michelangelo, the most famous painting found at the Sistine Chapel and also one of the most famous paintings in the world.

The part of the restoration in the Sistine Chapel that has caused the most concern is the ceiling, painted by Michelangelo.

* The tapestries for the Sistine Chapel, designed by Raphael in 1515 – 16, for which the Raphael Cartoons, or painted designs, also survive.

There are a number of famous paintings that depict the Madonna in this manner, notably the Sistine Madonna by Raphael.

His compositions, of which very few have been published, were very favourable specimens of the severe ecclesiastical style ; one in particular, a ten-part Miserere, composed for Holy Week in 1821 by order of Pope Pius VII, has taken a permanent place in the services of the Sistine chapel during Passion Week.

The series of six paintings-The progress of human knowledge and culture-has been described by critic Andrew Graham-Dixon as " Britain's late, great answer to the Sistine Chapel ".

Five sibyls were painted on the Sistine Chapel ceiling by Michelangelo ; the Delphic Sibyl, Libyan Sibyl, Persian Sibyl, Cumaean Sibyl and the Erythraean Sibyl.

In 1483, Ghirlandaio was summoned to Rome by Pope Sixtus IV to paint a wall fresco in the Sistine Chapel, Vocation of the Apostles ; also attributed to him is the Sistine Chapel's Crossing of the Red Sea, although more likely executed by Cosimo Rosselli or Biagio d ' Antonio.